sometimes officially employed, and especially in his own diocese. When the six months of his sequestration had expired, the Lord Treasurer sent a private and kind message to him by Goodman, Dean of Westminster, containing some account after what manner the Star Chamber would proceed in his business, and also his Lordship's directions to him how he should demean himself in respect of the offence he had given to the Queen by the exercises. The substance of this message was, that when call ed upon to answer for his conduct, he should in general terms acknowledge his fault, and humbly request her Majesty's pardon. To this counsel of the Lord Treasurer the Archbishop thought it not fit to accede; still esteeming himself not to have done amiss, he would not ask pardon, which supposed a fault: : nor did he appear in person before the Lords in the Star Chamber, but sent an humble writing to them by Sir Walter Mildmay, beseeching that they would intercede with the Queen for his liberty, and for taking off his sequestration, which he had suffered patiently six months; yet first of all declaring the innocency of his own doings-then his quiet and thankful bearing of the punishment inflicted, and his great trouble of mind at the Queen's displeasure with him; all in very submissive terms. But he would make no further concession, Neither however did this submission of the Archbishop, nor the mawifest inconveniences to the Church which resulted from his sequestration, prevail as yet for his restoration to liberty, and the exercise of his jurisdiction. Nor did he ever after much enjoy the Queen's favour; insomuch that he was even desirous to resign his Archbishopric. There was some thought indeed of his deprivation, but from a regard to the disgust which it might give, this severity was abandoned, and it was determined to proceed REMEMBRANCER, No. 70. more mildly with him; and that he should still only continue under his sequestration ab officio. Yet, in the midst of his troubles, he was not guilty of any thing that might bespeak him negligent, or wanting to his duty or calling. He took care of the estates belonging to his See, and exercised such functions as were permitted to him; occasionally performing the office of consecration to vacant bishoprics. Upon the occasion of the earthquake which happened in the beginning of the year 1580, he directed an order for prayers and humble devotion, and composed a prayer for families throughout his diocese; which was authorized and approved by the Council, and enjoined through him to be observed in all other dioceses. He was still employed in taking cognizance of recusants, and enforcing uniformity of religion throughout the country. In the Convocation which was held in the year 1580, an humble petition to the Queen was drawn up, praying the restoration of the Archbishop to his place. He then appears to have made submission in a form more acceptable to the Queen, upon which his suspension was removed and this submission was followed by a still more humble confession and declaration of himself, "beseeching her Highness not to impute his conduct to any obstinate intent of disobeying her Majesty; but only that he was moved in conscience to be an humble suitor to her Majesty, to be spared from being the special instrument in suppressing the said exercises. And to the intent her Majesty may think that he meant no disobedience in any maintenance of them to continue contrary to her commandment, praying her Majesty to be truly informed, how he himself did, in his own bishopric, and other peculiar jurisdictions, suffer no such exercises to be used after the time of her Majesty's said commandment." 4 G Even at this period, when his holy and exemplary life was drawing to a close, his great care and diligence in looking after matters relating to the Church-his concern for offences and scandal-his labour for peace-his justice and integrityhis tenderness of putting the inferior clergy to charges-his accuracy in business, notwithstanding his age, -were eminently conspicuous. He was now become blind, yet at first not without some hope of the recovery of his sight; but all hopes at last entirely vanished. Afflicted with this infirmity, he was very willing to be released from the cares of his station, and readily there. fore acquiesced in an intimation of the Queen's pleasure, conveyed to him by Piers, Bishop of Sarum, "that he should resign, and thereby enjoy her Majesty's favour, having an honourable pension assigned to him." He only asked permission to remain in possession until the Michaelmas following, when the audit of the See was kept, in order to have time for arranging his affairs, and leaving things well order. ed for his successor. He had indeed entertained some hopes of a return of the Queen's favour, particularly as she had lately sent him a new year's gift of a silver cup; but it appeared, on the contrary, that the Queen not only contiuued to require his resignation, but also thought not fit to grant him further time to resign than the Annunciation next ap-. proaching. Being apprized of this, he humbly submitted to her order; and moreover thanked her, "for that, of her gracious goodness she had made mention, as he was informed, of an honourable portion to be assigned unto him for his sustentation in those few and evil days, as he said, which he had yet to live." He had yet two petitions to make to the Queen one was, that she would grant him the house and grounds at Croydon, having not at that hour ny house of his own to put his head in, after he should remove from Lambeth"-the other was, that he might not be troubled after his resignation for dilapidations *. It happened, however, that his resignation was not compassed by the 25th of March. It was owing, it seems, to the virtuous refusal of Whitgift to enter upon that see as long as Grindal was alive-the Queen conse quently not being yet provided with a fit person to put in the office. While these proceedings were pending, the Archbishop (though quick and unimpaired in mind) was but in a bad condition of health, besides the loss of his sight; which indisposition partly prevented the further transaction of the business—so that he remained still in May, Archbishop: the eighth day of which month he made his last will and testament; wherein he styled himself Archbishop of Canterbury, whole in mind, and of perfect remembrance. By this will he endowed a free grammar school at his native parish of St. Begh's, in Cumberland, besides giving several other benefactions-to Pembroke Hall, and Magdalen and Christ's College, in Cambridge; to Queen's College, in Oxford; to the poor of Canterbury, Lambeth, Croydon, and St. Begh's. It was not two months after he made his will that the holy Archbishop concluded his life. For on the 6th day of July, spent with cares and labours for the good of the Church, after a very exemplary and useful life, he surrendered his soul to God, dying in his great climacteric year, sixty-three. He was buried, according to his * Dilapidations had been already a subject of grievance to him, as there was some disagreement between Archbishop Sandys and himself on account of them. †The first bequest in the will is to the Queen, of the New Testament in Greek, of Stevens's impression; of which Strype remarks, "This was a truly royal present, not only in respect of the book itself, whose author is the King of kings and Lord of lords, but in regard of the print, being one of the finest and correctest editions of the New Testament that ever was. desire, in the chancel of Croydon church; a monument was erected to him on the south side of the communion table, representing his figure in stone, lying at length, with the hands in the posture of praying; the eyes having a kind of white in the pupil, to denote his blindness. His face is represented as comely, with a long beard, somewhat forked and curling. He lived and died unmarried; the only male person of his family being William Grindal, who is mentioned in his will as his "servant.” All the rest of his kin were sister's children. He was of a mild and subdued temper, and friendly disposition; in his deportment courteous and affable; not irritable, nor soon angry; well spoken, and easy of access, and that even in his elation; always obliging in his carriage, loving and grateful to his servants, and of a free and liberal heart. His fear of God, and sincere love of religion, evidently appeared in his willingly foregoing of his own country, his ease, his presidentship in Pembroke Hall, his good prebends in the Churches of St. Paul and Westminster, and all his preferments and hopes, and living abroad in a strange land, that he might preserve his conscience, and serve God in purity and truth; cheerfully comporting with narrower and straiter circumstances of living. He was endued with that immutable constancy of mind in persisting in a thing which he reckoned his duty, that though the Queen's offence was so much to be dreaded, yet for the averting of it he would take no irregular course. His plain, yet humble refusal of the Queen's order to him, to put down the ministers' exercises, must be reckoned truly as one of the best passages of his life; more especially, as the conscientiousness of that refusal was shewn by his willingness to resign all his dignities, and return to a private life. Neither did this incompliance with the Queen proceed from any elation of mind, by reason of his high place or dignity: for such external, accidental things, made no change in his temper and disposition, which was ever at the same stay of meekness and gentleness. In subsequent times he has been thought to have held the reins too loose in respect to the puritanical faction, and has been vulgarly blamed for slackness in his government of Church affairs. But he best knew what courses were fittest to be pursued, who lived in those times, and could take counsel according to the present urgency of affairs: and when his mildness is objected to him, it must be remembered, that upon occasion that mildness was joined with severity too. And meek as he was in spirit, and most yielding to Christians of the meanest rank in the offices of charity, and where religion received no detriment, yet when the good of religion or the Church was implicated, he would be bold and free with persons of the highest quality, and give his counsel or reproof without fear or faint-heartedness; as was evident in his reproof of the Queen in the matter of the exercises. Thus, in the discharge of his high function, he lived and died unblamable-being a Prelate of truly apostolical spirit, and most primitive in all his conversation. He does not appear to have left much in print behind him; yet one tract, entitled A Dialogue between Custom and Truth, and contained in Fox's Acts and Monuments, which is attributed to him as the author, is worthy of notice; being written in a clear method, and with much rational evidence against the real, that is, the gross and corporal, presence in the sacrament. REVIEW OF NEW PUBLICATIONS. The Ministerial Character of Christ practically considered. By Charles R. Sumner, M.A. Domestic Chaplain and Librarian to his Majesty, and Prebendary of Worcester. 8vo. pp. 446. 10s. 6d. AGREEABLY familiar as our readers and ourselves have long been with the name of Sumner, it was with much satisfaction that we saw another bearer of it come before the public as an author, in behalf of the same holy cause which his brother had so zealously and so ably maintained. When we first heard the title of Mr. Charles Sumner's book, we conceived he had given us a companion to his brother's "Apostolical Preaching considered:" and we confess that we should not have been sorry to have found this idea realized. As it is, while he has contemplated our Lord only in his character of a prophet or teacher, he has confined himself also to a delineation of the manner, without examining the matter, of his personal preaching. This is unquestionably a subject of high importance and interest: and Mr. Sumner's treatment of it is every way worthy of a Christian minister. We shall now proceed to give our readers a somewhat more particular account of his work. The first chapter (which we can- ' not help thinking the least effective in the book, and so far unfortunately placed as giving in limine an erroneous impression of the whole performance) is mainly occupied in proving Christ's prophetical character-from the predictions of the Old Testament, from the testimony of Christ himself, of John the Baptist, of our Lord's Apostles and Disciples, and of the people at large, who heard his preaching, and witnessed his miracles. Now really Mr. Sumner does appear to us to have in this instance subjected himself to an unnecessary labour. Many and lamentable as have been, and still are, the differences and disputes among professed Christians respecting the person and office of Christ, this at least is a part of his character, which has never been called into question. That he came into the world as a prophet or teacher, all are agreed. Against forgetting that his office of prophet was subordinate to his office of priest, Mr. Sumner has wisely cautioned his readers. But we cannot but consider as too unqualified the observation, which Mr. Sumner, and his brother also in his Apostolical Preaching, have quoted with approbation from Macknight-that "the Son of God came from heaven, not to make the Gospel revelation, but to be the subject of it." "Not so much to make the Gospel revelation, as to be the subject of it," would have been a more correct position. This is one of the many instances where truth is sacrificed to point of expression. Into a somewhat similar error Mr. Sumner himself appears to have fallen, when in this chapter, p. 28. he asserts, that "Christ was more free in his communications in the single discourse with the Samaritan woman, than in all his discourses with his own countrymen, during the whole of his ministry." Now unless Mr. Sumner means to except the disciples of Jesus from this assertion, (which he has not done) we conceive it to be abundantly disproved by many of our Lord's conversations with them: at all events it will not easily be reconciled with the passage, Luke xxiv. 27. where we read that "beginning at Moses and all the prophets, he expounded unto" two of his disciples "in all the Scriptures the things concerning himself." Again, when Mr. Sumner, p. 48. says that "if we look at the Jewish teachers, we shall find them represented in the Bible either as dumb dogs, or as blind guides," ought he not to have made a reservation in favour of those prophets to whose ministerial faithfulness the Scriptures of truth have so often borne testimony? It was this faithfulness which feared not to rebuke those blind watchmen and dumb dogs. Is. lviii. 10.—Of the practical reflections which conclude this, as almost all the other chapters, the third and the fifth ought surely to have been comprehended under the same head. The one inculcates the duty of paying the most devout attention to Christ's teaching; the other the danger of neglecting it; the latter being the necessary and inseparable consequence of the for mer. For one Mr. Sumner quotes, "We ought to give the more earnest heed to the things which we have heard, lest at any time we should let them slip. For if the word spoken by angels was stedfast, and every transgression and disobedience received a just recompense of reward, how shall we escape, if we neglect so great salvation, which at the first began to be spoken by the Lord." Heb. ii. 1-3. For the other we have, "See that ye refuse not him that speaketh. For if they escaped not, who refused him that spake on earth, much more shall not we escape, if we turn away from Him that speaketh from heaven." Heb. xii. 25. Parallel passages surely, and belonging to the same class. We will endeavour to make up for the freedom of our remarks on this chapter, by extracting from the second practical reflection, the following justly-conceived and well-written passage for the gratification of our readers. "When Christ is considered as an Apostle, it obviously occurs to the mind, that in the person of the messenger, we see in some measure the very lineaments and moral representation of the Almighty Power from whom he was sent. The nature of the Divinity itself, to a certain extent, stands revealed to our view; and though no man hath seen the Father at any time, as just an idea is formed of the unapproachable Godhead as the understanding of man can receive.-In the conduct of human affairs, an ambassador invested with authority to transact the business of his principal, carries with him in his whole behaviour a deportment agreeable to the instructions of his superior; he speaks in the language and adopts the general character of the power whom he is commissioned to represent. We collect without difficulty, from the pacific or warlike tone of the party for whom he appears, are conceived in a friendly or hostile spirit.— Just such an ambassador is Christ between heaven and earth. We may gain a knowledge of the manner in which God regards mankind, from the character of him whom he sent from his bosom to propose terms of his demeanour, whether the intentions of reconciliation to them. Under the old dispensation he appeared to the world as a jealous God,―unapproachable by mortal presence, shrouded in the semblance of a burning fire, and encompassed with the terrors of the storm and whirlwind,whom none could see or hear, and live. But seen through the medium of Jesus, God is contemplated under a new character. He is no longer an avenging Judge, exacting the penalties of the Law, and demanding satisfaction for his offended justice; but a Father reconciled by an expiatory sacrifice of his own appointment, looking complacently on the renewed nature of his once lost children, and sending them through his Son a message of pardon and love. Former revelation had unfolded much of the majesty, and grandeur, and awfulness of God: but the declaration made of him by Christ is one which, while it detracts nothing from his sublimity and power, invests him at the same time with all the gentler attributes of tenderness and mercy." P. 42. The second and third chapters contain a luminous statement of the peculiarities in the ministry of Christ; whether incidental to his Divine Nature, or to the novelty of his Religion. And here Mr. Sumner has taken an opportunity of cautioning us against construing our Lord's silence respecting particular vices into a mitigation of their criminality, for want of taking into ac |