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which he might have demanded of them, and did provide this Surety, his own only Son (d), imputing his righteousmess to them (e), and requiring nothing of them for their justification but faith (f), which also is his gift (g), their justification is to them of free grace (h).

Q. 72. What is justifying faith?

A. Justifying faith is a saving grace (i), wrought in the heart of a sinner by the Spirit (k) and word of God (1), whereby he, being convinced of his sin and misery, and of the disability in himself and all other creatures, to recover him out of his lost condition (m), not only assentath to the truth of the promise of the gospel (n), but re

life. For as by one man's disobedience many were made sinners, so by the obedience of one shall many be made righteous.

(d) Romans 8. 32. He that spared not his own Son, but delivered him up for us all, how shall he not with him also freely give us all things! 1 Pet. 1. 18, 19. Forasmuch as ye know that ye were not redeemed with corruptible things, as silver and gold, from your vain conversation reeeived by tradition from your fathers. But with the precious blood of Christ, as of a Lamb without blemish and without spot. . (e) 2 Cor. 5. 21. For he hath made him to be sin for us, who knew no sin; that we might be made the righteousness of God in him.

* f Rom. 3. 24, 25. Being justified freely by his grace, through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus; Whom God hath set forth to be a propitiation through faith in his blood, to declare his righteousness for the remission of sins that are past, through the forbearance of God. (g) Eph. 2. 8. For by grace are ye saved, through faith; and that not of yourselves: it is the gift of God."

(h) Eph. 1..7. In whom

we have redemption through his blood, the forgiveness of sins, according to the riches of his grace.

(i) Heb. 10. 39. But we are not of them who draw back unto perdition but of them that believe to the saving of the soul.

(k) 2 Cor. 4. 13. We having the same Spirit of faith, according as it is written, I believed, and therefore have I spoken: we also believe, and therefore speak.

(1) Romans 10. 14, 17. How then shall they call on him in whom they have not believed? and how shall they believe in him of whom they have not heard? and how shall they hear without a preacher? So then, faith cometh by hearing, and hearing by the word of God.

(m) Acts 2. 37. Now when they heard this, they were pricked in their heart, and said unto Peter and to the rest of the apostles, Men and brethren, what shall we do? Eph. 2. 1. And you hath he quickened who were dead in trespasses and sins. Acts 4. 12. Neither is there salvation in any other: for there is none other name under heaven given among men whereby we must be saved.

(n) Eph. 1. 13. In whom ye also trusted, after that ye heard D

ceiveth and resteth upon Christ and his righteousness therein held forth, for pardon of sin (0), and for the accepting and accounting of his person righteous in the sight of God for salvation (p).

Q. 73. How doth faith justify a sinner in the sight of God?

A. Faith justifies a sinner in the sight of God, not because of those other graces which do always accompany it, or of good works that are the fruits of it (q), nor as if the grace of faith, or any act thereof, were imputed to him for his justification (r); but only as it is an instrument by which he receiveth and applieth Christ and his righteousness (s).

Q. 74. What is adoption?

A. Adoption is an act of the free grace of God (t), in and for his only Son Jesus Christ (v), whereby all those that are justified are received into the number of his children (w), have his name put upon them (x), the Spirit of

the word of truth, the gospel of your salvation: in whom also, after that ye believed, ye were sealed with that holy Spirit of promise.

(0) Acts 10. 43. To him give all the prophets witness, that, through his name, whosoever believeth in him shall receive remission of sins.

(P) Phil. 3. 9. And be found in him, not having mine own righteousness which is of the law, but that which is through the faith of Christ, the righteousness which is of God by faith. Acts 15. 11. But we believe that through the grace of the Lord Jesus Christ we shall be saved even as they.

(q) Gal. 3. 11. But that no man is justified by the law in the sight of God, it is evident for, The just shall live by faith. Rom. 3. 28. Therefore we conclude that a man is justified by faith without the deeds of the law.

(r) Rom. 4. 5. But to him that worketh not, but believeth on

him that justifieth the ungodly, his faith is counted for righteousness. Compared with Rom. 10. 10. For with the heart man believeth unto righteousness, and with the mouth confession is made unto salvation.

(s) John 1. 12. But as many as received him, to them gave he power to become the sons of God, even to them that believe on his

name.

(t) 1 John 3. 1. Behold, what manner of love the Father hath bestowed upon us, that we should be called the sons of God.

(v) Eph. 1. 5. Having predestinated us to the adoption of children by Jesus Christ to himself, according to the good pleasure of his will.

(w) John 1. 12. But as many as received him, to them gave he power to become the sons of God, even to them that believe on his name.

(x) 2 Cor. 6. 18. And will be a Father unto you, and ye shall

of his Son given to them (y), are, under his fatherly care and dispensation (z), admitted to all the liberties and privileges of the sons of God, made heirs of all the promises, and fellow-heirs with Christ in glory (a)

Q. 75. What is sanctification?

A. Sanctification is a work of God's grace, whereby they whom God hath, before the foundation of the world, chosen to be holy, are in time, through the powerful operation of his Spirit (b), applying the death and resurrection of Christ unto them (c), renewed in their whole man after the image of God (d); having the seeds of repentance unto life, and of all other saving graces, put into their hearts (e); and those graces so stirred up, increased, and strengthened (f), as that they more and more die unto sin, and rise unto newness of life (g).

Q. 76. What is repentance unto life?

A. Repentance unto life is a saving grace (h), wrought

be my sons and my daughters,
saith the Lord Almighty.
(y) Gal, 4. 6. And because
ye are sons, God hath sent forth
the Spirit of his Son into your
hearts, crying, Abba, Father.

(z) Psalm 103. 13. Like as a father pitieth his children; so the Lord pitieth them that fear him.

(a) Heb. 6. 12. That ye be not slothful, but followers of them who, through faith and patience, inherit the promises. Rom. 8. 17. And, if children, then heirs; heirs of God, and joint-heirs with Christ if so be, that we suffer with him, that we may be also glorified together.

:

(b) Eph. 1. 4. According as he hath chosen us in him, before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy, and without blame before him in love.

(c) Rom. 6. 4. Therefore we are buried with him by baptism into death: that like as Christ was raised up from the dead by the glory of the Father, even so

we also should walk in newness of life.

(d) Eph. 4. 24. And that ye put on the new man, which after God is created in righteousness and true holiness.

(e) Acts 11. 18. When they heard these things, they held their peace, and glorified God, saying, Then hath God also to the Gentiles granted repentance unto life. 1 John 3. 9. Whosoever is born of God, doth not commit sin: for his seed remaineth in him: and he cannot sin, because he is born of God.

(f) Eph. 3. 16. That he would grant you according to the riches of his glory, to be strengthened with might by his Spirit in the inner-man.

(g) Rom. 6. 4. Therefore we are buried with him by baptism into death that like as Christ was raised up from the dead by the glory of the Father, even so we also should walk in newness of life.

(h) 2 Tim. 2. 25. In meek

in the heart of a sinner by the Spirit (i) and word of God (k), whereby out of the sight and sense, not only of the danger (1), but also of the filthiness and odiousness of his sins (m), and upon the apprehension of God's mercy in Christ to such as are penitent (n), he so grieves for (o), and hates his sins (p), as that he turns from them all to God (q), purposing and endeavouring constantly to walk with him in all the ways of new obedience (r).

Q. 77. Wherein do justification and sanctification differ? A. Although sanctification be inseparably joined with

ness instructing those that oppose themselves; if God peradventure will give them repentance to the acknowledging of the truth.

(i) Zech. 12. 10. And I will pour upon the house of David, and upon the inhabitants of Jerusalem, the Spirit of grace and of supplications; and they shall look upon me whom they have pierced, and they shall mourn for him, as one mourneth for his only son, and shall be in bitterness for him, as one that is in bitterness for his first-born.

(k) Acts 11. 18. When they heard these things, they held their peace, and glorified God, saying, Then hath God also to the Gentiles granted repentance unto life.

(1) Ezek. 18. 28. Because he considereth, and turneth away from all his transgressions that he hath committed, he shall surely live, he shall not die.

(m) Ezek. 36. 31. Then shall ye remember your own evil ways, and your doings that were not good, and shall loathe yourselves in your own sight, for your iniquities, and for your abominations.

(n) Joel 2. 12, 13. Therefore also now, saith the Lord, Turn ye even to me with all your heart, and with fasting, and with weeping, and with mourning. And rend your heart, and not your garments, and turn unto the Lord

your God: for he is gracious and merciful, slow to anger, and of great kindness, and repenteth him of the evil.

(0) Jer. 31. 18, 19. I have surely heard Ephraim bemoaning himself thus, Thou hast chastised me, and I was chastised, as a bullock unaccustomed to the yoke : turn thou me, and I shall be turned: for thou art the Lord my God. Surely after that I was turned, I repented: and after that I was instructed, I smote upon my thigh: I was ashamed, yea, even confounded, because I did bear the reproach of my youth.

(p) 2 Cor. 7. 11. For behold, this self-same thing that ye sorrowed after a godly sort, what carefulness it wrought in you, yea, what clearing of yourselves, yea, what indignation, yea, what fear, yea, what vehement desire, yea, what zeal, yea, what revenge! in all things ye have approved yourselves to be clear in this matter.

(q) Acts 26. 18. To open their eyes, and to turn them from darkness to light, and from the power of Satan unto God, that they may receive forgiveness of sins, and inheritance among them which are sanctified by faith that is in me.

(r) Psal. 119. 6. Then I shall not be ashamed, when I have respect unto all thy commandments.

justification (s), yet they differ, in that God in justification imputeth the righteousness of Christ (t); in sancti fication his Spirit infuseth grace, and enableth to the exercise thereof (v); in the former, sin is pardoned (w); in the other, it is subdued (x): the one doth equally free all believers from the revenging wrath of God, and that perfectly in this life, that they never fall into condemnation (y); the other is neither equal in all (z), nor in this life perfect in any (a), but growing up to perfection (b). Q. 78. Whence ariseth the imperfection of sanctification in believers ?

A. The imperfection of sanctification in believers, ariseth from the remnants of sin abiding in every part of them, and the perpetual lustings of the flesh against the spirit; whereby they are often foiled with temptations, and fall into many sins (c), are hindered in all their spi

(s) 1 Cor. 1. 30. But of him are ye in Christ Jesus, who of God is made unto us wisdom, and righteousness, and sanctification, and redemption.

(t) Rom. 4. 6, 8. Even as David also describeth the blessedness of the man unto whom God imputeth righteousness without works. Blessed is the man to whom the Lord will not impute sin.

(v) Ezek. 36. 27. And I will put my Spirit within you, and cause you to walk in my statutes, and ye shall keep my judgments and do them.

(w) Rom. 3. 24, 25. Being justified freely by his grace, through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus: Whom God hath set forth to be a propitiation through faith in his blood, to declare his righteousness for the remission of sins that are past, through the forbearance of God.

(x) Rom. 6. 6. Knowing this, that our old man is crucified with him, that the body of sin might be destroyed, that henceforth we should not serve sin."

(y) Rom. 8. 33. Who shall lay any thing to the charge of God's elect? It is God that justifieth.

(z) Heb. 5. 13, 14. For every one that useth milk, is unskilful in the word of righteousness: for he is a babe. But strong meat belongeth to them that are of full age, even those who, by reason of use, have their senses exercised to discern both good and evil.

And if we

(a) 1 John 1. 8. say that we have no sin, we deceive ourselves, and the truth is not in us. v. 10. If we say, that we have not sinned, we make him a liar, and his word is not in us.

(b) 2 Cor. 7. 1. Having therefore these promises, dearly belov ed, let us cleanse ourselves from all filthiness of the flesh and spirit, perfecting holiness in the fear of God.

(c) Rom. 7. 18, 23. For I know that in me (that is, in my flesh) dwelleth no good thing: for to will is present with me, but how to perform that which is good, I find not. But I see another law in my members, warring against the law of my mind,

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