the custom of the former Buddhas, he ascended to heaven from the said place called Wilwena-Rameya, and came to the place called Myangemea*, in Ceylon, and there standing on the air, he requested permission from the devils to descend; and, after he descended, he caused a thick darkness to cover every part of Ceylon, and then beams of light of different colours to issue from his body, which went through every part of this world, and also throughout the world of Brahma; and at last caused a large fire to burn throughout all Ceylon, by which the great multitude of devils were terrified, and they were gathered together on the sea-shore, without being able to go further, lamenting their destruction, and, with great lamentation, complaining to Buddha, and begging his favour. Then Buddha, by his great and mighty power, caused the devils to go to the place called Yakray Dewinat. And the second time in the sixth year after he became Buddha, on the day of the full moon, in the month of May, he came to the place called Calany in Ceylon, and settled the dispute which had taken place amongst the Nagas, or snakes; and after that, they presented him with a minepale age: and so Buddha remained there three days, preaching to the Nagas. After three days, he returned to his temple, called Deworan Wehera, and for the third time, at the end of the ninth year after he became Buddha, on the day of the full moon, in the month of July, he came to Ceylon again, and preached religion at the sixteen consecrated places on Ceylon, and so he went to the place called Getewena-Rama. And on the last day of his stay, Buddha preached to all the gods and Brahmans of ten thousand worlds: he spake in their presence, and said that his religion had such power as to continue for the space of five thousand years, in like manner as the three Buddhas called Kakasande, Konogaine, and Kassepe, who planted Bo-trees in Ceylon. And, moreover, Buddha called the god Sakra, who had the care of this world called Magal Sakwele, and gave Ceylon into his charge, and also gave him some water and thread which he had prepared to give to the prince Wijaya, who should become king of Ceylon, as a charm, to keep him secure and out of danger; and afterward, Buddha gave the island of Ceylon into the charge of the god called Upolivan, and departed this life.

We left the prince Wijaya, and his seven hundred giants who landed on Ceylon, under the shadow of a tree, called

A temple in the district of Wellasa, in Ceylon.

+ Yakray Dewina, signifies an isle of devils, in or about Manaar.

Nogihaga. Then the god Upolivan came there, in the shape of a hermit, dressed in yellow. He put the thread round the neck of the prince Wijaya, and sprinkled the water over the seven hundred giants, and so went to the world of God on the day that Buddha sent the devils, who were in Ceylon, to the place called Yakray Dewina. Seven hundred devils absented themselves in the wilderness, called Jammenawanea, and they lived on the places called Laggela and Loggela, on Ceylon; but a goddess, or female devil, called Cowani, who was on Ceylon, and had three breasts, had been informed formerly, by the god called Iswara, that whenever her middle breast should be decayed, she would have the fortune to get a husband; and on the day when the prince Wijaya and his giants landed on Ceylon, Cowani found her middle breast decayed. And while Wijaya and his giants were sitting under the shadow of the said Bo-tree, she took the form of a female dog, of five different colours, and came to the spot where the great prince Wijaya and his giants were sitting, and as soon as she came there, she went directly to the prince, and kissed his foot, and moved her tail with demonstrations of pleasure, and ran away immediately. After the dog ran away, the prince Wijaya thinking within himself that there might be human inhabitants in the neighbourhood, sent his giants one by one to inquire; and when they reached the place of Cowina, she laid hold of them, and tied them in a tank, and covered their heads with the leaves. The prince seeing that his giants did not return, bound the enchanted thread round his neck, and took his sword in his hand, and descended in search of his giants. He came to the borders of the tank where they were hid, and seeing the footsteps which they had left on going into the tank, but no sign of their having re-ascended, he began to be afraid, and very sorrowful; turning about, he saw a woman sitting in the shade of a Nuga tree, spinning a thread, which appeared like shining gold, and immediately he suspected within himself, that this person was the cause of his having lost his giants. He repaired to the place where she sat, and seizing her by the hair of the head, ordered her immediately to tell what had become of his giants. The said demon, for this was the person who had formerly appeared to the prince in the form of a dog, immediately replied, a prince, do not take my life, but promise to make me thy queen, and I will restore to thee thy seven hundred giants," The prince then promised that he would make her his queen; and to ratify

his promise, made an oath, the tenor of which was, that should he not fulfil his word, the seed sown in Ceylon should be unfruitful. She accordingly restored the said seven hundred giants to the prince; and at the place called Tammana Adawia, a palace was built as was promised, and the said demon furnished him and his giants with paddy, and rice, and cocoa-nuts, out of the wilderness.

On the same day, at night, the he-devils who resided at the place called Laggala, were to be married to the devils who resided at the place called Loggala, and the prince hearing the great noise of the wedding, when informed of the reason, replied, that it was impossible for them to remain in such a country as this, which was inhabited by devils: whereupon Cowani replied, that she would transform herself into a mare, and that the prince should ride upon her, and cut the devils to pieces. Accordingly, on the next morning, Cowani transformed herself into a mare, the prince mounted upon her, and with his seven hundred giants marched to the place where the wedding of the devils was held, and there they slaughtered all who were gathered together at the wedding; and so great was the slaughter, that the blood flowed like water round about the said place, which was called Sri wat pura; and having returned from the slaughter of the devils, Cowani was made queen. The giants, however, with reverence approached the prince, and prayed that he would admit of his being crowned king; but the prince answered, that while united with a demon, such could never take place, and so saying, sent a magnificent present to the king of Pandi, requesting that a princess might be sent to be his queen, and seven hundred women to be wives to his giants, and with them five sorts of tradesmen: and these having arrived, Cowani, the demon, was driven away; the princess of Pandi was made queen; the seven hundred women were delivered to the giants; and the prince was crowned, and began to reign as king, Cowani, out of revenge, made to herself a tongue of diamond, with an intention of killing the king; but by this time, Buddha delivered the care of Ceylon to the gods called Sakra, Brahma, Iswara kihi Relle-upul Saman; and Cumara, which conservators, watchful over the king, caused the diamond tongue to be broken, and Cowani herself they turned into a stone, and preserved the king till he had reigned thirty years; after which, he died, and went to heaven. The queen, having been barren, there was again no king in Ceylon, on which account the people elected the ate king's

VOL. III.-No. 5.

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minister, called Upatissa, to be king, and he, after his coronation, left Tammena Nuwera, and built a new city, which he called by his own name, Upatissa Nuwara, and there he reigned and kept his court.

In the mean time, the brother of the late king, Wijaya Rajah, and the son of Samita Rajah, attended with thirtytwo ministers, came from the city called Saugal Nuwara by ship, and arrived at the haven of Tammena Nuwera, and repaired to the new city, Upatissa Nuwara, dethroned the reigning king, Upatissa Rajah, and proclaimed himself king, by the name of Pandiwas Rajah; but although this person was crowned king, he had no queen; but the three kings, Sido Dana, Puso Dana, and Ameto Dana, who were the brothers of the king, who was the father of our Buddha, the master of three worlds, had amongst them six princes and a princess, which princess had become a priestess, and put on the yellow garments; and the princess, with thirty-two female attendants, and other retinue, embarked at the city called Kimbulwat Pura, and came by sea to Ceylon, and having visited the king Pandiwas Dewe Raja, he inquired concerning their arrival and intention, and having understood that the said princess had come with an intention to become his wife, he desired her to lay aside her yellow robe, and made her his queen; and the thirty-two female atendants which the queen had brought with her, he gave to his thirty-two ministers. In the mean time, the six princes, the brothers of the queen*, embarked at Kimbulwat Pura, and also arrived in Ceylon, and having visited the king, and inquired concerning their sisters, the king bestowed upon each of the princes places for them and their retinues to remain. One of the said six princes was called Ramagot Sawkya, Camara; and the place which was appointed for his residence, was called after him, Ramagot Pura Nuwara. Another was called Oersewal Sawkya Cumara, and the place which was appointed for his residence, was called Gampala Nuwara. Another of the princes was called Wisita Sawkya Cumara; and the place appointed for his residence, was called Wijeta pura Nuwara. Another of the said princes was called Anaraw Cumara; and the place appointed for his residence, was called Anuradha Pura Nuwara. Another of the said princes was called Sudo Dana Sawkya Cumara; the place appointed for his residence, was called Mawgam Nuwara. The sister of these

Among the Cinghalese people, uncles are called fathers; and cousins, brothers and sisters.

princes brought forth to the king Pandiwas, two children, a son and a daughter: the name of the son, who was the eldest, was Ambo Cumara; and the name of the daughter, who was the younger, was Mantri Bisa. And now it came to pass, that the perjury of which the king, Wijaya, had been guilty, was visited in the person of the present king, Pandiwas Dewoo Rajah, and the same having been revealed to the king in a dream, he awoke in a fright. The god called Puradaraw, otherwise Sakra, having likewise foreseen the evil which was coming upon Pandiwas, in consequence of perjury, called the god Iswara to prevent the evil which was impending over king Pandiwas (or Panduwas); and, in order, finally, to avert and turn aside the same, to bring the king called Mala Rajah to the island of Ceylon.

The Eclipse, or otherwise the planet Rahu, now transformed himself into a swine, and went to the garden of Malah Rajah, and began to tear and lay waste every thing before him. The said Mala Rajah was brought up by a princess, whom a powerful hermit caused to proceed out of a tank flower; and while Rahu, in the form of a swine, was laying waste his garden, he was in the city which he had caused to be built, and which was called Ürivel Nuwera. When the king heard that such a swine was destroying his garden in that manner, he alarmed and brought his subjects to surround the garden, in order to kill the swine, and the king himself stood in a gap, with his bow and arrow, in order to prevent the escape of the swine by that way; then the swine, making directly towards the place where the king stood, the king let his arrow fly; but the swine, without receiving the smallest injury, sprung over the king's head, and made off. The king pursued, but could not overtake the swine, who in the chase, entered the city and palace of the king, overturning and destroying all before him. The king, still more enraged by the destruction of his palace, did not cease from the chase, but with his three brothers, called Kit-Suran-and Sanda Siree, armed with poles, and bows and arrows, pursued the swine, till they came to the place called Awutheta-Cudia (i. e. Tutocoreen), and there the swine threw himself into the sea. The king and his three brothers did the same, for they all were endued with the power of walking on the water without sinking; but before this, there was no sea between Tutocoreen and Ceylon; but the demon Rawana, who governed the country between Tutocoreen and Ceylon, was very wicked'; and his country, in those days, contained a fortress, and twenty-five