Imágenes de páginas
PDF
EPUB

7. "Well, then," continued the old man, "if you see these things so clearly, I hope you can see, too, that knowledge, to be a good thing, must be rightly applied. God's grace in the heart will render the knowledge of the head a blessing; but, without this, it may prove to us no better than a curse."-"I see! I see! I see!" said the little man; "I see !"

CXLIV. ON READING WELL.

1. IN the delivery of their own feelings, opinions and wishes, by speech, in their ordinary intercourse with one another, all men are elocutionists. In earnest conversa

tion, we all feel what we say; and, consequently, even the most ignorant person may at times so emphasize his words, or elevate and lower the tones of his voice, as to produce some of the effects of cloquence.

2. It is when people begin to read aloud the sentiments and opinions of others, that they depart from this natural eloquence, and sink into a listless, monot'onous drawl, without grace, modulation, emphasis, or energy.

3. The first requisite for good reading, therefore, is to feel what the author says. If you will labor to understand his meaning, and then articulate distinctly, and bestow your pauses and emphasis aright, you will conquer nine tenths of the difficulties in the way.

4. A person may, however, fully comprehend the meaning of what he is to read, and yet, from a bad mode of managing his voice,— from an impure articulation or inaccurate pronunciation,- he may fail to please, or even to be understood.

5. Good reading or speaking may be considered as that species of delivery which not only expresses the sense of the words so as to be merely understood, but, at the same time, gives them all the force, beauty and variety, of which they are susceptible.

6. The best posture for reading aloud is an upright, standing one. In sitting, the muscles of the chest cannot work so freely. If your posture is a sluggish, unhandsome one, your reading will be likely to resemble it. A reader must be in earnest, and must show it by his attitude.

7. I hope you will not undervalue the importance of reading and speaking well. It is by the power of speech that we are mainly distinguished from the brutes. How important to cultivate a faculty so noble and so powerful for good uses! How important to acquire in early youth an accurate habit of articulation, and lay the foundation for those graces of elocution, which, under good instruction, practice will supply!

8. To read and speak with elegance and ease

Are arts polite that never fail to please;

Yet in those arts how very few excel !

[ocr errors]

Ten thousand men may read - not one read well.
Though all mankind are speakers in a sense,
How few can soar to heights of eloquence!
The sweet melodious singer trills her lays,
And listening crowds go frantic in her praise;
But he who reads or speaks with feeling true
Charms and delights, instructs and moves us, too.

PART III.

ΑΝ

EXPLANATORY INDEX

OF

WORDS MARKED FOR REFERENCE WITH THE INITIALS EI IN THE
PRECEDING PAGES; ALSO OF NAMES OF AUTHORS, &c.

AC-COD'TRE (ac-coot'er), to dress.

ACTION. A person is said to bring an ac-
tion when he appeals to the laws to do
him right.

AD'AGE, an old saying; a proverb.
ADDISON, JOSEPH, a celebrated English
writer, born 1672; died 1719. Extracts
from his writings, pages 57, 90, 134.
AFRIC, a poetical name for Africa.
AG-GRESS'OR, one who begins an attack.
AL-GERIA, the name given to Algiers since
its occupation by the French.

ALLAH, the Arabic name of the Supreme
Being.

ALPHA-BET, the letters of a language. The
name is borrowed, from the Greek lan-
guage, in which alpha, beta, are the first

two letters.

AMERICA, THE DISCOVERY OF, page 96.
ANDERSEN, a Danish writer, page 55.
ANON. An abbreviation of Anonymous,
meaning without a name. There is an
adverb anon, meaning quickly.
AR'CHI-TECT (ar'ki-tekt), a professor of the
art of building.
A-RITHMETIC, the science of numbers. It is
from a Greek word, meaning the art of
numbering.

AR'MOR-ER, on board of a ship, the person
who takes care of the arms.
AS-KANCE, sideways; toward one corner of
the eye.

ATE, the preterite of the verb to eat. It is
pronounced ate by Webster and Worces-
ter; et, by Smart and others.
AT-TEN'U-ATED, made thin or slender.
AY. This adverb, meaning yes, is ex-
pressed by the first elementary sound
(see p. 11) and the fifth, thus, ae. Do not
confxand this word with aye, meaning
always.

BAG'DAD, a city of Asiatic Turkey on the
river Tigris; formerly the capital of the
great empire of the caliphs.
BAYLY, T. H., an English poet, born 1797;
died 1839. The Veteran, by, 119.
BELGRADE, the capital of the principality of
Servia, in Turkey.

BOTANY BAY, a bay of the Pacific Ocean,
on the east coast of Australia.

BOU-AKAS. Pronounced Boo-a'kas; the
first a like that in father. See p. 136.
Bou-LOGNE (boo-lon), a seaport town of
France, on the English Channel.

BRAKE, a place overgrown with shrubs and* -
brambles.

BRU'IN, a familiar name given to the bear;
from the French brun, brown.

Bror (bwoy), a floating mark. On ship-
board the pronunciation is boy.
BURG'LAR, a thief that enters a house by
night.

CADI (ka'de), a Turkish judge.
CALIPH (kalif), the title of certain sover-
eigns, who succeeded Mohammed.
CA-NINE' (ka-nine'), pertaining to a dog.
CAP'SU-LA, a capsule; the seed-vessel of a
plant.

CHAMBERS, ROBERT, a Scottish writer and
publisher. Extract from, p. 75.
CHANNING, WM. E., a celebrated American
clergyman, born 1780; died 1842. Ex-
tract from, p. 160.

CHANT-I-CLEER, a cock; a loud crower.
CHATHAM, LORD, a great English orator,
born in 1708; died in 1778. Extract
from, page 158. His son, to whom he
addressed the advice on page 146, was the
renowned Wm. Pitt.

CHILD, MRS. L. M., an American writer.
Extracts from, 83, 126.

writer.

COL'ONISTS, a body of people who go from
the mother country to till and inhabit
some distant place.
COOK, CLARENCE, an American
Abram and Zimri, by, p. 167.
COM-BUS'TI-BLE, capable of being burnt.
COM-PEN-SA'TION, amends.
COM-PET'ITOR, one who strives for a thing
with another.

CON-STAN-TI-NO'PLE, the capital of the Turk-
ish empire.

CowPER, WM., one of the best of English
poets, born 1731; died 1800. Extract
from, 46.

CRI-ME'A, a peninsula in the southern part
of Russia. Pronounced by Webster, Cri'-

me-a.

CRIT'I-CIZE, to judge; to play the critic.
CRO'CUS, an early flower, of which there are

several varieties, yellow, white, purple and blue. It is very hardy, appearing in spring soon after the snow has melted. CROTCH, a hook; the fork of a tree. CUB, the young of a bear or fox. CUL/PRIT, an offender against the law. CUTH (koot), a village in the north of France.

DAGUERRE (dah-gair'), a Frenchman; one of the inventors of the daguerreotype. DAISY (da'ze), a spring flower, called by the old English poets day's eye, whence its present name.

DARLING, GRACE. See an account of, page

62.

DER'VIS, a Turkish monk.

DES-POT'IC, absolute; arbitrary.
DIA-MOND, the most valuable of all gems.
Sometimes pronounced di'mond.
DIOGENES (di-oj'e-nės), surnamed the Cyn-
ic; a celebrated philosopher of ancient
Greece.

DIPHTHONG (pronounced dif'thong by Webster, dip'thong by Walker), a union of two vowels in one sound.

DIS-IN-GEN'U-OUS-NESS, unfairness ; mean cunning.

DI-VERGE', to tend various ways from one point.

DOCILE (dos'sil; though Webster says do'sil), teachable.

Dock, the place where a criminal stands in court.

DODDRIDGE, PHILIP, an English clergyman, born 1702; died 1751. Poetry by, p. 69.

DRAMA, or drăm'a, a theatrical entertainment.

DROUGHT (see paragraph 65, page 21), dryness; want of rain.

EL-O-CUTION, the power of speech generally; pronunciation or delivery. ELWOOD, poetry by, page 180. EP'I-CURE, a person fond of luxurious living.

ERE (pronounced are, rhyming with care), before sooner than. This word, being pronounced like e'er, a contraction of ever, is sometimes confounded with it. EX-TRAOR'DI-NA-RY (eks-tror'de-na-re), not ordinary; unusual.

FA-CE'TIOUS, witty; lively.

properties of measured space. It lite rally means the art of measuring the earth.

GERHARDT, a German writer. Poetry by,

113.

GILFILLAN, R., a Scottish poet. See his

Hymn to the Setting Sun, page 198. GILPIN, WILLIAM, an English clergyman, born 1724; died 1803. Extract from, 87. GOLDSMITH, OLIVER, a favorite writer, born in Ireland in 1731; died 1774. Extract from, p. 175.

GoULD, HANNAH F., an American writer.
The Crocus, by, p. 120.
GRIMM, a German writer for the young. See
p. 35.

HAM'MOCK, a swinging bed.

HAYLEY, WILLIAM, an English poet, born in 1745, died 1820. He was the friend and biographer of Cowper. See verses by him on page 66.

HEBER, REGINALD, Bishop of Calcutta, was born in England in 1783, died in 1826. The Spring Journey, by, p. 57. HEIGHT, Summit, ascent. The word is spelled hight by Webster.

HERB. This word is pronounced erb by Walker and Webster; herb by Smart, Sheridan, and others.

IIOмI-CIDE, a man-slayer; also the killing of a man by the hand of man. Homicide may be legally justifiable, as where a man slays another in self-defence; but homicide with premeditated malice is mur

der.

HOWITT, MARY, an English lady, who has written much, and well, for the young. For poems by her, see pages 49, 63, 90, 96.

HOWITT, Wм., an English writer, the husband of Mary. The Wind in a Frolic, by, 82.

IIULK, the body of a ship; an old vessel. HUM'BLE. Both Webster and Worcester are in favor of sounding the h in this word. But some authorities drop it. The best modern usage retains the sound of the h. IIU'MOR.

Webster and Enfield retain the sound of the h in this word; Walker and Worcester pronounce it yu-mur.

IM-PE'RI-AL, relating to an empire or an emperor.

FAIN, glad, or gladly. It may be either an IM-PER-TURB'A-BLE, that cannot be dis

adjective or an adverb.

FAIR, a stated market.

FIRTH, a frith or strait of the sea.
FLEDGLING, a young bird just fledged.
Fo'ccs, the point of convergence, where the
rays of light meet.
FRACTIOUS, Cross, peevish.

FRANC, a French coin, the value of which is
about nineteen cents.
FRUC-TI-FI-CA'TION, the act of bearing fruit.
FUS TIAN (fust'yan), a kind of coarse cloth.
The word also means a high-swelling,
worthless style of speech.

E-OM'E-TRY, the science which treats of the

turbed.

IMPORT (im-port), to bring from abroad.
IM-POR-TUNED', teased, solicited.
IM-POV'ER-ISHED, made poor.
IN-CENTIVE, a motive, inducement, spur.
IN-CLEMENT. severe, cold, stormy.
IN'DI-GENT (in'di-jent), poor, needy.
IN-FAL'LI-BLE, not capable of erring; cer.
tain.

IN-GE'NIOUS, skilful; able.
IN-TENSE', strained; having the powers in-
creased to excess; ardent.
IN-VOL'UN-TA-RI-LY, not by choice or will.
IN-VOL'UN-TA-RY, not voluntary; not wik
ling.

IRVING, WASHINGTON, a distinguished Amer- | MON'O-SYL-LA-BLE, a word of only one sy ican writer, born in the city of New lable.

York, in 1783. Scott and his Dogs, by, MORE, HANNAH, an English authoress 88. Early Habits of Washington, 188. born 1744; died 1833. See pp. 144,

KAM-TSCHATK'A, a peninsula projecting
from the north-eastern parts of Asia into
the Pacific Ocean. It belongs to Russia.
KO-PECK', a Russian coin, about the value
of a cent.
KRUMMACHER, a German clergyman. Ex-
tract from, 120.

a

LACEDEMONIANS (las-se-de-mo'ni-anz),
people of ancient Greece, celebrated for
their independence and frugal habits.
LACK'EY, a servant; a foot-boy.
LAIRD, a Scottish name for the lord of a
manor or landed estate.

LA'MA, a South American quadruped, used
as a beast of burden. It feeds on grass
and herbs.

LAMB, MISS, an English writer. The Blind
Girl, by, page 101.

LEA (18), a meadow; a pasture.
LEDYARD, JOHN. See page 200.
LEG'IS-LA-TURE (led'jis-lat-yur), a body of
men in a state or kingdom, having power
to make or alter the laws.
LE'-NI-EN-CY, mildness; mercifulness.
LEYDEN, JOHN, a Scotch poet, born 1755;
died 1806. Poem by, 85.

LIEGE (lē-azh'), a city of Belgium.

[merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small]

LIEUTENANT. Pronounced lü-ten'ant, lef- PARDOE, MISS, an English writer. See p.

ten'ant, or lěv-ten'ant.
LIVER-Y, a particular garb or dress.
LON-GEV I-TY (lon-jev'i-ty), length of life;
long life.

LU'NAR, relating to the moon. From the
Latin word luna, the moon.
LYONS (li'onz), a famous manufacturing city
of France.

LYTTON, SIR E. BULWER, an English poet,
writer, and statesman. Poem by, p. 174.

[merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small]

151.

PARK, MUNGO, a celebrated Scottish travel-
ler, born 1771; died 1805. See an ex
tract from his travels in Africa, page 199.
PAR'LIA-MENT (par'le-ment), the legislative
assembly of Great Britain and Ireland.
PA'TRI-ARCH, the head of a family. The
reference, page 69, is to Genesis, chapter
32, verses 24, 25, 26, &c.
PEN'DENT, hanging; jutting over.
PENN, WILLIAM, was born in London in

1644, and died 1718. He attached himself early in life to the society of Friends, or Quakers. From him the State of Penn sylvania has its name. See a dialogue, extracted from an account of his life, page 162. He was kept in prison six months for preaching on the occasion referred to. PET'AL, a flower-leaf, as distinguished from the leaf of the plant.

PIERRE LA RAMEE. Pronounced Peer-lah-
Rah-ma'. See page 127.

born in Athens, 429 years before Christ. PLOUGH. This word is often spelled plow. PORTUGUESE (por-tu-geez'), belonging to Portugal.

PRE-SERVES', places set apart for the preservation of game.

MAN DI-BLE, the jaw; a term applied to the PLATO, a celebrated Greek philosopher, upper pair of jaws in insects. MANŒUVRE (ma-nū'ver), a stratagem. MAN'U-SCRIPT, a written book or paper. MARRYAT, CAPTAIN, an English nautical writer. Extract from, page 147. MENAGERIE (men-azh'er-e), a collection of foreign animals; a place for them. ME-THOUGHT, an old phrase for I thought. MIN'IS-TER. In England the high oflicers of the government are called ministers. MITFORD, MISS, an English writer, born 1785; died 1855. Poem by, 86. MOD-U-LATION, the regulation of the voice. MONK (můnk), a religious recluse.

PRIOR, the head of a monastery, or place
where monks reside.
PRI-VA-TEER', a private armed ship.
PROB'I-TY, honesty; truthfulness.
PRO-PUL'SION, the act of driving forward.
PRO-VIN'CIAL, belonging to a province; rude,
unfashionable.

PUN-CHI-NEL'LO, a buffoon; a punch.

« AnteriorContinuar »