by war on the internal manners of a country. As it affects the external moral sentiment, or the public feelings of right and wrong, with respect to other nations; it's tendency is to obscure all the obligations of natural justice, and to dissolve all the principles of reasonable, proper, and equitable action.

"Hence the morality of peaceful times is so directly opposite to the maxims of war. The fundamental rule of the first is to do good; of the latter to inflict injuries. The former commands us to succour the oppressed; the latter to overwhelm the defenceless. The former teaches men to love their enemies; the latter to make themselves terrible even to strangers. The rules of morality will not suffer us to promote the dearest interest by falsehood; the maxims of war applaud it, when employed in the destruction of others. That familiarity with such maxims must tend to harden the heart, as well as to pervert the moral sentiments, is too obvious to need illustration. The natural consequence of their prevalence is an unfeeling and unprincipled ambition, with an idolatry of talents, and a contempt of virtue; whence the esteem of mankind is turned from the humble, the beneficent, and the good, to men who are qualified, by a genius, fertile in expedients, a courage that is never appalled, and a heart that never pities, to become the destroyers of the earth. While the philanthropist is devising means to mitigate the evil and augment the happiness of the world, a fellowworker together with GoD, in exploring and giving effect to the benevolent tendencies of nature; the warrior is revolving, in the gloomy recesses of his capacious mind, plans of future desolation, terror, and ruin. Prisons crouded with captives, cities emptied of their inhabitants, fields desolate and waste, are a.

mong his proudest trophies. The fabric of his fame is cemented with tears and blood; and if his name be wafted to the ends of the earth, it is in the shrill cry of suffering humanity, in the curses and imprecations of those whom his sword has reduced to despair !”—Hall.

The conjecture of Dr. Lambe is neither visionary nor romantic, that if all mankind confined themselves for their support to the productions of the earth, war, with it's miseries and horrors, might cease to be one of the scourges of the human race.

SAVAGE AMUSEMENTS AND SPORTS.

HORSE RACING has been promoted by royal encouragement, and is followed by the nobles of the land, and by professional sharpers, for the purpose of obtaining money according to a code of laws, which honesty has no concern with, called the laws of honour! This sport is as little connected with humanity as with honesty, The horse is a most useful, willing, noble animal; so tractable, that no person under the influence of reason, can ever think of misusing a creature so distinguished. Yet, there is scarcely a man possessed of a good horse, who fails, either for sport or profit, to push it's goodness to it's destruction, instead of prudently husbanding his good fortune. If a horse can trot ten miles an hour, it is not long before a wager is laid that he trots twelve miles; if this should be accomplished, so much the worse for the excellent beast; higher wagers succeed under an increase of task, till his spirit and powers sink at last under the whip and spur. The Christian savage calculates only what is the difference between the bet and the price of his nag. As to the inhuman

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ity of the action, that consideration never enters his stupid brain. It is certain that horses are far more noble, and more valuable animals in this world than five out of ten of their masters.

From a catalogue of cruelty and abuse practised on this beautiful animal, I will adduce only the following.

"A young jockey, who rode for various employers, described, very feelingly, the painful situation in which he then found himself; he had ridden the horse of a gentleman, who kept several in training, and of whom he had received many favours; but tho' he had exerted all his skill with one horse, he found it impossible to win. He was engaged to ride the same horse again. He represented to his employer the impossibility of winning. His reasoning, however, was not calculated to make any impression on the flinty heart of this Smithfield sportsman. He abused the lad for his tenderness, and his orders were to "Make him win, or cut his entrails out. Mark, if you do not give him his belly-full of whip, you shall never ride again for me. I'll find horse, if you'll find whip and spur The generous animal ran three four-mile heats without flinching, with such an excess of exertion, that his eyes seemed ready to start from their sockets, but he was unsuccessful. I saw him, with an aching heart," says our humane author, "literally cut up alive, from his shoulder to his flank, his sheath in ribbands, and his testicles laid bare. To my great mortification, no one rebuked the thickheaded miscreant, who was the author of this useless piece of cruelty, except his jockey; who swore he would perish for want, rather than repeat such a bus2 iness of blasted infamy."-Laurence on Horses.

"I

ON EXTRAVAGANT BETS OR Wagers. maintain," says Lord Erskine, "that no man, without being guilty of wilful premeditated and wanton cruelty, can put the strength and indurance of his horse, upon this uncertain and mercenary die, wheth er in races against time, or rather journeys of great distances within limited periods, the exertions very far exceed the ordinary power which nature has bestowed on the unhappy creature, thus wickedly and inhumanly perverted from the benevolent purposes of their existence -Speech, May 15, 1809.

"Two horses started, April 16, 1793, at Whitechapel-church, to proceed 100 miles, that is, to the fifty mile-stone Colchester and back again, in twelve hours. On their return, one of them died at Bore. ham, the 32d mile-stone, having performed 68 miles of the journey. The other crawled through Chelmsford, with a lad on his back, and died at Widford, the 27th mile-stone, falling short 23 miles." Sherborne Weekly Entertainer, May 27, 1793.

Mr. W- 's mare, Tuneful, who has bolted every race she ever ran before, was Tuesday last rode at Newmarket, in winkers, with her tongue tied with whipcord, &c. Salisbury and Winchester journal, April 13, 1801.

At the Harlow Bush fair on Wednesday, a poney, about twelve hands high, was engaged for a wager to run 100 miles in twelve hours. The little animal went sixty miles in six hours, but at the 80th it's heart broke, and it fell down dead." Bell's Messenger, Sep, 21, 1801.

On monday last, a great number of people, from various parts, assembled on the road between Bridgwater and Bristol, being the spot fixed on for determining a wager on the exertions of a horse, which

was to go in a gig one hundred miles within the space of sixteen hours. The day was remarkably hot and sultry; notwithstanding which the poor animal performed the merciless task in thirteen hours without eating one grain of corn!-Bath Chronicle, June 18, 1807.

Such are the amusements which, in this age of polish and refinement, are denominated, genteel and noble!

HUNTING. It is surprising that Hunting should be termed a manly exercise, for "poor," wretchedly poor, "is the triumph o'er the timid hare!" It should rather be called a wild passion, a brutal propensity, or any thing that indicates it's nature. To give it any connection with reason would be to make a union between black and white. Manliness implies some mode of action, that becomes a man. Hunting might, formerly, have been a manly exercise, when the country was overrun with boars and wolves, and it was a public service to extirpate them; but to honour with the name of manliness the cruel practice of pursuing timid animals, and putting them to death, for amusement, is to pervert the meaning of words. In countries where the inhabitants are harrassed by ferocious animals, there may be some plea for converting the destruction of them into a sport, and a test of courage to accelerate their extirpation; but in this island hunting loses all dignity, and degenerates into mean cruelty. It is, in fact, real cowardice, because there are none but the most inoffensive and tim. id of creatures to pursue. The fox is the most trou. blesome animal we have, and is, of course, the least exceptionable object of the chase; but, even in this instance, our sportsmen cannot assume the merit of vermin-killers: for tho' some thanks. may be due