ductive of the many good confequences our Author modeftly enumerates. But how can this be done in detachments? fince by the Rofter fome regiments may give an Officer, and fome not; fome may fend more men, and others fewer. -WWe agree with our Author in his fentiments (chap. ix,) of the advantages that would redound from each regiment's having fo many field pieces to attend it, to be managed by the "regimental officers and foldiers, Toward the end of the laft war, each battalion, by the Duke's orders, had artillery; and fome of the battalion-men were inftructed in the management of the great guns. - O dhaná s le cuirsy.352.

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In chapter x. are fonie good hints with regard to the inftitution of a regimental Gunsmith; and to lighter accoutrements* and in chapters xi, and xi, the duties of a Corporal and Serjeant are pretty, fully defcribed. For these our Author has been moftly obliged to M. Bombelle's Service de Infanterie. The xiiith chapter begins with an accurate defcription of the academy founded by the Emprefs-Queen at Neuftadt, under the fuperintendence of Counts Daun and Theirheim. We should be forry to fee fuch a school established in Britain that Athenian was wife, who reproved the joy his countrymen expreffed, for the finishing a fort at the pyreum, by telling them, that what they then were fo glad of, would, in the end, be turned to their deftruction. The remainder of this chapter is very important, and ought to be read by, vat leaft, all young Officers; for much we fear, that the defcription given by the late Marthal Saxe, of the manner in which the French Officers pafs their time in country quar ters, is but too applicable to our own, with the addition of drunkenness: a vice to which the French Officers are no ways addicted, te hapitorio A

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It is a very falfe and dangerous notion, that the profeffion of arms, has nothing to do with books. The foldier has much time on his hands, and if he does not read, it is either wafted away in idle fauntering, or diffipated in debauchery. Study, therefore, ought, in a particular manner, to be recommended to our military Gentlemen, Books have fometimes formed, and always have improved, the General. One who perufes the great actions of a Xenophon, or a Cæsar, and catches the fpirit of thofe illuftrious writers, can hardly ever prove a daftard. One that reads the ftratagems of a Polyænus and

* In time of war, our foldiers carry each near 90 pounds weight! which, furely, is too much for a march of any length.

Frontinus,

Frontinus, will earn to form in his mind, all poffible contingencies, and will never be at a lofs for expedients. Our Au

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aware of this and, from Santa Cruz, and Buonamici, recommends the Mufes to the foldier. They, indeed, humanize ferocity, and make that to flow from principle which was formerly brute impulfe. We are forry, however, to find, that our Author thinks the knowlege of the Greek tongue unnecessary to an Officer. L. Had he been as well acquainted with that language, as he is with the French, he would have talked in another ftrain it was the language of free-born Heroes, and, therefore, fhould feem better fuited to the genius of a British Officer.

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But to proceed; there are fome good things in his chapters entitled, Of Captains, of Majors, of Lieutenant-Colonels, of Colonels, of General-Officers. We wonder he did not affign a chapter also to that neceffary Officer an Adjutant.What he cites from Monf. de Efpagnac, upon Honour and Courage, (chap. 20, 21.) cannot be read with too much attention: and if his inftructions for Officers commanding detachments on a march, (chap. 22.) had been punctually practifed on a late occafion, Britain had faved much expence of blood, and her foldiers had not fled before an inferior, and favage enemy. PPO 451

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Nor are his precautions with regard to Convoys, Ambuscades, Out-Guards, Garrifon-Towns, and the method of Fortifying a Church, Village, &c. lefs important. These are marked with inverted Commas: (his own obfervations, too, are diftinguifhed in that manner) but our Author honeftly owns, that he is indebted for what he has delivered on these 30. fubjects, to Santa Cruz, and the Ingenieur de Campagne. (The laft chapter, on Caftrametation, is chiefly extracted from Le Blond's Arithmetique, and Geometrie de P Officier; and concludes with the Meafurement of a Camp for a Battalion, as practifed in 1755, by Lord Rothes, in Ireland: where this book was firft publifhed, as she shower

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Upon the whole, it appears to us, that tho' this gentleman is a modeft, he is not the lefs an intelligent, writer; and that there is no doubt but his work will be found useful to every rank of military men.

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For OCTOBER, 1756.

POLITICA L.

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N Appeal to the Senfe of the People, on the prefent Pofture of Affairs. Wherein the Nature of the late Treaties are enquired into, and the Conduct of the Mry, with regard to M-n-ca, &c. is confidered; with fome Remarks upon the Light in which thefe, and other public Affairs, have been lately reprefented. 8vo. Is. Hookham.

As the free difcuffion of public affairs is the privilege, we had like to have said the prerogative of every free nation, so there never was a period, perhaps, when it was exercifed in a more smple manner, than at prefent in England. After a deep fleep, and dead filence, for a confiderable interval, the groans of the prefs are heard from every quarter, and the pamphlet fhops filled with the products of its labours: every measure, and every mifcarriage is publicly arraigned, by perfons pleading, or pretending to plead, the Caufe of their Country; and what muft contribute greatly to the difcovery and eftablishment of Truth, the friends and followers of the Adminiftration, condefcend, at length, to reply. Of this we had one proof in our laft, and the piece now 2 before us, prefents us with another: the Author of which is not only well inftructed, but well qualified to make the most of his caufe; his ftile being easy and natural; his manner, for neral, temperate; his method well adapted to his purpofe; his 'expedients ingenious and acute, and his fubject matter of lo folatory a nature, that one cannot help withing every word he writes to be true.

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What he undertakes, is to fhew the whole fcheme of our operations, fo far as a private man may comprehend it; and that, from the whole fo laid together, all the objections which have been raited to the detached parts, (and which could not have been raised, were they not induftriously feparated, fhewn out of their natural order, and confounded with other things, wholly foreign to them) will vanish of themselves.

He then gives his own conception of the firft part of qur fcheme, in the following terms:

To bind down the arms of France on the Continent, by a fchain of judicious alliances.

Secondly, To cut off the refources of our enemy, by de* ftroying their trade and feizing their feamen.

Thirdly, To fecure ourselves from an invafion, by a powerful fquadron in our own ports; and, at the fame time, to block up the French navy in their ports, to prevent more effectually their defigns either on Ireland or America.

Fourthly

Fourthly, To fend fuch a force into America as might con clufively turn the ballance in that part of the world in our fa

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rate frength, a scfecure the vefideration, to a fiege

of twenty-four days; to fecure the very Being of a nation, and of twenty-four days; to of the war But in reality the place the molt valuable objects of

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held out thirty days longer than this furtheft unforeseen period of its relief and fuppofing the relief fo contrived as to arrive no earlier than this period, is it a very extraordinary prefumption to reckon upon fuch a place's holding out only half the time it was actually maintained? And longer the fleet, even ⚫ under this Commander, could not have been delayed: But that the fleet performed no effectual fervice; that the place was not relieved, and that the Admiral did not act conformably to his country's expectations, is but too true. But what had this to do with the original Defign? certainly nothing.

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But why, fay they, fhould this man at all been employed? Let me in my turn afk, why he fhould not have been employed? Who of all thofe Gentlemen who are now grown fo wife by the event of things, then objected to him? Why should not he have been employed, who was bred from his infancy to maritime affairs, had a fkill undifputed, a courage unqueftioned, and an honour untainted, till that fatal day? who had his own reputation, the example of an heroic father, and the honour of a noble family, before his eyes to excite him to his duin a command which he himself had follicited? Had his follicitation been rejected; had this command been given to another, and had he unhappily failed, as this man has, the tide ⚫ of declamation had run more violently the other way; and thefe promifing circumftances, which feemed to mark him out for playing a noble part on a theatre, where his father had acted fo glorioufly, had been founded every where to the difgrace of a Miniftry which had the blindness to neglect fuch an apparent defignation. But objections of the weakest kind are admitted against expeditions which want fuccefs; fuch is that of Mr. Byng's not having had a fufficient force: But it must never be allowed, that we ought not to reckon on Mr. Edgecombe's fquadron as next to certain; for we must always reckon that an Officer will do his duty, as Mr. Edgcombe did his; and that, therefore, he would, in all probability, quit Mahon as early as poffible, to join the fquadron he must have expected, and did expect, to fail to its relief: But if ten of the ableft, beft appointed fhips, that ever failed out of Britain, with this reinforcement, are not ot able to engage with assurance of fuccefs, twelve French, foul, and but indifferently equipped, I do not know what men can depend upon."

Having alfo, in his way, affured us, that by adhering fteadily to the plan, the enemy will be fo wafted by degrees, that we may look forward with Confidence, to make France yield up Minorca, with the reft of her encroachments; he proceeds to thew, that the fame confiftency of meafures has been obferved with relation to our American concerns, tho' as injurioufly, and violently complained of, as to thofe relating to Mahon; and he promulges the

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