Analysis

Direction. Before analyzing these sentences, classify them, and justify the terminal marks of punctuation:

1. There are no accidents in the providence of God.

2. Why does the very murderer, his victim sleeping before him, and his glaring eye taking the measure of the blow, strike wide of the mortal part?

3. Suffer not yourselves to be betrayed with a kiss. (The subject is you understood.)

4. How wonderful is the advent of spring!

5. Oh! a dainty plant is the ivy green!

6. Six days shalt thou labor and do all thy work.

7. Alexander the Great died at Babylon in the thirtythird year of his age.

8. How sickness enlarges the dimensions of a man's self to himself!

9. Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain.

10. Lend me your ears.

11. What brilliant rings the planet Saturn has!

12. What power shall blanch the sullied snow of character?

13. The laws of nature are the thoughts of God.

14. How beautiful was the snow, falling all day long, all night long, on the roofs of the living, on the graves of the dead!

15. Who, in the darkest days of our Revolution, carried your flag into the very chops of the British Channel, bearded the lion in his den, and woke the echoes of old Albion's hills by the thunders of his cannon and the shouts of his triumph?

LESSON 47

MISCELLANEOUS EXERCISES IN REVIEW

Analysis

1. Poetry is only the eloquence and enthusiasm of religion. Wordsworth.

2. Refusing to bare his head to any earthly potentate, Richelieu would permit no eminent author to stand bareheaded in his presence. Stephen.

3. The Queen of England is simply a piece of historic heraldry; a flag, floating grandly over a Liberal ministry yesterday, over a Tory ministry to-day. Conway.

4. The vulgar intellectual palate hankers after the titillation of foaming phrase. - Lowell.

5. Two mighty vortices, Pericles and Alexander the Great, drew into strong eddies about themselves all the glory and the pomp of Greek literature, Greek eloquence, Greek wisdom, Greek art. De Quincey.

6. Reason's whole pleasure, all the joys of sense, lie in three words-health, peace, and competence. - Pope. 7.* Extreme admiration puts out the critic's eye. Tyler.

8. The setting of a great hope is like the setting of the sun. Longfellow.

9. Things mean, the Thistle, the Leek, the Broom of the Plantagenets, become noble by association. — F. W. Robertson.

10. Prayer is the key of the morning and the bolt of the night. Beecher.

*Weighty thoughts tersely expressed, like (7), (8), and (10) in this Lesson, are called Epigrams. What quality do you think they impart to one's style?

11.* In that calm Syrian afternoon, memory, a pensive Ruth, went gleaning the silent fields of childhood, and found the scattered grain still golden, and the morning sunlight fresh and fair. Curtis.

LESSON 48

MISCELLANEOUS EXERCISES IN REVIEW

Analysis

1. By means of steam man realizes the fable of Eolus's bag, and carries the two-and-thirty winds in the boiler of his boat. - Emerson.

2. The Angel of Life winds our brains up once for all, then closes the case, and gives the key into the hands of the Angel of Resurrection. Holmes.

3. I called the New World into existence to redress the balance of the Old. Canning.

4. The prominent nose of the New Englander is evidence of the constant linguistic exercise of that organ. Warner.

5. Every Latin word has its function as noun or verb or adverb ticketed upon it. Earle.

6. The Alps, piled in cold and still sublimity, are an image of despotism. Phillips.

* In Ruth of this sentence, we have a type of the metaphor called Personification—a figure in which things are raised above their proper plane, taken up toward or to that of persons. Things take on dignity and importance as they rise in the scale of being.

Note, moreover, that in this instance of the figure we have an Allusion. All the interest that the Ruth of the Bible awakens in us this allusion gathers about so common a thing as memory.

7. I want my husband to be submissive without looking So. Gail Hamilton.

8. I love to lose myself in other men's minds. - Lamb. 9. Cheerfulness banishes all anxious care and discontent, soothes and composes the passions, and keeps the soul in a perpetual calm. Addison.

10. To discover the true nature of comets has hitherto proved beyond the power of science.

Explanation. Beyond the power of science = impossible, and is therefore an attribute complement. The preposition beyond shows the relation, in sense, of power to the subject phrase.

11. Authors must not, like Chinese soldiers, expect to win victories by turning somersets in the air. - Longfellow.

Direction.

LESSON 49*

REVIEW OF PUNCTUATION

Give the reasons, so far as you have been taught, for the marks of punctuation used in Lessons 44, 46, 47, and 48.

LESSON 50*

REVIEW

TO THE TEACHER. See suggestions, Lesson 16.

Direction. Review from Lesson 37 to Lesson 46, inclusive. Give, in some such way as we have outlined in preceding

*See note on page 9 of preface.

Review Lessons, the substance of the "Introductory Hints;" repeat and illustrate definitions and rules; illustrate the different uses of the participle and the infinitive, and illustrate the Caution regarding the use of the participle; illustrate the different ways in which words and phrases may be grammatically independent, and the punctuation of these independent elements.

TO THE TEACHER. If, from lack of time or from the necessity of conforming to a prescribed course of study, it is found desirable to abridge these Lessons on Arrangement and Contraction, the exercises to be written may be omitted, and the pupil may be required to illustrate the positions of the different parts, in both the Usual and the Transposed order, and then to read the examples given, making the required changes orally.

The eight following Lessons may thus be reduced to two or three.

Let us recall the Usual Order of words and phrases in a simple declarative sentence.

The verb follows the subject, and the object complement follows the verb.

Example. Drake circumnavigated the globe.

Direction. Observing this order, write three sentences each with an object complement.

An adjective or a possessive modifier precedes its noun, and an explanatory modifier follows it. *See note on page 9 of preface.