it was stipulated that, besides the reparation for the seizure of vessels, Great Britain should have an equal right with Spain to the exercise of all commercial undertakings in those seas formerly reputed to belong only to Spain, and ships were sent to receive formally the restitution of the territories on which Spain had seized. It will thus be seen how direct is the interest Canada has in this question of the Nootka Sound seizures.

Peter Pond, on whose map Mr. Isaac Ogden relies (Note A, No. 3) was a fur trader, who in 1778 was entrusted with the disposal of Indian goods belonging to traders who had entered into partnership in the North-West trade. He settled for the winter of 1778-9 on the banks of the Elk River, which he erroneously called the Athabasca, and was very successful in his dealings with the Indians. A massacre of traders and the outbreak of small-pox ruined the fur trade, the only fortunate people being a party which had penetrated in 1780 to the northward and westward, as far as Lake La Rouge. Mr. Wadin, who was in charge of this party, and was subsequently murdered, is described by Sir Alexander Mackenzie as a Swiss gentleman of strict probity and known sobriety. Two sets of traders, of which Wadin's partners formed one, agreed to unite their goods, and Pond was appointed by the other set of traders to be joint representative with Wadin. He appears, from the cautious statements made by Sir Alexander, to have been a rough trader, and the two men could not agree. Sir Alexander says that about the end of 1780 or beginning of 1781 Wadin was shot in his own house, a crime for which Pond and a clerk of Wadin's, named Sieur, were tried for murder, but acquitted. "Nevertheless" says Sir Alexander, "their innocence was not so apparent as to extinguish the original suspicion."

The sworn statement of Joseph Fagniaut, described as a voyageur, taken before a magistrate in Montreal, fixes the date as the beginning of March, 1782. The deposition is a graphic account of the affair. About nine o'clock in the evening, Fagniaut left Mr. Wadin's, and ten minutes after, when seated in his own house, which was beside and touching that of Wadin, he heard two musket shots. He first sent a man to see what was wrong; then, on his report, went himself and found Wadin stretched on the floor beside his bed, his left leg broken and wounded from the knee downwards, two or three balls having passed through; these he found on the spot. While in the act of entering he saw Pond and Toussaint Sieur at the door, when Sieur asked Wadin if it was he who had killed him. Wadin answered: off both of you, let me never see you again." (Allez-vous en tous les deux que je ne vous vois plus). He then became too faint from loss of blood to answer the questions put by Fagniaut, and died before it could be ascertained which had shot him-Pond or Sieur, or if both were equally guilty.

"Be

A motive for the murder is furnished by the fact of Pond and Wadin having come to blows a month before, and of a quarrel having taken place on the evening of the death, an hour before supper. (Archives, series B, vol. 219, p. 113).

The widow on the 29th of May, 1783, in a memorial to have the two men, Pond and Sieur, apprehended by the military officers commanding at the back posts, gives as the reason, "that from the great distance of country the civil power cannot exert itself for the purpose of apprehending and bringing the offenders to justice." (B 219, p. 123).

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so, and was n facilitated ie, Ont., felt ed a portion at remained ey could be hich accomed April 18, y, but were ed that the iose parts of se consist of remains of actly undercoach.

Pond, as stated by Mr. Dalrymple, was a native of the United States, and becoming dissatisfied with the trading company whom he served, returned there about the end of 1790, to seek employment. (Series Q., vol. 50-1 p. 1.)

A few words may be said of the writers of the documents published in Note A. George Dixon was the captain of the "Queen Charlotte," which made the voyage around the world in the years 1785 to 1788, along with the "King George," commanded by Captain Nathaniel Portlock, the account of which was published in London in 1789.

Isaac Ogden was, at the time he wrote to his father, acting clerk of the Crown. He was afterwards a judge of the Vice-Admiralty Court in Quebec.

Alexander Dalrymple was hydrographer to the East India Company, having been employed when a youth as a writer in the service, and placed in the secretary's office. In 1795 he was appointed hydrographer to the Admiralty. He was warmly interested in voyages of discovery.

Captain Holland was a son of Major Samuel Holland, for many years SurveyorGeneral in Canada.

In the report on Archives for 1886, documents and a plan were published respecting a canal, which had been constructed on the north side of the Sault Ste Marie, about 1797. The existence of this canal had been entirely forgotten, the only reference made to it being a casual mention in Harmon's Journal and one by Schoolcraft, so that great doubts existed as to whether it was ever in actual use.

Judge Steere, of Sault Ste Marie, Michigan, having, on the statements in tho report, called the attention to this subject of Mr. A. S. Wheeler, General Superintendent of the St. Mary's Falls Canal, Michigan, an examination was made by these two gentlemen on the spot, and the results communicated by Mr. Wheeler in a report to Colonel O. M. Poe, of the United States Engineers, at Detroit, a copy of which was kindly sent me, from which the following extracts are taken. It is to be observed that sketch No. 2, mentioned in Mr. Wheeler's report, is a reprint of the plan published in the report on Archives for 1886. The two sketches, Nos. 1 and 3 sent by Mr. Wheeler have been lithographed and published here for reference. After stating that Judge Steere had called his attention to the report, Mr. Wheeler says:

"He invited me to accompany him in a search for the ruins. I did so, and was present when they were found. The unusually low water of this season facilitated the search. Joseph Cozens, provincial land surveyor, of Sault Ste. Marie, Ont., felt much interested in the matter and furnished a gang of men who removed a portion of the earth, which covered and concealed the floor and foundation, all that remained of the structure. These were found to be in perfect condition; indeed, they could be used again for a similar purpose if necessary. Sketch No. 2 is a plan which accompanies a letter written by Messrs. Forsyth, Richardson & Co., and dated April 18, 1803, The gentlemen were former partners in the North-west Company, but were dissatisfied, and seeking to establish a new company. It will be observed that the canal is shown on this plan,' but not the lock. Sketch No. 3 shows those parts of the old lock still remaining which were uncovered and examined. These consist of the floor, the foundation on which it rests, the lower ground-sill and the remains of some timbers shown at 'D,' 'E' and 'F,' the use of which is not exactly understood, but which probably served to connect the lock with its upper approach.

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"The floor of the lock is forty feet long and eight feet nine inches in width. It is made of plank two inches thick running longitudinally. They are fastened to transverse foundation timbers with wooden pins shown at B.' There are thirteen planks, the seventh or middle one being narrower than the others. The lower transverse timber formed the sill for the gate. It is twelve inches square. top of this is pinned a piece of oak eight inches wide and four inches thick. It is probable that this piece was the cleat against which the lower edge of the gate rested when closed. There are mortises in each end of this timber shown at A.' These mortises, the countersinking and notch in the floor plank seem to indicate that vertical timbers fourteen inches square stood at these points.

6

"The remains of an old wharf were found at B,' Sketch 1. There are many large boulders along the shore and in the shallow water, but it was observed that all had been removed from in front of the lock, leaving a wide and safe entrance. At‘C' Sketch No. 1, were found old timbers imbedded in the earth on both sides of the stream. These timbers appear to be part of the foundation of a dam. The fall in the water from this point to the old lock is at present about seven feet. It is probable that the dam raised the water two feet, thus giving a lift to the lock of nine feet. The timber used seems to be spruce. There were some nails used about the structure, three or four of which were removed. They were hand-made and seemed to have been been cut from a square rod and headed by a blacksmith. The small stream between 'A' and 'C' Sketch No. 1, seems to be recent. It was probably caused by the dam at 'C' and did not exist until after the lock and its approach were destroyed. It is this stream, which carried down the material which covered and concealed the floor and foundations."

After quoting the description given by Captain Bruyères, R.E., of the canal, wharf, &c., at the establishment, taken from the report on Archives for 1886, p. xxix, Mr. Wheeler continues:

"It seems probable from this description and from the parts of the structure remaining, that the lock and its upper entrance, or leading trough, as it is called by Captain Bruyères, were both constructed of wood and in the manner of a flume, that is, the bottom and sides were of plank, the sides held in place by vertical timbers tied together at the top by horizontal cross pieces, which were high enough so that boats could pass under them. This theory is sustained by the fact that the transverse timbers still remaining under the floor of the lock have mortises in their ends for vertical timbers and by the further fact that there are no remains of earthworks or retaining walls on either side of the old lock, or its upper approach.

"The dotted lines from 'A' to 'C,' in Sketch No. 1, show the probable location of the approach or leading trough.' The canal mentioned by Bruyères is still very conspicuous. The pathway of the round logs' can yet be found in place."

Referring to the same report as to Franchère's visit in 1814 (Report 1886, p. xxviii), Mr. Wheeler contiuues :

"No definite mention is here made of the lock, but it is almost certain that if it had been in existence at the time of the attack it would have been destroyed. Being built of wood and mostly above ground it could have been destroyed as easily as the buildings and sheds. This then indicates a limit to the duration of the lock. It was completed in 1798 and could not have existed after 1814. It is, however, quite possible that it was destroyed or abandoned before 1814, as no reference to it has been found later than 1803. Indeed, it is not certain that it was ever successfully used as a lock. It may have early been converted into a raceway for the saw mill, and this may explain why its existence as a lock has been so completely forgotten. It is estimated that there were used in the entire structure 20,000 feet board measure of two inch plank and 5,000 feet running measure of hewn timber.

"Very respectfully, your obedient servant,

"E. S. WHEELER, Gen'l. Supt."