Quhilk, throuch the ardent lufe he had to France,
Agane Ingland did move his ordinance.

Of Floddoun Feilde the rewyne to revolve,
Or that most dolent daye for tyll deplore,
I nyll, for dreid that dolour yow dissolve,
Schaw how that prince, in his tryumphand glore,
Distroyit was, quhat nedeith proces more?
Nocht be the vertew of Inglis ordinance
Bot, be his awin wylfull mysgovernance.

FROM 'ANE SATYRE OF THE THREI ESTAITIS.' Veritie.

For our Christ's saik, I am richt weill content To suffer all thing that sall pleis his grace, Howbeit, ye put ane thousand till torment, Ten hundreth thowsand sall ryse into thair place. [Veritie sits down on hir knies and sayis:]

Yet up, thow slepis all too lang, O Lord,

And mak sum ressonabill reformatioun,

On thame that dois tramp down thy gracious word, And hes ane deidlie indignatioun,

At them, quha maks maist trew narratioun :
Suffer me not, Lord, mair to be molest,

Gude Lord, I mak the supplicatioun,
With thy unfriends let me nocht be supprest.

My patent pardouns, ye may se,
Cum fra the Cane of Tartarei,
Weill seald with oster schellis;
Thocht ye have na contritioun,
Ye sall have full remissioun,

With help of buiks and bellis.
Heir is ane relict, lang and braid,
Of Fine Macoult the richt chaft blaid',

With teith and al togidder :

*

Of Colling's cow, heir is ane horne,
For eating of Mackonnal's corne
Was slain into Baquhidder.

Heir is ane coird, baith great and lang,
Quhilk hangit Johne the Armistrang :
Of gude hemp soft and sound :
Gude, halie peopill, I stand for'd,
Quha ever beis hangit with this cord
Neids never to be dround.

The culum of Sanct Bryd's kow,
The gruntill of Sanct Antonis sow,

Quhilk buir his haly bell;

Quha ever he be heiris this bell clinck,

Gif me ane dacat for till drink,

He sall never gang to hell.

Marie! I lent my gossop my mear to fetch hame coills,
And he hir drounit into the Querrell hollis ;
And I ran to the Consistorie, for to pleinze3,
And thair I happinit amang ane greidie meinze.
Thay gave me first ane thing thay call Citandum,
Within aucht dayis, I gat bot Lybellandum,
Within ane moneth, I gat ad Opponendum
In half ane yeir I gat Interloquendum,

And syne, I gat, how call ye it? ad Replicandum.
Bot, I could never ane word yit understand him;
And than, thay gart me cast out many plackis,
And gart me pay for four-and-twentie actis :
Bot, or thay came half gait to Concludendum
The Feind ane plack was left for to defend him.
Thus, thay post-ponit me twa yeir, with thair traine,

Syne, Hodie ad octo, bad me cum againe,

And than, thir ruiks, thay roupit wonder fast,
For sentence silver, thay cryit at the last.
Of Pronunciandum they maid me wonder faine;

Bot I got never my gude gray meir againe.

1 tail.

2 snout.

a complain.

4 crew.

$ croaked.

FROM THE MONARCHIE.'

Christ, efter his glorious Ascentioun,

Tyll his Disciplis send the Holy Spreit, In toungis of fyre, to that intentioun,

Thay, beand of all languages repleit,

Throuch all the warld, with wordis fair and sweit, Tyll every man the faith thay suld furth schaw In thare owin leid1, delyverand thame the Law. Tharefore I thynk one gret dirisioun,

To heir thir Nunnis and Systeris nycht and day Syngand and sayand Psalmes and Orisoun,

Nocht understandyng quhat thay syng nor say.
Bot lyke one Stirlyng or ane Papingay,
Quhilk leirnit ar to speik be lang usage:
Thame I compair to byrdis in ane cage.
Rycht so childreyng and ladyis of honouris

Prayis in Latyne, to thame ane uncuth2 leid,
Mumland thair Matynis, Evinsang, and thair Houris,
Thare Pater Noster, Ave, and thare Creid.
It wer als plesand to thare spreit, in deid,
God have mercy on me, for to say thus,
As to say, Miserere mei Deus.

Sanct Jerome in his propir toung Romane
The Law of God he trewlie did translait,

Out of Hebrew and Greik, in Latyne plane,
Quhilk hes bene hid from us lang tyme, God wait,
Onto this tyme: bot, efter myne consait,

Had Sanct Jerome bene borne in tyll Argyle
In to Yrische toung his bukis had done compyle.
Prudent Sanct Paull doith mak narratioun

Twycheyng the divers leid of every land,
Sayand, there bene more edificatioun

In fyve wordis that folk doith understand,
Nor to pronounce of wordis ten thousand
In strange langage, sine wait not quhat it menis:
I thynk sic pattryng is not worth twa prenis 3.

THE HOPE OF IMMORTALITY.

All creature that ever God creat,

As wryttis Paull, thay wys to se that day
Quhen the childryng of God, predestinat,

Sall do appeir in thare new fresche array;
Quhen corruptioun beis clengit clene away,
And changeit beis thair mortall qualitie
In the gret glore of immortalitie.

And, moreattour, all dede thyngis corporall,
Vnder the concave of the Hevin impyre,
That now to laubour subject ar, and thrall,
Sone, mone, and sterris, erth, walter, air, and fyre,
In one maneir thay have ane hote desyre,
Wissing that day, that thay may be at rest,
As Erasmus exponis manifest.

We sé the gret Globe of the Firmament
Continuallie in moveyng marvellous ;
The sevin Planetis, contrary thare intent,
Are reft about, with course contrarious;
The wynd, and see, with stormys furious,
The trublit air, with frostis, snaw and rane,
Unto that day thay travell evir in pane.

And all the Angellis of the Ordouris Nyne,
Haveand compassioun of our misereis,
Thay wys efter that day, and to that fyne',
To sé us freed frome our infirmeteis,

2

And clengit frome thir gret calamiteis
And trublous lyfe, quhilk never sall have end
On to that day, I mak it to thee kend3.

end.

• cleaned.

3 known.

ENGLISH BALLADS.

In treating of the Ballads, or old popular poetry of England, it is impossible to follow the plan generally adopted in this collection. We cannot arrange them by date of composition, for, while the plots and situations are often of immemorial age, the language is sometimes that of the last century. They are therefore inserted here, as they were first committed to the press and sold as broad-sheets not much later than the period at which we have arrived. About the authors of the ballads, and their historical date, we know nothing. Like the Volks-lieder of other European countries, the popular poems of England were composed by the people for the people. Again, the English ballads, and those of the Lowland Scotch, deal with topics common to the peasant singers of Denmark, France, Greece, Italy, and the Slavonic countries. The wide distribution of these topics is, like the distribution of märchen or popular tales, a mark of great antiquity. We cannot say when they originated, or where, or how; we only know that, in one shape or other, the themes of romantic ballads are very ancient. There are certain incidents, like that of the return of the dead mother to her oppressed children; like the sudden recovery of a fickle bridegroom's heart by the patient affection of his first love; like the adventure of May Colvin with a lover who has slain seven women, and tries to slay her; like the story of the bride who pretends to be dead that she may escape from a detested marriage, which are in all European countries the theme of popular song. Again, the pastimes and labours of the husbandmen and shepherd were, long ago, a kind of natural opera. Each task had its old song,-ploughing, harvest, sced-time, marriage, burial, had appropriate ballads or dirges. Aubrey, the antiquary, mentions 'a song sung in the ox-house, when they wassel the oxen.' A similar chant survives in Berry. Further, each of the rural dance-tunes had its ballad-accompaniment, and the dance was sometimes a rude dramatic representation of the action described in the poem. Many of the surviving