of such unparalleled magnitude into the arena of strife between them. It produced, on both sides, a series of partizan and corrupting legislative measures, which disgrace the annals of the United States. The conflict of 1861, was, indeed, a war of races, of ideas, of interests, of passions, of institutions, and of words, long before it became a war of deeds and of blood. The manner in which this war arose and progressed, till, in the end, it produced the earthquake and volcano of 1861, yet remains to be described by the pen of the historian.—ALBERT TAYLOR BLEDSOE, The Origin of the Late War (1867).

War, The Civil.-It will be a glorious day for our country when all the children within its borders shall learn that the four years of fratricidal war between the North and the South was waged by neither with criminal or unworthy intent, but by both to protect what they conceived to be threatened rights and imperiled liberty; that the issues which divided the sections were born when the Republic was born, and were forever buried in an ocean of fraternal blood. We shall then see, that under God's providence, every sheet of flame from the blazing rifles of the contending armies, every whizzing shell that tore through the forests at Shiloh and Chancellorsville, every cannon-shot that shook Chickamauga's hills or thundered around the heights of Gettysburg, and all the blood and the tears that were shed are yet to become contributions for the upbuilding of American manhood and for the future defence of American freedom. The Christian Church received its baptism of pentecostal power as it emerged from the shadows of Calvary, and went forth to its world-wide work with greater unity and a diviner purpose. So the Republic, rising from its baptism of blood with a national life more robust, a national union more complete, and a national influence ever widening, shall go forever forward in its benign mission to humanity.JOHN B. GORDON, Reminiscences of the Civil War.

War, The Civil.-No war in human history was a sincerer conflict than the American Civil War. It was not a war of conquest or glory. To call it rebellion is to speak ignorantly. To call it treason is to add viciousness to stupidity. It was a war of ideals, of principles, of political conceptions, of

loyalty to ancient ideals of English freedom held dearer than life by both sides. Neither abolitionist nor fire-eater brought on this war. It was a "brothers' war," which ought to have been avoided, but which was brought on, as our human nature is constituted, by the operation of economic forces and the clashing of inherited feelings, woven by no will of either side into the life of the Republic. It was settled at last by neither abolitionist nor fire-eater, but by men of the West who had not inherited unbroken political traditions, but simply saw the union of American States as the ark of their salvation and beheld its flag, as Webster beheld it, "full high advanced, floating over land and sea."-EDWIN A. ALDERMAN, Sectionalism and Nationality, Address Delivered at the Annual Banquet of the New England Society, New York City, December 22, 1906.

Washington, George. To the memory of the man, first in war, first in peace, and first in the hearts of his countrymen.-HENRY LEE, Eulogy on Washington, Dec. 26, 1799.

Washington, George.-Presently George and his hatchet made their appearance. "George," said his father, “do you know who killed that beautiful little cherry-tree yonder in the garden?" This was a tough question; and George staggered under it for a moment; but quickly recovered himself and looking at his father, with the sweet face of youth brightened with the inexpressible charm of all-conquering truth, he bravely cried out, "I can't tell a lie, Pa; you know I can't tell a lie. I did cut it with my hatchet." "Run to my arms you dearest boy," cried his father in transports, "run to my arms; glad am I, George, that you killed my tree; for you have paid me for it a thousand fold. Such an act of heroism in my son is more worth than a thousand trees, though blossomed with silver, and their fruits of purest gold."-MASON LOCKE WEEMS, Life of Washington (1800).

Washington, George.—No man has ever appeared upon the theatre of public action, whose integrity was more incorruptible, or whose principles were more perfectly free from the contamination of those selfish and unworthy passions, which find their nourishment in the conflicts of party. Hav

ing no views which required concealment, his real and avowed motives were the same; and his whole correspondence does not furnish a single case, from which even an enemy would infer that he was capable, under any circumstances, of stooping to the employment of duplicity. No truth can be uttered with more confidence than that his ends were always upright, and his means always pure. He exhibits the rare example of a politician to whom wiles were absolutely unknown, and whose professions to foreign governments, and to his own countrymen, were always sincere. In him was fully exemplified the real distinction, which forever exists, between wisdom and cunning, and the importance as well as truth of the maxim that "honesty is the best policy."-JOHN MARSHALL, The Life of George Washington, 1804-1807.

WHITMAN, WALT.-Whitman is poetry's butcher. Huge raw collops slashed from the rump of poetry and never mind gristle—is what Whitman feeds our souls with. As near as I can make it out, Whitman's argument seems to be, that, because a prairie is wide, therefore debauchery is admirable, and because the Mississippi is long, therefore every American is God.-SIDNEY LANIER, Notes, quoted in Ward's Memorial, p. 38.

Wife, The.—

They locked him in a prison cell,

Murky and mean.

She kissed him there a wife's farewell

The bars between.

And when she turned to go, the crowd,
Thinking to see her shamed and bowed,
Saw her pass out as calm and proud
As any queen.

-JOHN CHARLES MCNEILL, The Wife

Wilde, Richard Henry.

Bard of the South!—the "Summer Rose”
May perish with the "Autumn Leaf,"
The "footprints left on Tampa's shores"
May vanish with a date as brief:

But thine shall be the "life" of fame;

No winter winds can wreck thy name;
And future minstrels shall rehearse

Thy virtues, in memorial verse!

-ALEXANDER BEAUFORT MEEK, The Death of Richard Henry Wilde.

BIBLIOGRAPHY OF BOOKS AND SPECIAL ARTICLES ON SOUTHERN LITERATURE

THIS Bibliography has been in process of compilation fo several years. It is not complete-no bibliography is—but, as the first bibliography of its sort, it is published with the view of stimulating the further study of Southern literature by showing both how much and how little have already been done. Editions and biographies of individual authors as also compilations and studies of the literature of individual States are, of course, not included here. The author will be grateful for corrections and for additions.