Jerusalem 1,100,000. Of the number last-mentioned "no fewer than 115,880 dead bodies were carried out of one gate between the 14th Xanthicus, when the Romans encamped before the city, and the 1st Panemus," when they attacked Antonia, giving an average of 1545 daily. It should be observed that 11 days after the siege began the Romans took more than half the city, and 12 days afterwards about half the remainder. So that the historian virtually asserts that nearly the whole of this vast loss of life fell upon those who were shut up in Antonia, the Temple, and the Upper City. Besides the foregoing, incredible for their magnitude, other numbers are suspicious on account of their mystical aspect. In the 1,100,000 are included the corpses of 600,000 poor persons, said to have been thrown out of the gates; but it may well be suspected that this number was framed to correspond with the 600,000 Israelites who came out of Egypt. 3600 (360 x 10) are reported to have been slain by Florus. At Joppa, and again at Jerusalem by the Zealots, 8400 were slaughtered; at Joppa 4200; at Engeddi 700; and at Masada 960. The totals too are suspicious. It is indeed difficult to make out what the numbers actually amount to, since some may or may not be included in others, and two of the numbers are given differently in different places. Usher, after Lipsius, made the sum-total of the Jews slain in 7 years, as stated by Josephus, 1,337,490: Milman reckons 1,356,460. After a careful collection of the items, we have made out 1,400,000 (70 x 40 x 500) Jews slain, and 6666 Romans. No account however is given of the number of Romans killed after the defeat of Cestius, which appears very singular when it is considered that Josephus, while a prisoner in the Roman army, must have had much better means of becoming acquainted with their loss than with that of the Jews.

inclusive is 11,111,-a singular number in itself, and having some connexion, it may be suspected, with the numbers of which we have lately met with examples, 11, 111, 1111, 333,666 the sum of the 20, exclusive of Abram, is 10,966: the sum of the 20, excluding Canaan, is 10,978. The first compared with the sum of the Samaritan Total Ages gives a difference of 27, a number which occurs twice in the Total Ages as an excess of the LXX over the Samaritan, (See ¶ 25, No. 3). The third compared with the same shews a difference of 160 or 40 x 4. The second compared with the Heb. Total Ages is less by 780 or 390 x 2: and compared with the LXX by 1666, or a millennium plus "the number of the beast," (Comp. ¶ 663).

652. In many instances we have observed that one of the half-week or intercalary numbers 3 and 7 appears to have been added to a large periodic number. This induces us to notice that Ουεσπασιανος (1287) + Τίτος (880)=2167.

653. To revert now to the more immediate consideration of the connexion of the numbers 1310 and 666 with one another and with the "half-week" numbers. We have seen that the numerical value of the mystical designation for Rome is 1285. Now 1260+25=1285. 1285+25=1310. 1310+25=1335. Thus these numbers appear to be connected by a series in arithmetical progression, of which 1260 may be the lowest term, and 2315 (See ¶ 537) the highest. But, observe, 666 × 2=1332, a number which is 3 less than the 1335 of Daniel xii. 12, the sum (as was shewn) of the numbers previously mentioned in that prophecy. And this difference of 3 is obviously to be found in that item in Daniel (x. 4), which is inserted in a manner so peculiar and diverse from the others. Omitting it, we have 21+21+ 1290=1332. Can it now be doubted that we have got the right clue, and that the numbers 666 and 1310 are connected with one another by a connexion with the half-week numbers? It is obvious that 1310-655, and hence a suspicion may arise that the difference of 11 has been added to or subtracted from the one or the other number, a conjecture which receives some support from the instances we have

* "The half-week" has been made to consist of both 1260 and 1290 days (comp. 530). Now 1290+25=1315; and 1315 Sac. Cycles would exactly measure the interval between the restoration of the Temple Services after the Captivity and their final cessation on the burning of the Temple 10th of Lous, A. D. 70. (Comp. ¶ 588, n. to 70.) Hence it may be conjectured that possibly each one of the half-week numbers may have been made the foundation of a series similar to the above.

NUT PROOFS EXPLANATIONS AND CYCLICAL COMENATINYS

624. It seems prior to sute, in the first instance, that Somatic Was directed to the systematic arrangement of the strobovogy between the creatic and the second destruction by the following elatie of periods in the article in the Journal of Sacred Literature, No. 9, which has been more than once referred to

These numbers, forming 1656, 858 (=856+2, and 1659] (=1656+3), appeared to stand in so significant a relation to one another, that we immediately set about to ascertain whether the small differences of 2 years and 31 years might not be removed. The investigation issued in the results which are embodied in the present work.

665. Heading of No. 1. The works of Josephus appear to embody the Hebrew, the Samaritan, and the LXX. computations; and it is of course to those works that these chronographies must be indebted for their systematic completeness. The fact is that the whole belong to one system, but each recension presents us with a different view and version of it. The one before us, being derived from the Hebrew Scriptures so far as they go, may properly be designated "the Hebrew computation."

666. Nos. 1 to 5. When we call to mind that every one of the chronological tables has been found to contain a multiple of 5 successions, it appears a curious coincidence that the whole duration should have been found to resolve itself into 5 periods.

667. Solar and lunar years. The reasons for so designating and regarding these years have been sufficiently exhibited in Table No. 1, and the remarks thereon. If we could advance nothing more in confirmation than the fact, that the sum-total of 4968 years is composed of items identical with the 1656 years of that Table,—this, with the precedent which that Table affords, would justify us in assuming that a commutation from solar into lunar years, similar to that proved to exist in the case of the first item, had been effected

throughout. But we are able, as will be seen, to verify the series of solar as well as that of lunar years by textual authorities. It must be observed, however, that there are two distinct cases. The first period, in which the double series cannot be authenticated after the same manner as the rest, has a method peculiar to itself which carries with it its own evidence. In the case of the others (into which this method could not be introduced), it is found that authorities can be adduced in proof of both series of periodic numbers. apprehend the adoption of two different methods in the two cases will be allowed to furnish evidence doubly corroborative of our theory.

668. No. 1. The Hebrew duration from Adam to the Deluge is 1656 years. And this, it has been shewn (¶25), is 1600 solar converted into lunar years. So that we need not dwell now on this point. It will be observed that 3 years are subjoined to the 1656 as an intercalation. This number was found to be required to perfect the periodic combinations; and it is authorised by "Shem's intercalation," that is, by the insertion required in consequence of his having been the third instead of the eldest son of Noah; and therefore (it may be assumed) born 3 years later than Noah's 500th year. The insertion of this number is also confirmed by the parallelism which is thus made with the 1659 years,the sum of Nos. 4 and 5.

669. No. 2. It will be evident at a glance that the 400 solar years from the Deluge to the Call are one fourth of the preceding 1600 years, but the 428 years are not 4th of 1656. Why is this? How is it that we have not 414? The answer is, that the 428's were required to make the "periodic combinations" exhibited, and that a rectification will hereafter appear.

670. Nos. 2 and 3. Although the lunar 428's can be authenticated as distinct periods, such is not the case with the solar 400's, for they can be proved only when taken together. Nor is it surprising, (seeing that these items are only fractional parts of a period, forming together a halfperiod, peculiarly circumstanced,) that they should be somewhat more closely linked to each other than those above and below them, which form completed periods. On the contrary, that these two periods can only be authenticated as one whole may be regarded as a designed, as it certainly is a most useful intimation that they stand in an isolated position, and that the complement of the period of which they form a part is not to be sought for in the succeeding duration. But, be that as it may, certain it is that Nos. 2 and 3, as to their

No. 1. PROOFS, EXPLANATIONS, AND CYCLICAL COMBINATIONS.

664. It seems proper to state, in the first instance, that our attention was directed to the systematic arrangement of the chronology between the creation and the second destruction by the following collocation of periods in the article in the Journal of Sacred Literature, No. 9, which has been more than once referred to.

These numbers, forming 1656, 858 (=856+2), and 16591 (=1656+31), appeared to stand in so significant a relation to one another, that we immediately set about to ascertain whether the small differences of 2 years and 3 years might not be removed. The investigation issued in the results which are embodied in the present work.

665. Heading of No. 1. The works of Josephus appear to embody the Hebrew, the Samaritan, and the LXX. computations; and it is of course to those works that these chronographies must be indebted for their systematic completeness. The fact is that the whole belong to one system, but each recension presents us with a different view and version of it. The one before us, being derived from the Hebrew Scriptures so far as they go, may properly be designated "the Hebrew computation.'

666. Nos. 1 to 5. When we call to mind that every one of the chronological tables has been found to contain a multiple of 5 successions, it appears a curious coincidence that the whole duration should have been found to resolve itself into 5 periods.

If we

667. Solar and lunar years. The reasons for so designating and regarding these years have been sufficiently exhibited in Table No. 1, and the remarks thereon. could advance nothing more in confirmation than the fact, that the sum-total of 4968 years is composed of items identical with the 1656 years of that Table,—this, with the precedent which that Table affords, would justify us in assuming that a commutation from solar into lunar years, similar to that proved to exist in the case of the first item, had been effected