above related, viz., where King Solomon is said to have made a navy of ships in Ezion-gaber, which is nin, beside Eloth, on the shore of the Red Sea, in the land of Edom. Here it may be observed that the word which we render beside Eloth, should be rendered, together with Eloth; not denoting any vicinity between them, but that they were both of them ports of the Red Sea, in the land of Edom.

travels of the Israelites.

| ficult to determine the situation of this city, for want of a sufficient number of geographical data to proceed upon. In the old geography, Petra is placed one hundred and thirty-five miles to the eastward of Gaza, and four days' journey from Jericho, to the southward. But neither of these distances can be any ways accounted for; the first being too great, the other too deficient. For, as we may well suppose Petra to lie "From Ezion-gaber the Israelites turned back again near, or upon the borders of Moab, seven days' journey to Kadesh, with an intent to direct their marches that would be the least: the same that the three kings took way into the land of Canaan. But upon Edom's re- hither, 2 Kings iii. 9, (by fetching a compass, as we fusing to give Israel passage through his border, (Num. may imagine,) from Jerusalem, which was nearer to xx. 18,) they turned away from him to the right hand, that border than Jericho. However, at a medium, Petra as I suppose, toward Mount Hor, (Num. xx. 21,) which lay in all probability about the half way between the might lie to the eastward of Kadesh, in the road from south extremity of the Asphaltic lake, and the gulf of thence to the Red Sea; and as the soul of the children | Eloth, and may be therefore fixed near the confines of of Israel is said to have been here much discouraged the country of the Midianites and Moabites at seventy because of the way, it is very probable that Mount Hor miles distance from Kadesh, towards the north-east; was the same chain of mountains that are now called and eighty-five from Gaza, to the south. According Accaba by the Arabs, and were the easternmost range, to Josephus, it was formerly called Arce, which Boas we may take them to be, of Ptolemy's uɛhava opn chart supposes to be a corruption of Rekem, the true above described. Here, from the badness of the road, and ancient name. The Amalekiles, sa frequently and the many rugged passes that are to be surmounted, mentioned in Scripture, were once seated in the neighthe Mohammedan pilgrims lose a number of camels, bourhood of this place, who were succeeded by the and are no less fatigued than the Israelites were for- Nabathæans, a people no less famous in profane his merly in getting over them. I have already hinted, tory. From Mount Hor, the direction of their marches that this chain of mountains, the μehava opn of Ptole- through Zalmona, Punon, &c., seems to have been bemy, reached from Paran to Judea. Petra, therefore, tween the north and north-east. For it does not apaccording to its later name, the metropolis of this part pear that they wandered any more in the wilderness of Arabia, may well be supposed to lie among them, out of the direct way that was to conduct them through and to have been left by the Israelites on their left the country of Moab, (Num. xxxiii. 35-49,) into the land hand, in journeying toward Moab. Yet it will be dif- of promise.' -SHAW's Travels, chap. v., p. 304, &c.

499

A CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE

OF THE

PRINCIPAL EVENTS RECORDED IN THE BOOK OF EXODUS,

SHOWING IN WHAT YEAR OF THE WORLD, IN WHAT YEAR BEFORE CHRIST, IN WHAT YEAR FROM THE DELUGE, AND IN WHAT YEAR FROM THEIR DEPARTURE FROM EGYPT, EACH EVENT HAPPENED; INTERSPERSED WITH A FEW CONNECting circumSTANCES FROM PROFANE HISTORY, ACCORDING TO THE PLAN OF ARCHBISHOP usher.

A. M. B. C. 2365 1639

Levi, the third son of Jacob, dies in the 137th year of his age, chap. vi, 16.—N. B. This event is placed twenty years later by most chronologists, but I have followed the computation of Mr. Skinner and Dr. Kennicott. See the note on Gen. xxxi. 41. 2375 1629 About this time Acenchres, son of Orus, began to reign in Egypt, and reigned twelve years and one month.

An. Dil.

709

719

2385 1619 $387 1617

The Ethiopians, from the other side of the Indus, first settle in the middle of Egypt.
Rathotis, the brother of Acenchres, began about this time to reign over the Egyptians,
and reigned nine years.

729

731

2396 1608

Acencheres, the son of Rathotis, succeeds his father and reigns twelve years and six

months.

740

2400 1604

About this time it is supposed the Egyptians began to be jealous of the Hebrews, on
account of their prodigious multiplication.

744

2409 1595 2421 1583

Ancencheres succeeds Acencheres, and reigns twelve years and three months.
Armais succeeds Ancencheres, and reigns four years and one month.

753

765

About this time Kohath, the son of Levi, and grandfather of Moses, died in the 133d
year of his age; chap. vi. 18.-N. B. There are several years of uncertainty in
the date of this event.

2425 1579

2427 1577

Rameses succeeds Armais in the government, and reigns one year and four months.
Rameses Miamun succeeds Rameses, and reigns sixty-seven years.

769

771

2430 1574

Aaron, son of Amram, brother of Moses, born eighty-three years before the exodus of
the Israelites; chap. vi. 20; vii. 7.`

774

2431

1573

About this time Pharaoh (supposed to be the same with Rameses Miamun) published
an edict, ordering all the male children of the Hebrews to be drowned in the Nile,
chap. i. 22.

In this year, which was the eighteenth of Cecrops, the Chaldeans waged war with the
Phænicians.

809

2466 1538

About this time the Arabians subdued the Chaldeans, and took possession of their
country.

810

2473 1531

Moses, being forty years of age, kills an Egyptian, whom he found smiting a He-
brew; in consequence of which, being obliged to fly for his life, he escapes to the
land of Midian, where becoming acquainted with the family of Jethro, he marries
Zipporah; chap. ii. 11–22.

817

2474 1530 2494 1510

The birth of Caleb, the son of Jephunneh.

818

Rameses Miamun, king of Egypt, dies about this time in the sixty-seventh year of
his reign, and is succeeded by his son Amenophis, who reigns nineteen years and
six months.

838

2495 1509

The death of Amram, the father of Moses, is supposed to have taken place about this
time.

839

2513 1491

While Moses keeps the flock of Jethro at Mount Horeb, the Angel of God appears to
him in a burning bush, promises to deliver the Hebrews from their oppression in
Egypt, and sends him to Pharaoh to command him to let Israel go; chap. iii.
Aaron and Moses assemble the elders of Israel, inform them of the Divine purpose, and
then go to Pharaoh and deșire him, in the name of the God of the Hebrews, to let
the people go three days' journey into the wilderness to hold a feast unto the Lord.
Pharaoh is enraged, and increases the oppression of the Israelites; chap. v.
Aaron throws down his rod, which becomes a serpent. The Egyptian magicians
imitate this miracle; chap. vii.

Pharaoh refusing to let the Israelites go, God sends his FIRST plague upon the Egyp-
tians, and the waters are turned into blood; chap. vii. 19-25.

857

CHRONOLOGY TO EXODUS.

Pharaoh remaining impenitent, God sends immense numbers of frogs, which infest the
whole land of Egypt. This was the SECOND plague; chap. viii. 1-7.
This plague not producing the desired effect, God sends the THIRD plague, the dust of
the ground becoming lice on man and beast; chap. viii. 16-20,
Pharaoh's heart still remaining obdurate, God sends the FOURTH plague upon the na-
tion, by causing great swarms of flies to cover the whole land; chap. viii. 20–32.
The Egyptian king still refusing to dismiss the Hebrews, God sends his FIFTH plague,
which is a universal murrain or mortality among the cattle; chap. ix. 1-7.
This producing no good effect, the SIXTH plague of boils and blains is sent; chap.
ix. 8-12.

Pharaoh still hardening his heart, God sends the SEVENTH plague, viz., a grievous hail
which destroyed the whole produce of the field; chap. ix. 22-26.

This, through Pharaoh's obstinacy, proving ineffectual, the EIGHTH plague is sent,
immense swarms of locusts, which devour the land; chap. x. 1–20.

Pharaoh refusing to submit to the Divine authority, the NINTH plague, a total dark-
ness of three days' continuance, is spread over the whole land of Egypt; chap.
x. 21-24.

Pharaoh continuing to refuse to let the people go, God institutes the rite of the pass-
over, and sends the TENTH plague upon the Egyptians, and the first-born of man
and beast died throughout the whole land. This was in the fourteenth night of the
month Abib. The Israelites are driven out of Egypt, chap. xii. 1-36; and carry
Joseph's bones with them; chap. xiii. 19.

An. Dil.

857

An. Dil. An. Ex. Isr. 857 1.

2513 1491 The Israelites march from Succoth to Etham; thence to Pi-hahiroth, the Lord
guiding them by a miraculous pillar; chap. xiii. 20-22; xiv. 1, 2.
Towards the close of this month, Pharaoh and the Egyptians pursue the
Israelites; God opens a passage for these through the Red Sea, and they
pass over as on dry land, which the Egyptians essaying to do, are all
drowned; chap. xiv; Heb. ix. 29. ·

The Israelites come to Marah, and murmur because of the bitter waters;
Moses is directed to throw a certain tree into them, by which they are
rendered sweet; chap. xv. 23-25.

About the beginning of this month the Israelites come to Elim; chap.

XV. 27.

On the fifteenth day of this month the Israelites come to the desert of Sin,
where, marmuring for want of bread, quails are sent, and manna from hea-
ven; chap. xvi.

Coming to Rephidim they murmur for want of water, and God supplies this
want by miraculously bringing water out of a rock in Horeb, chap.
xvii. 1-7.

The Amalekites attack the Israelites in Rephidim, and are discomfited; chap.
xvii. 8-16.

The Israelites come to the wilderness of Sinai. God calls Moses up to the
mount, where he receives the ten commandments and other precepts; chap.
xix.-xxiv.: is instructed how to make the tabernacle; xxv.-xxviii. Aaron
and his sons are dedicated to the priest's office; chap. xxviii.
Moses delaying to come down from the mount, the people make a molten calf,
and worship it. Moses, coming down, sees their idolatry, is distressed,
and breaks the tables; three thousand of the idolaters are slain; and, at
the intercession of Moses, the rest of the people are saved from destruction;
chap. xxxii.

Moses is again called up into the mount, where God renews the covenant, and
writes the two tables afresh. Moses desires to see the Divine glory; his
request is partially granted; chap. xxxiii. 18-23; xxxiv: 1-27.
Moses, after having been in the mount forty days and forty nights, during
which time he ate nothing, comes down with the two tables of stone: his
face shines so that he is obliged to cover it with a veil; chap. xxiv. 29-35.
2514 1490 From this time to the month Adar, including Marcheshvan, Cisleu, Thebet, and
Sebat; Bezaleel, Aholiab, and their assistants are employed in constructing
the tabernacle, &c., according to the pattern delivered to Moses on the
mount; chap. xxxvi.-xxxix.

On the first of this month, being the first month of the second year after their

Abib.

Ijar or

Zif.

- Sivan.

Ab.

Elul.

858 Tisri

A. M. B. C.

CHRONOLOGY OF ANCIENT KINGDOMS.

departure from Egypt, the tabernacle is reared up, and Aaron and his sons
set apart for the priest's office; chap. xl. 17-32.-N. B. The ceremonies
attending this consecration form the chief part of the following book,
LEVITICUS.

2514 1490 Jethro brings Zipporah and her two sons to Moses in the wilderness, and
gives him wholesome directions concerning the best mode of governing the
people, which Moses thankfully accepts, and God approves; chap. xviii.,
and see the notes there,

An. Dil. An. Ex.

A TABLE of the THREE GREAT EPOCHS, A. M., B. C., and the JULIAN PERIOD, synchronized with the reigns of the sovereigns of the four principal monarchies; viz., Egypt, Sicyon, the Argivi, and the Athenians, from the death of Jacob, A. M. 2315, to the erection of the tabernacle, A. M. 2514, by which any event in the preceding Chronological Table may be referred to its corresponding year of the reign of any of the above sovereigns.

E. G. To find out the year of the birth of Moses, inspect the preceding table, by which it appears he was born A. M. 2433, B. C. 1571, and from the DELUGE 777. Then look in the following table for A. M. 2433, where it appears that this event took place in the year of the Julian Period 3143—the 7th of Rameses Miamun, king of Egypt—the 46th of Orthopolis, king of Sicyon-the 17th of Phorbas, king of the Argivi-and the 15th before the reign of Cecrops, king of the Athenians.