... mole... to the distance of three or four hundred yards .. The shelter afforded by it, when whole, must have been always imperfect; but, now that it is broken down in several parts by the sea, and going fast to ruin, vessels are almost as much exposed there as if they lay on the outside... Ships of any burthen, since they can never anchor within the mole, ride without in the fair season, and in foul weather take shelter at Caipha, on the other side of the bay."-BUCKINGHAM'S Travels, vol. i. p. 125. The houses are built of stone, with roofs like terraces; the entrances to them are narrow, and many appear to communicate with each other. The streets are dirty and the air impure, from their being so contracted that a loaded camel in going along occupies the whole breadth of them. The bazaars are mean, and the inhabitants have a miserable appearance. They consist of Christians, Turks, Arabs, and Jews; many of whom are muffled up in ragged blankets. Consuls for England and France are stationed there; their houses, which are obscure and humble, are almost contiguous to the convent, and form part of a khan or quadrangular building, having an extensive court in front, with galleries round it, similar to the coachyards of English inns. The following is an extract from Mr. Jowett's Journal: "After a most pleasant ride, we reached the gate of the city; and, in about a quarter of an hour, our names having been carried to the palace, we were admitted, and took our way to the house of the English ViceConsul, Mr. Mac Michael, who hospitably entertained us four days. In the evening, we proposed to perform divine service the next day, to such as could be brought together. The notice was inevitably short; but it was given out immediately. 66 Sunday, Nov. 2, 1823.-This morning, in the consul's room, we held divine service, with a congre gation of ten souls-as promiscuous an assembly as could well be expected within the compass of so small a number. The individuals who composed it were a British consul-his dragoman, a native of the country -a Maronite priest-a Roman physician-one Greek -one Jew-an English captain of a merchant-vessel then in port-my servant, who is under French protection-an American brother-missionary-and myself, of the Church of England. Mr. Fisk conducted the prayers; and I afterwards preached from 2 Cor. v. 17. The whole service was in Italian." Mr. Jowett thus describes the scene in the khan at Acre, his window overlooking the large open quadrangular court of that building. He says, "In the centre, is a spacious fountain or reservoir-the first care of every builder of great houses or cities in the East. On one side is a row of camels, each tied by the slenderest cord to a long string, to which a small bell is appended, so that by the slightest motion they keep up one another's attention, and the attention also of all the inmates of the khan, that of weary travellers especially, by a constant jingle. On another side, horses and mules are waiting for orders; while asses breaking loose, biting one another, and throwing up their heels, give variety to the scene. Goats, geese, poultry, &c. are on free quarters. In the midst of all these sights and sounds, the groom, the muleteer, the merchant, the pedlar, the passers-by, and the by-standers, most of them wretchedly dressed, though in coats of many colours, all looking like idlers whatever they may have to do, contrive to make themselves audible; generally lifting up their voices to the pitch of high debate, and very often much higher. 66 Noise, indeed, at all times, seems to be the proper element of the people of these countries; their throats are formed for it-their ears are used to it-neither the men nor the females, grown-up persons nor children, the rich nor the poor, seem to have any exclusive privi lege in making it, and, what is very annoying to a Frank traveller, the party with whom he is treating, and who wishes most probably to impose on him, will turn round to make an appeal to all the by-standers, who are no less ready with one voice to strike in with their opinion on all matters that come before them. "The bustle has been increased this morning, by the departure of the wives of the Governor of Jaffa. They set off in two coaches, of a curious construction, common in this country: the body of the coach was raised on two parallel poles; somewhat similar to those used for sedan-chairs, only that in these the poles were attached to the lower part of the coach, throwing, consequently, the centre of gravity much higher; and apparently exposing the vehicle, with its veiled tenant, to an easy overthrow, or, at the least, to a very active jolt. Between the poles strong mules were harnessed, one before and one behind; who, if they should prove capricious, or have very uneven and mountainous ground to pass, would render the situation of the ladies still more critical. But there is nothing to which use may not reconcile us; and they who can be brought to endure the trot of the camel, may consider themselves as franked for every other kind of conveyance. "The immense khan, of which the consul's rooms form a small part, is inhabited by a great variety of families. It is three stories high, and in so dilapidated a state, that it seems to me to wait only for a gentle shock of an earthquake-no improbable event-to bring it all down."-JOWETT's Christian Researches, 144-147. 66 ... Mr. Jowett obtained permission to pay a visit to the mosque built by Djezzar in Acre. On entering its precincts," he writes, "we were required to take off our outer shoes. We entered a beautiful court, the pavement of which was cold marble: fountains played their streams, and the trees waved their branches with a softness and coolness . . . forming a perfect contrast to the noise, filthiness, and meanness of the streets which we had just left... The dome above (the mosque) is surrounded by circular galleries, similar, though in merest miniature, to the whispering gallery at St. Paul's Cathedral. . . The effects of the late siege are sufficiently visible in different parts of this building, the cannon-balls having sometimes fallen on a window, and dashed it to pieces, at other times a column of the cloisters has been fairly carried away. in other spots the balls have either disfigured the walls by a bruise, or else gone clean through the more flimsy parts of the structure."-JOWETT's Researches, 149-152. "Of the splendour of Ptolemais," observes Mr. Buckingham, "no perfect monument remains; but throughout the town are seen shafts of red and grey granite and marble pillars, some used as thresholds to large doorways, others lying neglected on the ground, and others again used as supporters of the interior galleries of... public inns . . . Of these... we counted nearly two hundred in different parts of the town; and besides, several slabs of fine marble, perhaps once used in the pavements of some hall or palace, now collected near a magazine at the north end of the town... The christian ruins are altogether gone, scarcely leaving a trace of the spot on which they stood." The cathedral church of St. Andrew, the church of St. John, &c. &c., are no more to be seen."-BUCKINGHAM's Travels, vol. i. pp. 117, 118. 66 TYRE, TYRUS, (SÛR, SOUR.) SCRIPTURE NOTICES. THE strong city Tyre."-Joshua xix. 29. "And Hiram king of Tyre sent messengers to David, and cedar-trees, and carpenters, and masons: and they built David an house," (1 Chron. xiv. 1.)—2 Samuel v.11. "... The strong hold of Tyre. . .”—xxiv. 7. "And... when Solomon had built... the house of the Lord, and the king's house, (now Hiram the king of Tyre had furnished Solomon with cedar-trees and fir-trees, and with gold, according to all his desire,) that then king Solomon gave Hiram twenty cities in the land of Galilee."-(2 Chron. ii.) 1 Kings ix. 10, &c. They gave money also unto the masons, and to the carpenters; and meat, and drink, and oil, unto them of Sidon, and to them of Tyre, to bring cedar-trees from Lebanon to the sea of Joppa, according to the grant that they had of Cyrus, king of Persia."-Ezra iii. 7. "There dwelt men of Tyre also therein, which brought fish, and all manner of ware, and sold on the Sabbath unto the children of Judah, and in Jerusalem." -Nehemiah xiii. 16. "And the daughter of Tyre shall be there with a gift."-Psalm xlv. 12. "They are confederate against thee... the Philistines with the inhabitants of Tyre. . ."-lxxxiii. 5—7. "The burden of Tyre. Howl, ye ships of Tarshish; for it is laid waste, so that there is no house, no enter. ing in from the land of Chittim it is revealed to them. Be still, ye inhabitants of the isle; thou whom the merchants of Zidon, that pass over the sea, have replenished. And by great waters the seed of Sihor, the harvest of the river, is her revenue; and she is a mart of nations. . . As at the report concerning Egypt, so shall they be sorely pained at the report of Tyre. Pass ye over to Tarshish, howl, ye inhabitants of the isle. Is this your joyous city, whose antiquity is of ancient days? her own feet shall carry her afar off to sojourn. Who hath taken this counsel against Tyre, the crowning city, whose merchants are princes, whose traffickers are the honourable of the earth? The Lord of Hosts hath purposed it, to stain the pride of all glory, and to bring into contempt all the honourable of the |