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gistrate; and therefore being once conferred, it could not by the civil power be taken away. That power might deprive the bishops of their temporalities, but it could not deprive them of their spiritual authority. These consecrations, therefore, in a spiritual sense, were pure, though perhaps not prudent or politic. Into the farther discussion of this question, however, we shall not enter.

In the schedule of the Scotch Bishops, Dr. Hickes is mentioned as being one, who, with two of the deprived English Bishops, consecrated Dr. Gadderar, Bishop of Aberdeen, with whom our author kept up a friendly correspondence.

Bishop Hickes, for so we feel no scruple in calling him, was a man of universal learning; of a very high and independent mind, strictly conscientious, and of sincere piety. His doctrinal sentiments were uniformly orthodox; and he was equally powerful as a writer against Popery and Puritanism. He lived on terms of the greatest intimacy with the most eminent persons of his time, and even with some of those whose opinions were very remote from his own. He was the particular friend of the pious Mr. Nelson, and assisted him in his writings.

Dr. Hickes was very skilful in the old Northern languages, and he has left some inestimable works on those subjects. The chief of these are, 1. Institutiones Grammaticæ Anglo-Saxonicæ et Mæso-Gothicæ. Gram

matica Islandica Runolphi Jone. Catalogus librorum Septentrionalium. Accedit Edvardi Bernardi Etymologicum Britannicum, Oxon. 1689. 4to. 2. Antiquæ literaturæ Septentrionalis, libri duo: quorum primus G. Hickesii, S. T. P. Linguarum Veterum Septentrionalium thesaurum grammatico-criticum et Archæologicum, ejusdem de antiquæ Literaturæ Septentrionalis utilitate dissertationem epistolarum, et Andreæ Fountaine equitis aurati numismata Saxonica et Dano-Saxonica, complectitur: alter continet Humfredi Wanleii librorum veterum Septentrionalium, qui in Angliæ Bibliothecis extant, catalogum historico-criticum, nec non multorum veterum codicum Septentrionalium alibi extantium notitiam, cum totius operis sex indicibus, Oron. 1705, folio. Foreigners, as well as Englishmen, who had any love for the study of antiquities, have justly admired this splendid and laborious work. The envoy of the Grand Duke of Tuscany sent a copy of it to his master, who looking into it, and finding it full of strange characters,

characters, called a concil of the Dotti, and commanded them to peruse, and give him an account of it.

They did so, and reported it to be an excellent work, and that they believed the author to be a man of a particular head; for this was the envoy's compliment to Dr. Hickes, when he went to him with a present from his

master.

Some years before he died, the doctor was grievously tormented with the stone; and at length his constitution, though naturally strong, gave way to that distemper, December 15th, 1715, in his 74th year,

His other works are:

1. A Letter sent from beyond the Seas, to one of the Chief Ministers of the Non-conforming Party, &c. 1674. This was afterwards reprinted in 1684, under the title of " The Judgment of an anonymous Writer concerning the following particulars: first, A law for disabling a Papist to inherit the Crown: secondly, The Execution of Penal Laws against Protestant Dissenters: thirdly, A Bill of Comprehension: all briefly discussed in a Letter sent from beyond the Seas to a Dissenter ten years ago." 2, Ravillac Redivivus, being a narrative of the late Trial of Mr. James Mitchel, a Conventicle Preacher, who was executed Jan, 18, 1677, for an Attempt on the Person of the Archbishop of St. Andrew's, &c. 3. The Spirit of Popery speaking out of the Mouths of fanatical Protestants; or the last speeches of Mr. John Kid and Mr. John King, two Presbyterian Ministers, who were executed for High Treason at Edinburgh, on Aug. 14, 1679. 4. Jovian; or an Answer to Julian the Apostate, 1683. 8vo. 5. The Case of Infant Baptism, 1683. This was inserted in the second volume of the London Cases, 1685, 4to. 6. An Apologetical Vindication of the Church of England, in Answer to her Adversaries, who reproach her with the English Heresies and Schisms, 1686; reprinted with additions in 1706, 8vo. 7. The celebrated story of the Theban Legion, no Fable; in answer to the Objections of Dr. Gilbert Burnet's Preface to his Translation of Lactantius de Mortibus Persecutorum, with some Remaks on his Discourse of Persecution, 1714, 8vo. 8. Reflections upon a Letter out of the Country to a Member of this present Parliament, occasioned by a Letter to a member of the House of Commons, concerning the Bishops lately in the Tower, and now under Suspension, 1689. 9. A Letter to the Author of a late paper, entitled, a Vindication of the Divines of the Church of England, &c. in Defence of the History of passive Obedience, 1689. 10. A Word to the Wavering, in Answer to Dr. Gilbert Burnet's Enquiry into the present State of Affairs, 1689. 11, An Apology for the New Separation, in a Letter

a Letter to Dr. Sharp, Archbishop of York, &c. 1691. 12. A Vindication of some among ourselves against the false Principles of Dr. Sherlock, &c. 1692. 13. Some Discourses on Dr. Burnet and Dr. Tillotson, occasioned by the late Funeral Sermon of the former upon the latter, 1695. 14. The Pretences of the Prince of Wales examined and rejected, &c. 1701. 15. A Letter in the Philosophical Transactions, entitled, "Epistola Viri Rev. D. G. Hickesii, S. T. P. ad D. Hans Sloane, M. D. et S. R. Secr. de Varia Lectione Inscriptionis, quæ in Statua Tagis exaratur per quatuor alphabeta Hetrusca." 16. Several Letters which passed between Dr. G. Hickes and a Popish Priest, &c. 1705, 8vo. 17. A second volume of Controver sial Letters, relating to the Church of England, and the Church of Rome, 1701, Svo, 18. Two Treatises, one of the Christian Priesthood, the other of the Dignity of the Episcopal Order, 2 vols. 8vo. 1711. 19. A seasonable and modest Apology, in behalf of the Rev. Dr. Hickes, and other Nonjurors, in a Letter to Thomas Wise, D.D. 1710, 8vo. 20. A Vindication of Dr. Hickes, and the Author of the Seasonable and Modest Apology from the Reflections of Dr. Wise, &c. 1712. 21. Two Letters to Robert Nelson, Esq. relating to Bishop Bull, published in the life of that excellent prelate. 22. Some Queries proposed to Civil, Canon, and Common Lawyers, 1712. 8vo. 23. Several Sermons printed at different times and collected into 2 volumes 8vo. 24. A Letter on the Intermediate State, &c. in Campbell's elaborate Treatise on that Subject. 25. A volume of posthumous Sermons, with a preface by Mr. Spinckes. To this catalogue might be added several other pieces which we do not now recollect.

MISCELLANIES.

FOR THE ORTHODOX CHURCHMAN'S MAGAZINE,

SCRIPTURAL ILLUSTRATIONS.
ISAIAH XIV. 9, 18.

Hell (i. e. Hades, the receptacle of the dead) from beneath is moved for thee to meet thee at thy coming; it stirreth up the dead for thee, even all the chief ones of the earth; it hath raised up from their thrones all the kings of the nations. All the kings, even all of them lie in glory, every one in his own house.

HIS sublime description of the fall of the King of

TBabylon, and his reception among the departed of

his

his own rank, will be more clearly conceived by a view of the royal sepulchres in the east, which is accurately given by our countryman, Mr. Maundrell, in his travels from Aleppo to Jerusalem, page 76.

"The next place we came to, was those famous grots called the Sepulchres of the Kings; but for what reason they go by that name is hard to resolve: for it is certain none of the kings, either of Israel or Judah, were buried here, the Holy Scriptures assigning other places for their sepultures: unless it may be thought perhaps, that Hezekiah was here interred, and that these were the sepulchres of the sons of David, mentioned in Chron. 32, 33. Whoever was buried here, this is certain, that the place itself discovers so great an expence both of labour and treasure, that we may well suppose it to have been the work of kings. You approach to it at the east side, through an entrance cut out of the natural rock, which admits you into an open court of about forty spaces square, cut down into the rock, with which it is encompassed instead of walls. On the south side of the court is a portico nine paces long, and four broad, hewn likewise out of the natural rock. This has a kind of architrave running along its front, adorned with sculpture of fruits and flowers, still discernable, but by time much defaced. At the end of the portico on the left hand, you descend to the passage into the sepulchres. The door is now so obstructed with stones and rubbish, that it is a thing of some difficulty to creep through it. But within you arrive in a large fair room, about seven or eight yards square, cut out of the natural rock. Its sides and ceiling are so exactly square, and its angles so just, that no architect with levels and plummets could build a room more regular. And the whole is so firm and entire, that it may be called a chamber hollowed out of one piece of marble. From this room, you pass into, I think, six more one within another, all of the same fabric with the first. Of these, the two innermost are deeper than the rest, having a second descent of about six or seven steps into them.

In every one of these rooms, except the first, were coffins of stone placed in niches in the sides of the chambers. They had been at first covered with handsome lids, and carved with garlands; but now most of them were broke to pieces by sacrilegious hands. The sides and ceiling of the rooms were always dropping with the moist damps condensing upon them. To remedy which

nuisance,

nuisance, and to preserve these chambers of the dead polite and clean, there was in each room a small channel cut in the floor, which served to drain the drops that fall constantly into it."

JONAH iv. 8.

And it came to pass, when the sun did arise, that God prepared a vehement east wind; and the sun beat upon the head of Jonah that he fainted, and wished in himself to die, and said, It is better for me to die than to live.

THIS account of the extreme heat of the climate of Nineveh is well illustrated in the ingenious Mr. Campbell's Travels, page 130.

"It was early in the evening when the pointed turrets of the city of Mosul opened on our view, and communicated no very unpleasant sensations to my heart. I found myself on scripture ground, and could not help feeling some portion of the pride of the traveller, when I reflected that I was now within sight of NINEVEн renowned in holy-writ. The city is seated in a very barren sandy plain, on the banks of the river Tigris, embellished with the united gifts of Pomona, Ceres, and Flora. The external view of the town is much in its favour, being encompassed with stately walls of solid stone, over which the steeples or minarets of other lofty buildings are seen with increased effect. Here I first saw a caravan encamped, halting on its march from the gulph of Persia to Armenia; and it certainly made a most noble appearance, filling the eye with a multitude of grand objects, all uniting to form one magnificent whole.

"But though the outside be so beautiful, the inside is most detestable: the heat is so intense, that in the middle. of the day there is no stirring out, and even at night, the walls of the houses are so heated by the day's sun, as to produce a disagreeable heat to the body, at a foot or even a yard distance from them. However, I entered it with spirits, because I considered it as the last stage of the worst part of my pilgrimage. But, alas! I was disappointed in my expectation; for the TIGRIS was dried up by the intensity of the heat and an unusual long drought, and I was obliged to take the matter with a patient shrug, and accommodate my mind to a journey on horseback, which, though not so long as that I had already made, Vol. XI. Churchm. Mag. Sept. 1806. Z

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