1759.

September 28,
Bedford.

October 2,
Bedford.

October 3,

tains Hubbert and Shelby here after the roads are mended which should be about the beginning of October. Amberst still thinks Niagara can be garrisoned from Pittsburgh. Sir William Johnson says these were Prideaux' orders, but says nothing of sending bateaux to carry the troops from Presqu'Isle. Has written that it is impossible to carry out the order, without water, horses or bateaux from Niagara.

Page 66 Bouquet to Stanwix. Memorandum respecting money. His calculations as to provisions. Directions to Colonel Armstrong should be sent by Stanwix direct, that men are to be brought to Pittsburgh. Respecting pack horses, their employment, &c. The winter sets in earlier and the grass dies sooner by a fortnight or three weeks between the mountains than on the west of Laurel Hill, which will then be impracticable for pack horses; they will then be employed from Ligonier to Pittsburgh. Stores full of every thing. Hambright arrived; his pack horses and waggons shall be loaded and then he (Bouquet) shall proceed to Ligonier for a couple of days, to put things in a regular way for the campaign and then go to Pittsburgh. The foundations of the fortifications being laid, the work will grow apace. The eternal pack horses from Winchester are at last on the road.

68

Same to the same. Has forwarded letters; money received. Suggests the propriety of forming a magazine of forage for the horses that will be required next Spring at the fortifications. Hambright's brigade moves to-morrow; a great deal of flour can now be sent to Pittsburgh. Hoops has been deficient with the cattle; has ordered 200 beeves to be sent from Virginia to Pittsburgh; half are already in motion. If he must go to Niagara (which he does not think practicable) he has the satisfaction of knowing that he leaves the department in the best way that could be expected. He will be at Ligonier on the 5th. 71

Stanwix to Bouquet. Letters a knowledged. Has had 100 men Pittsburgh. from Armstrong to add to the working party, and has ordered him to send 100 more. Has now only a fortnight's flour; 22 waggons arrived from Ligonier with only 38 barrels; has no doubt he (Bouquet) will hurry more forward. Wants as many men as he can feed, &c.

October 7,
Pittsburgh.

October 9,

Ligonier.

73

Same to the same. Remarks on contents of letters received. Has had two parties from Presqu'Isle of the regiments at Niagara, the one with a letter from Colonel Fauquier that he was not to relieve Niagara, and the other stating that Amherst expected him to relieve Niagara, believing the relief of the Royal Americans to be near or at Presqu'Isle, and that the latter were to be sent over the lake, with a sufficiency of bateaux to carry the troops over Lake Ontario to Oswego. These things astonish him after he had written that it was impossible to furnish this relief without bateaux, provisions, horses or water, and distress him so much that he will say no more at present. Hopes to see him at Pittsburgh when things are settled. Hears that Hubbert has had the road made to the three redoubts and will soon join Shelby, and come down the road together. Hopes all will be done by the 16th, which will be a great point in favour of getting from this to Ligonier. When the road is done must contrive to get the guns and send ammunition from Ligonier to Pittsburgh.

75

Bouquet to Stanwix, Arrived last night; was detained by the weather; the rains have so destroyed the roads between the mountains, that ten horses could hardly get a waggon up the Alleghany, and in coming down to Edmund's swamp they sank above the axles. By the deepness of the road and the additional weight of the rain on their bags, 300 pack horses have been ruined. The debris is expected to-morrow, but does not think the waggons can be here before the 12th. It is a

1759.

misfortune, but a good deal of flour was here before which will be pushed forward. Had he known the lowness of the stock at Pittsburgh, he could have prevented it, but does not think that a man entrusted with supplying an army was ever treated with such neglect, for except what he learned from him (Stanwix) he got no returns, though he begged to have them from Major Gates. Sends a note of what provisions are forwarded. Js astonished at the change respecting Niagara, showing that Amherst does not know the immense difficulty of subsisting a handful of men at Pittsburgh, and that none of the country waggons will go beyond Bedford, for which he cannot blame them since he has seen the state of the roads. All the dependence must be en pack horses. Page 77 November 26, Bouquet to Stanwix. Could expect but little from Virginia, but that Cumberland. little bas failed; hears nothing of Mercer or his contractors. He shall lose no time in repairing that breach. Salt sent forward, and has sent for 50 bushels more left on the road from Winchester. How the salt is protected from the wet. The blankets used for this purpose and others sent by Ourry will serve for the troops at Pittsburgh. Ourry is also forwarding 500 head of cattle bought by Hoops. Has bought horses, sleighs, &c., and impressed whatever can carry a load to the Monongahela; though late, hopes the troops will not suffer, "but after the fatal experience of the Virginia promised assistance and resources, any man who would trust them deserves to be served as we are." By the burning of Callender's house at Carlisle he (Bouquet) has lost the papers and receipts concerning the public service besides his luggage and private papers. Money matters. The roads are so bad that he was obliged to leave his waggon and baggage in the woods; only pack horses can be used. So soon as the salt is forwarded he shall proceed to Winchester to finish, if he can, for ever with all these worthy gentlemen &c., &c. 80 December 8, Stanwix to Bouquet. Approves of all he says in his letter of the 26th Pittsburgh. Money sent as requested. Sends four companies of his battalion to Lancaster, namely, Bouquet's, Stevenson's, Elrington's and Campbell's. Other trcops to be sent. The Virginian regiment marched on the 25th to defend Fauquier's Dominion or to assist Lyttleton who is calling on Fauquier for help. Seven bateaux sent to Red Stone Creek are frozen up. Does not expect that he can leave this before January. Barron and Gates have set off to see their wives.

83

December 20, Bouquet to Stanwix. Has been detained; has settled for all that was Winchester. clearly due, but has referred the rest to him (Stanwix). Memorandum on money matters. Salt and pork sent off, the quantity to follow in February, March and April. If there is corn in Pittsburgh, some of the hogs could be kept alive and fat and saved for the use of the sick, &c. Lyttleton has sent word to Fauquier that the Cherokees had offered to deliver up the offenders, but that he leeps marching on intending to hang them in their own town. Major Lewis arrived from Montreal reports that Pennsylvania is keeping only 160 men having disbanded the rest. All the prisoners returned from Canada; Jenkins is at Crown Point; Ryde was sent to New Orleans. The French look on themselves as conquered, having no provisions, bread and meat being three French livres a round. Their men-of-war above Quebec are to attempt to go down after the retreat of the British fleet. Is glad of his promotion, though the Royal Americans will lose a good colonel. Sets off for York on the way to Lancaster to settle the accounts of the upper country. 85 December 24, Stanwix to Bouquet. Asks him to be present at Lancaster, where Pittsburgh. the troops of the Province of Pennsylvania are to be disbanded, so that he may direct the officers of the four companies of his battalion in recruiting; no greater service can be rendered the tattalion just now than to endeavour to complete it, and his preser co will do more than all the

1760.

January 4,
Lancaster.

January 10,
Pittsburgh.

January 18,
Pittsburgh.

January 26,
Pittsburgh.

rest. Arrangement of the troops. Hopes that Governor Hamilton may be enabled to retain small garrisons at each of the posts of Lyttleton and Loudoun.

Page 88 Bouquet to Stanwix. The measures he has taken for recruiting on the unexpected reduction of the provincial forces of Pennsylvania. There has been no success with the new levies; hopes to have more with the other. The men required have volunteered cheerfully to go back to Bedford which is satisfactory as he heard that last year they did not behave well. They shall be marched immediately after receiving money from Philadelphia to clear them. Hoops sending a new supply of cattle; hogs are ordered from Maryland. Hopes he (Stanwix) will soon receive flour; early in Spring he can have any quantity as the country people are willing to be employed as soon as the horses can get focd in the woods. Is uneasy about his (Stanwix's) indisposition.

90

Stanwix to Bouquet. States the contents of a former letter. Supposes the detachment of this battalion has been marched to Bedford, where Ourly is to command for the present. Well supplied with salt, but the stores do not increase. Carnot increase the garrison for the works, till there are at least 1,000 barrels of flour beforebard, which can be accomplished if the Virginians do any thing at all. Has a good deal of frozen beef, so shall not go on salt provisions till the 20th. If the hogs and sheep arrive monthly as promised, he shall be pretty well off for flesh. Not to stay longer in Lancaster than is agreeable to him, as his (Stanwix,s) gout is getting better and he hopes to leave this in February if the roads are passable.

92

Same to the same. It was lucky he (Bouquet) was at Lancaster, at the breaking up of the Pennsylvanian provincials, from whence he has great hopes of completing the four companies. When recruiting is pretty well over, Elrington to be sent to New York for the clothing of the kattalion. Respecting the other clothing. The four companies to be completely clothed before they leave Lancaster, as it is probable they will march carly in Spring. Instructions to be given to Etherington (elsewhere Elrington) not to delay &c. Shall blige Prevost with clothing if he can. Amherst's instructions about clothing sent. Money warrants forwarded, with note of the uses to which it is to be applied. The uncommon severity of the weather; will not move till there is a prospect of its being warmer. Not to tie himself down to Lancaster; he can easily pass between that and Philadelphia. Hopes to have flour from the country people, so that they may know the way to this market (Pittsburgh). Has written Amherst that the fort, works, and garrison. on the two communications require 2,000 men, but does not know where to get them. The Pernsylvanians are disbanded and Governor Fauquier writes that the Assembly will keep on foot no more than will secure their own frontiers. Complains of the number of Indians brought in whom he does not know how to feed.

94

Same to the same. Hopes he may be able to go a good way in completing the battalion. Major Tulleken stays till he (Bouquet) can come to take command of the battalion. Tulleken's selling out is meantime suspended. Hopes to go home for a reason he (Bouquet) knows. The excessive cold still detains him.

98

April 16,
Same to the same. Warrant to order tools, &c., to be employed on
Philadelphia. the works.

99

May 26, General Monckton to the same. He is to proceed to Carlisle to march Philadelphia. with the four companies of the Royal Americans to Fort Bedford, and on arrival there to send a detachment to Ligonier, the one now there to go to Pittsburgh. Orders that returns be sent of the state of stores at

1760.

May 28,

Bedford, escorts for provisions, &c., to be furnished. Should reinforcements be wanted at Ligonier or Bedford, the troops on the communication to be ordered to join and under his command march to the relief of either. Will be at Carlisle on the fifth of June for a few days, to review and direct the march of the Pennsylvanians Shall always be happy in concurring with him in any measure for the advancement of His Majesty's service. Page 100 Monckton to Bouquet. The non arrival of the express leaves him in Philadelphia. doubt as to the situation of affairs at Pittsburgh. He (Bouquet) is at once to proceed with the four companies to Bedford, sending the detachment to Ligonier as ordered, but if immediate aid is wanted at that post or Pittsburgh, he is to proceed by forced marches and without baggage to their relief. His anxiety about the ordnance stores, &c., at Ligonier. If necessary the whole four companies are to proceed by forced marches. Colonel Boyd has been ordered to proceed to Fort Cumberland without delay. He (Bouquet) may open all letters addressed to him, Monckton.

June 7,
Carlisle.

June 7,

102

Horatio Gates to the same. Letters received. The General is sorry for the bad state of the roads; he will send off Byrd with the first bat. talion of Pennsylvanians with whom tools will be sent to repair the roads. The General desires him (Bouquet) to march to Pittsburgh with all the regulars and provincials that are at Bedford, except the officers and 200 men of the Royal Americans, who are to be left at the post; the detachment for Ligonier, however, to bo sent on. Sends letters. The expresses will bring the letters weekly.

105

Bouquet to Monckton. In the Indian case mentioned in letter Ft. Lyttleton. forwarded, he thinks it more prudent to dissemble for the present, till Pittsburgh is better provided, trying in the meantime what Croghan can do. The four companies have arrived here and proceed to-morrow to Bedford. The roads from Loudoun are so bad that almost all the waggons upset. This is partly owing to the heavy rains, partly owing to the neglect of the commanding officers at Loudoun and Ligonier in not repairing that road; has ordered all the men upon it. Wheelwrights wanted to repair waggons at Loudoun and this post.

June 8,
Carlisle.

June 10,
Bedford.

June 21,
Bedford.

June 24,
Shawanese
Cabins.

107

Gates to Bouquet. Sends letters, &c, arrived from Philadelphia. Gordon has just gone; Walters ordered to stay at Bedford with the two companies left there. Byid, with his men, ordered from Cumberland to Bedford.

108

Bouquet to Monckton. The four companies arrived here last night. The roads are so bad above Loudoun, that the waggons which attempted to go to Ligonier with only 1,200 weight are halted on the top of the Alleghany, though they put ten horses to one waggon, and can go no further. Pack horses must be used till the weather is settled and the roads can be repaired. Sends returns of the stores; bad state of the storehouses. By orders received in letter from Gates, Captain Schlosser marches to reinforce Fort Ligonier. He (Bouquet) will only have one subaltern to march with him to Pittsburgh, after leaving the officers and detachment at Bedford. The provincial troops here. Will join Schlosser at Stony Creek on the 12th and proceed to Pittsburgh.

109

Gates to Bouquet. The General proposes to leave this on Monday, and be at Ligonier on Wednesday, so that in not many days they shall see the Ohio. Has told Croghan of the General's movements if the Indians wish to meet him. Croghan is to be allowed to come with them to preserve decorum and to supply language.

111

Same to the same. Amherst has informed Monckton that Lewis has been obliged to raise the siege. Major Rogers has also defeated a consi

Beaver Creek.

derable party of the enemy within three miles of Isle aux Noix, and the capture of six store ships in the St. Lawrence completes the successful opening of this campaign. The General will be at Ligonier on Thursday.

Page 112 Bouquet to Monckton. Shall carry out orders as to the four companies, but everything was quiet at Pittsburgh. Shall open the letters according to orders.

104

Instructions by Monckton to Major Walters sent by orders of Amherst to relieve the garrison of Niagara with a detachment of the 1st battalion Royal Americans and to take the command at Niagara in place of Colonel Eyre of the 44th regiment.

113

Horatio Gates to Bouquet. The General is pleased to hear he has made so good a setting out. The sutler to accompany him has set off with 20 horse loads of rum; to be joined by 21 horse loads more of "that sweet liquor." The General had hoped the fellow would have taken some wine &c, for the officers, but he looked only to his own profit. To take all the rum for the King's service, which with carriage will be paid for at Pittsburgh, The utmost endeavour to be made to prevent rum from getting among the Indians. 114

Monckton to the same. To execute Amherst's orders, he has sent a field officer with 400 rank and filo of the Royal Americans to relieve Niagara; for taking post at Presqu'Isle, he can only send 100 men of the Virginian regiment, (none of the Pennsylvanians having arrived). Hopes to be able in two days to send a proper detachment to the latter; sends therefore, a letter to Major Gladwin of the 80th, who is to take the relief to Niagara across Lake Erie, to leave 150 of the Americans or of his own detachment, at Presqu'Isle for two days to secure that post. Gladwin has orders if he arrives there first to throw up an intrenchment to serve as such to a block house to be erected there on the most advantageous position, to contain about 150 men with officers in proportion. Captain Croghan with a few Indians are to attend him (Bouquet). He is to give them friendly assurances. Croghan is to invite the chief to meet him (Monckton) at Fort Pitt. Should the Indians, contrary to expectation, prove hostile he has a sufficient force to execute the service with which he is charged. To retain only sufficient men to secure the post till a reinforcement be sent. Sends the instructions for Walters (p. 113). Amherst has ordered Gladwin to leave some of the whale boats on Lake Erie to keep up the communication; six will be sufficient. Injunctions to dispatch &c.

115

Journal of the march of a detachment under the command of Colonel Bouquet, from Fort Pitt to Presqu'Isle.

Horatio Gates to Bouquet. News from Quebec confirmed. Walters need only carry 21 rounds from Presqu'Isle to Niagara; the rest to be left with him (Bouquet). The escort for the horses returning to be from the Virginians.

126

July 9, Bouquet to Monckton. Confusion at leaving; many of the men drunk First Crossing on the 7th when the detachment left Fort Pitt, and had to encamp four miles off, having marched at least six. Has met here Hutchins who will give an account of his journey. Is sorry Gladwin has so much the start;