said, the United States will add the sum of three thousand dollars to the one thousand five hundred dollars heretofore allowed them by an article ratified by the President, on the twenty third day of April, 1792, making in the whole four thousand five hundred dollars; which shall be expended yearly, forever, in purchasing clothing, domestic animals, implements of husbandry, and other utensils, suited to their circumstances, and in compensating useful artificers, who shall reside with or near them, and be employed for their benefit. The immediate application of the whole annual allowance now stipulated, to be made by the superintendent, appointed by the President, for the affairs of the Six Nations, and their Indian friends aforesaid.

ART. 7. Lest the firm peace and friendship now established should be interrupted by the misconduct of individuals, the United States and Six Nations agree, that, for injuries done by individuals, on either side, no private revenge or retaliation shall take place; but, instead thereof, complaint shall be made by the party injured, to the other; by the Six Nations, or any of them, to the President of the United States, or the superintendent by him appointed; and by the superintendent, or other person appointed by the President, to the principal chiefs of the Six Nations, or of the nation to which the offender belongs; and such prudent measures shall then be pursued, as shall be necessary to preserve our peace and frienship unbroken, until the Legislature (or great council) of the United States shall make other equitable provision for the purpose.

NOTE. It is clearly understood by the parties to this treaty, that the annuity, stipulated in the sixth article, is to be applied to the benefit of such of the Six Nations, and of their Indian friends united with them, as aforesaid, as do or shall reside within the boundaries of the United States: for the United States do not interfere with nations, tribes, or families of Indians, elsewhere resident.

In witness whereof, the said Timothy Pickering, and the sachems and war chiefs of the said Six Nations, have hereunto set their hands and seals.

Done at Canandaigua, in the State of New York, the eleventh day of November, in the year one thousand seven hundred and ninety-four.

TIMOTHY PICKERING.

(Signed by fifty-nine sachems and war chiefs of the Six Nations.)

[Enclosure 2.]

A Treaty between the United States of America and the Oneida, Tuscarora, and Stockbridge Indians, dwelling in the country of the Oneidas.

Whereas, in the late war between Great Britain and the United States of America, a body of the Oneida and Tuscarora and Stockbridge Indians, adhered faithfully to the United States, and assisted them with their warriors; and, in consequence of this adherence and assistance, the Oneidas and Tuscaroras, at an unfortunate period of the war, were driven from their homes, and their houses were burnt, and their property destroyed; and, as the United States, in the time of their distress, acknowledged their obligations to these faithful friends, and promised to reward them; and the United States being now in a condition to fulfil the promises then made, the following articles are stipulated by the respective parties, for that purpose; to be in force, when ratified by the President and Senate:

ARTICLE I. The United States will pay the sum of five thousand dollars, to be distributed among individuals of the Oneida and Tuscarora nations, as a compensation for their individual losses and services, during the late war between Great Britain and the United States. The only man of the Kaughnawaugas, now remaining in the Oneida country, as well as some few very meritorious persons of the Stockbridge Indians, will be considered in the distribution.

ART. 2. For the general accommodation of these Indian nations, residing in the country of the Oneidas, the United States will cause to be erected a complete grist mill and saw mill, in a situation to serve the present principal settlements of these nations; or, if such one convenient situation cannot be found, then the United States will cause to be erected two such grist mills and saw mills, in places where it is now known the proposed accommodation may be effected. Of this the United States will judge.

ART. 3. The United States will provide, during three years after the mills shall be completed, for the expense of employing one or two suitable persons to manage the mills, to keep them in repair, to instruct some young men of the three nations in the arts

of the miller and sawyer, and to provide teams and utensils for carrying on the work of the mills.

Art. 4. The United States will pay one thousand dollars, to be applied in building a convenient church at Oneida, in the place of the one which was there burnt by the enemy, in the late war. ART. 5. In consideration of the above stipulations, to be performed on the part of the United States, the Oneida, Tuscarora, and Stockbridge Indians, aforementioned, now acknowledge themselves satisfied, and relinquish all other claims of compensation and rewards for their losses and services in the late war; excepting, only, the unsatisfied claims of such men of the said nations as bore commissions under the United States, for any arrears which may be due to them as officers.

In witness whereof, the chiefs of those nations, residing in the country of the Oneidas, and Timothy Pickering, agent for the United States, have hereto set their hands and seals, at Oneida, the second day of December, in the year one thousand seven hundred and ninety-four.

TIMOTHY PICKERING.

(Signed by fifteen sachems and war-chiefs, of the Oneida, Tuscarora, and Stockbridge Indians.)

(NOTE. Other papers, referred to in the message, are not on file. [Appearing in original text].)

EXHIBIT 70.

Extract of a letter from Major General Wayne to the Secretary of War.1

HEAD QUARTERS, GREENVILLE, 23d December, 1794.

SIR: I have the honor to inform you, that the flag from the Wyandots of Sandusky, after an absence of forty-two days, returned to this place on the evening of the 14th instant.

The enclosed copies of letters and speeches, will best demonstrate the insidious part recently taken by the British agents, Messrs. Simcoe, M'Kee, and Brandt, to stimulate the savages to continue the war, who being but too well acquainted with the near approach of that period, in which the legion will be dissolved,

1American State Papers, Indian Affairs, Vol. I, p. 547.

have artfully suggested a suspension of hostilities until spring, in order to lull us into a state of security, to prevent the raising of troops, and to afford the Indians an opportunity to make their fall and winter hunt unmolested.

In the interim, the British are vigilantly employed in strengthening and making additions to their fortification at the foot of the rapids of the Miamies of the lake, evidently with a view of convincing the Indians of their determination to assist and protect them; hence, there is strong ground to conclude, that Governor Simcoe has not received any orders to the contrary, otherwise he would not presume to persevere in those nefarious acts of hostility.

The Wyandots and other Indians, at and in the vicinity of the rapids of Sandusky, are completely within our power, and their hunting grounds all within striking distance; hence their present solicitude for a suspension of hostilities.

It is, however, probable that

may now be seriously inclined for peace, being the only surviving principal chief out of four, belonging to the Wyandots of Sandusky; the other three were killed in the action of the 20th August, and he himself shot through the right elbow, which has deprived him of the use of that arm; add to this his present candid information and opinion, which is corroborated by

now with me, who has a little village of his own, consisting of a few Indian families, settled at and well known to be friendly to the United States.

All those people either are, or affect to be, in dread of the hostile Indians in the vicinity of Detroit, (who are under the immediate influence of the British agents) on account of the part they have recently taken.

says, that the present flag is sent without the privity or consent of those tribes, and expresses some doubts of its safe return, should any of the hostile Indians meet it on its way home, and discover the object of its mission.

I shall endeavor to benefit by this real or affected dread, and propose to take them under the immediate protection of the United States, and to build a fortification at the foot of the rapids of Sandusky, as soon as the season and circumstances will permit; this will serve as a criterion by which their sincerity may be tried, and perfectly consistent with the treaty of the 9th February, 1789.

But unless Congress have already, or will immediately adopt effectual measures to raise troops, to garrison this as well as the other posts already established, it would only be a work of supererogation, as the whole must be abandoned by the middle of May.

I have, however, succeeded in dividing and distracting the counsels of the hostile Indians, and hope, through that means, eventually to bring about a general peace, or to compel the refractory to pass the Mississippi, and to the northwest side of the lakes.

The British agents have greatly the advantage in this business at present, by having it in their power to furnish the Indians with every necessary supply of arms, ammunition, and clothing, in exchange for their skins and furs, which will always make the savages dependent upon them, until the United States establish trading houses in their country, from which they can be supplied with equal facility, and at as reasonable rates.

The country we acquired in the course of the late campaign, and the posts we now occupy, are happily situate for this purpose, and which, with the addition of a post at Sandusky, and one at the mouth of the Miamies of the lake, would render the Indians as dependent upon the United States then, as they are now upon the British.

If my recollection serves me, the President has, more than once, recommended this measure to the serious attention of Congress; and without it is adopted, we can never expect a permanent peace with, or fidelity from the Indians.

Could I, with truth and propriety, pledge myself to the hostile tribes, that this measure would be adopted, and that they would, with certainty, be supplied in this way, in the course of the ensuing spring, as well as in future, I am confident we should draw them over to our interest, notwithstanding every effort of the British to prevent it; because the inclemency of the winter season, the sterility of soil, and the scarcity of game, within the British territory, are all opposed to their removing to the north side of the lakes; and certain I am, that, had not Governor Simcoe held up to the Indians, at the late council, the fond, but, I trust, idle hope, of compelling the Americans to abandon and relinquish to them, all the posts and lands on the west side of the Ohio, the principal part of the hostile tribes would either have accepted of the invitation to treat, or have passed to the Spanish side of the Mississippi, in the course of the fall and winter.