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friendship seems to have been formed between them. The plan of a new College had been formed by them, and Dr Dillingham states in his life of Chaderton, that on the latter once demurring to accept the appointment of master, Mildmay said, “If you will not agree to be master, I will never be founder.” Dr Chaderton became the first master of Emmanuel College, and was one of the translators of King James's Bible. He resigned the mastership in 1622, and died in the College in 1640, at the age of 103 years.

Sir Walter Mildmay was one of that circle of distinguished men who used to assemble with Mr Roger Ascham, at the house of the Lord Treasurer Burleigh. He was a friend to literature and science, and a man of integrity and independence of spirit, who toward the end of his days fell into the disfavour of Queen Elizabeth, not by his own demerit, but by the envy of his adversaries. It has been remarked of him, "that being employed by virtue of his high office to advance the Queen's treasure, he did it industriously, faithfully and conscionably, without wronging the subject, being very tender of their privileges; insomuch that he complained in Parliament, that many subsidies were granted in Parliament, yet no grievances redressed ; which words being represented to the Queen, made her to disaffect him, setting in a court-cloud, but (as he goeth on) in the sunshine of his country, and a clear conscience." Coming to court after he had founded his College, the Queen told him, "Sir Walter, I hear you have crected a Puritan foundation." "No, Madam,” saith he; "far be it from me to countenance anything contrary to your established laws; but I have set an acorn, which when it becomes an oak, God alone knows what will be the fruit thereof." "Sure I am,” adds Fuller, "at this day it hath overshadowed all the University, more than a moiety of the present masters being bred therein.”

Lady Grace Mildmay, wife of Sir Anthony Mildmay, brother of the founder, gave a rent-charge for four Exhibitions, of £2 each per annum.

1587. The Rev. Robert Johnson, archdeacon of Leicester, founded four Exhibitions, with a preference to the “ sons of godly ministers" in the first place; and secondly, to students

from the grammar-schools of Oakham and Uppingham, before any others; and to be tenable for four years, and no longer. They are to be chosen by the master and four senior fellows. The annual value of each of these scholarships is £24. annual income of this foundation, issuing out of the estate, is £104. 7s. 6d.

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1592. Sir Wolston Dixie, Knt. alderman of the city of London, founded two Bye-fellowships and two Scholarships. He bequeathed £600 to the College, to purchase lands of the clear annual value of £30 for this purpose, and placed the nominations to them in the Worshipful Company of Skinners in London.

After an estate had been purchased, the Skinners' Company refused the trust; but by a decree of the Court of Chancery in the reign of James I., the nomination was given to the founder's heirs, and an indenture made in the same reign confirmed this decree.

After much litigation, a new decree was issued in 1700, by which the fellowships were to be increased each to £30, and the scholarships each to £10 a year; and when the funds admit, two new scholarships are to be founded each of £10 a year, and then the entire surplus is to be applied to the purchase of advowsons, to which a Dixie fellow, if qualified, is to be nominated, then one of the foundation fellows, and so on alternately.

Candidates for these scholarships and fellowships must be related to the founder, or have been educated at Market Bosworth School, and the College has no power to refuse the nomination, provided the nominee possess the requisite qualifications. The scholars at their admission must promise to study divinity, and the fellows must enter holy orders.

The annual value of the estate on an average of the last seven years ending 1851 was £417. 2s. 6d.

At present there are four Scholarships and two Fellowships on the Dixie foundation.

1618. William Branthwaite, D.D. one of the first fellows of the College, and afterwards master of Gonville and Caius College, left by will property to found two exhibitions of the value of £5 each annually, for students from the grammarschool at Norwich.

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1629. Dame Rebecca Romney gave the master and wardens of the Worshipful Company of Haberdashers the sum of £1200 for various uses, stated in an indenture, one of which was, that the master and wardens should pay £24 a year to four poor scholars, two of Emmanuel College, and two of Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, likely to become good scholars, and to take upon them the study of divinity, such and for so long a time as the master and wardens of the Company should from time to time nominate and appoint, to each £6 a year, payable half-yearly at Lady-day and Michaelmas.

The value of these exhibitions has been doubled by the Company, and they are now £12 each per annum.

1631. Mr Hobbs gave a payment, arising from the residue of rent of lands, for two poor Scholars, who are to receive each £2 per annum.

1634. There were maintained in this College one master, fourteen fellows, fifty scholars, ten poor scholars, besides officers and servants of the foundation, with other students, the whole number being 310.

1649. Mr Walter Richards left property, subject to the life of his wife, to found two Exhibitions, tenable for seven years, with a preference to students from Christ's Hospital. The value of each of these exhibitions was formerly £6, it is now £12 per annum. These exhibitioners have an allowance of £4 towards the fees on admission to the degree of of B.A. and £6 on their admission to the degree of M.A.

By the express will of the donor, these exhibitions may be held for five years after the degree of M.A. together with a fellowship.

1654. Mr Francis Ash, citizen of London, gave a benefaction to found ten scholarships of £10 each, tenable till M.A. with a preference, first, to his own kin, and secondly, to students from the grammar-schools of Derby and Ashby-dela-Zouch. The scholars are to be in such circumstances as their friends are not able to maintain them at College without some assistance, and they must be designed for the ministry. In default of such, an after preference is given to the sons of clergymen. The payments arise from an cstate, the annual

value of which (left in trust for various other uses) is about £380.

The master and fellows elect, and if any scholar become faulty in the neglect of his studies, &c. and will not amend, after two admonitions by the master, he is to lose his exhibition.

1656. Rev. John Wells, rector of Thurning, gave a rentcharge of £4 per annum, " for the use of such poor scholar as the master and fellows shall from time to time, and at all times for ever hereafter, approve of and think fitting."

1660. Rev. Benjamin Whichcote, D.D. formerly fellow of the College, and afterwards provost of King's, left some houses to the College, the rents of which he designed for various purposes, one of which was to found four Scholarships, with the same privileges as those on the foundation, tenable till M.A. They have been increased in value to 5s. a week, and may be held with other scholarships.

1662. John Browne, gentleman, gave the rent of an estate at Islington, for exhibitions of £10 each, towards the maintenance of six Scholars of Christ's Hospital at the University of Cambridge, of whom three were to be entered at Emmanuel College, and not to enjoy the benefaction longer than seven years. In 1837 the rent of the estate was reported to be £92 per annum.

1669 circa. Rev. John Sudbury, D.D. dean of Durham, left the sum of £6 (arising from the rent of houses) for a piece of plate to be given annually "to the most pious and best learned of the commencing Bachelors of Arts, according to the judg ment of the master and four senior fellows." The Rev. Henry Hubbard, B.D. increased the prize by an addition of £6 a year. In the year 1850, it was still further increased by £6 a year, arising from funded property given by the Rev. John Cooke, M.A. a member of the College.

1671. Mrs Anne Hunt, of the county of Suffolk, founded two Exhibitions for poor scholars born within the hundreds of Mutford and Lothingland, to be tenable for six years next after their admission; and in default of such, to two scholars of the kindred of her son, Mr John Collings; and in default, to any two scholars born within the county of Suffolk.

The payment of these exhibitions arises from lands adjoining the sea, by the inroads of which the property has been greatly deteriorated.

1719. George Thorpe, D.D. prebendary of Canterbury, gave lands at Ash, near Sandwich, to found five Scholarships for the encouragement and support of young students in divinity, with a preference, cæteris paribus, to the sons of orthodox clergymen. These scholarships were originally £10 a year, when first paid in 1720; they were increased to £14, then to £24, and now they are £30 a year, and are tenable with other scholarships and exhibitions. The net average annual income of the estate from which these scholarships are paid, for the seven years ending 1851, was £191. 5s. 6d. Dr Thorpe's scholars are elected after the second year of residence, when they have given competent proof of their proficiency and hopeful suitability to his design, and they may hold their scholarships till the Michaelmas after admission to the degree of Master of Arts, or till they are elected fellows.

Every student must, at the time of his admission to one of Dr Thorpe's scholarships, make the following declaration :"I, A. B. do hereby solemnly declare it to be my full purpose, by the blessing of God, to apply myself sincerely to the study of divinity, and the faithful service of God, and his church therein, and that I will observe and conform to the orders and directions annexed to this benefaction, to which I am now to be admitted, and that I hope by help thereof, with the assistance of my friends, to continue for this good purpose in this University, to the time limited by the donor of this benefaction, which without the addition thereof, I had had no prospect of ability to perform." It is also directed, that Dr Thorpe's scholarships are to be declared vacant if any scholar be guilty of any scandalous immorality, profaneness, impiety, heretical doctrine contrary to the thirty-nine Articles of the Church of England, schismatical separation from its communion, or gross neglect of his studies*.

The studies recommended by Dr Thorpe are "The Liturgy and Articles of the Church, the Holy Scriptures in their original languages, the Fathers, and all other parts of solid and useful learning.”

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