1561.

AN. REG.3, sufficient testimony of the banns being asked in the several churches where they dwell, or otherwise were sufficiently licensed that there should be no other days observed for holy days or fasting days, as of duty and commandment, but only such holy days as be expressed for holy days in the Kalendar lately set forth by the Queen's authority'; and none other fasting days to be so commanded, but as the laws and proclamation of the Queen's Majesty should appoint: that it should not be lawful to any Ordinary to assign or enjoin the parishes to buy any books of sermons or expositions in any [other] sort than is already, or shall be hereafter, appointed by public authority: that neither the Curates, or parents of the children which are brought to Baptism should answer for them at the font, but that the ancient use of godfathers and god

the province, of his and their doings, and by them allowed; except it be for cause of repairing the same.

"Item, that neither the curates nor the parents of the children alter the common used manner for godfathers and godmothers to answer for the children, nor shall condemn the accustomable usage in the same.

"Item, that it shall not be lawful to any ordinary to assign or enjoin the parishes to buy any books of sermons or expositions, in any other sort than is already, or shall be hereafter, appointed by public authority.

"Item, that there be none other days observed for holy days or fasting days, as of duty and commandment, but only such holy days as be expressed for holy days in the Kalendar late set forth by the Queen's authority. And none other fasting days (to be so commanded), but as the laws and proclamations by the Queen's Majesty provided in the same do appoint.

"Item, that the parson, vicar, or curate, with the churchwardens, shall yearly make and exhibit unto the registers [registrars] of the Ordinary, the names and surnames of all persons married, christened, and buried, within their said parishes, by bill indented, with the subscription of their hands: noting the day and year of the said christenings, marriages, and burials, out of their original register kept in custody, as is appointed by the Queen's Majesty's Injunctions.

"Item, that no parson, vicar, or curate of any exempt churches, or otherwise called lawless Churches, do attempt to conjoin by solemnization of matrimony any persons not being of his parish, without sufficient testitimony of the banns asking in the Churches where they dwell: or otherwise be authorized lawfully to marry.

"Imprinted at London in Powles Church-yard, by Richard Jugge, Printer to the Queen's Majesty. Cum privilegio Regiæ Majestatis."

1 The Calendar was revised in 1561. See Liturgical Services of Eliz. ed. Park. Soc. xxxiii. 435-455.

1561.

mothers should be still retained: and finally, that in all such AN.REG. 3, churches in which the steps to the altar were not taken down, the said steps should remain as before they did; that the communion table should be set in the said place where the steps then were, or had formerly stood; and that the table of God's precepts should be fixed upon the wall over the said communion board." Which passage compared with that in the Advertisements, published in the year 1565, (of which more hereafter1), make up this construction,-that the communion table was to stand above the steps, and under the commandments; and therefore all along the wall, on which the ten commandments were appointed to be placed: which was directly where the altar had stood before. Some other innovations and disorders had been obtruded on the Church at the same time also by those of the Genevian faction; for the suppressing whereof, before they should prescribe to any antiquity, the like course was taken. But what those innovations and disorders were, will easily be seen by the perusal of the Orders themselves, which were then published in print by the Queen's command; as a judicious apothecary is able to conjecture by the doctor's recipe at the distemper of the patient, and the true quality of the disease.

of Merlors' and

Schools.

16. Nothing else memorable in this year of a public Foundation nature but the foundation of the Merchant-Tailors' School in chant-TaiLondon ;-first founded by the master, warden, and assistants of Sandwich the company of Merchant-Tailors, whence it had the name, and by them founded for a seminary to St John's in Oxon, built and endowed at the sole costs and charges of one of their livery'. The school kept in a fair large house in the parish of St Laurence Pountney, heretofore called the Manor of Roose®, belonging to the Dukes of Buckingham; towards the purchase and accommodating whereof to the present use, five hundred pounds was given by one Richard Hills, who had been once 1 Eliz. vi. 8.

2

Comp. Cypr. Anglic. p. 20. The words of the order, and Heylyn's reasoning on them, are inconsistent with the notion which has of late been very confidently propounded,—that the Elizabethan reformers intended to place the Commandments in the chancel-arch, as a substitute for the images which they removed from the screen.

3 Sup. p. 229.

"The Roose." Stow, Chron. "The Rose." Id. Survey.

1561.

AN. REG.3, master of the company, and still lives in the charity of so good a work1. The day of the foundation is affirmed by Stow 2 to have been the 21st of March, and so may either fall in the year 1560 or 1561, according to the several computations which are now in use; but howsoever within the compass of this third year of the Queen. And it is probable that it may be fixed by him upon that day, either because the purchase of the house doth bear date upon it, or because it was then first opened for a grammar-school. And of this kind, but of a far more private nature, was the foundation of another grammarschool in the town of Sandwich, built at the charge of Sir Roger Manwood, and endowed with 407. per annum, which was a very large allowance as the times then were3.

1

1 The name of Hills is familiar to the readers of the Zurich Letters, as a correspondent of Bullinger and other reformers, and a benefactor to the exiles in the reign of Mary.

2 Chron. 647. Survey, 64.

3 See Hasted's Hist. of Kent, iv. 273-4; Strype's Parker, 138-9. Manwood was a barrister when he set the design on foot, with the assistance of others, about 1563. His monument, in St Stephen's Church, Hackington, near Canterbury, states that he became a judge of the Queen's Bench in 1567, chief baron of the Exchequer in 1578, and died in 1592. A letter from Parker to Cecil, in favour of the design, dated Aug. 27, 1563, is printed by Ellis, Orig. Letters, 2nd Series, ii. 268.

ANNO REGNI ELIZ. 4.

ANNO DOM. 1561, 1562.

AN. REG. 4, 1561-2.

46 1.

18

GRE

same.

bling of the

Trent.

REAT preparations had been made in the former year Re-assemin order to the holding and continuance of the Council Council of of Trent,—many Italian Bishops (which were to be maintained at the Pope's charge) being sent before, and the Pope's Legates hastening after, to be there in readiness when the Embassadors and Prelates of foreign nations should give attendance on the After long expectation it begins at the last on the 18th of January, the Legates having first obtained in a private session, that nothing should be discussed in the Council but what should be first proposed by them1; which in effect was to subvert the whole hopes of that Reformation which was desired by many pious men amongst them. Which day being come, a procession was made of the whole Clergy of the city, of the Divines and Prelates, (who, besides the Cardinals, were 112 that did wear mitres) accompanied by their families, and by many country people armed, going from St Peter's Church to the cathedral, where the Cardinal of Mantua sung the mass of the Holy Ghost, and Gasparo del Fosso, Archbishop of Rheggio, made the sermon. His subject was the Authority of the Church, Primacy of the Pope, and Power of Councils. He said— That the Church had as much authority as the Word of God; that the Church hath changed the Sabbath, ordained by God, into Sunday, and taken away circumcision, formerly commanded by [his] Divine Majesty; and that these precepts are changed, not by the preaching of Christ, but by the authority of the Church. Turning himself unto the fathers, he exhorted them to labour constantly against the Protestants, being assured, that, as the Holy Ghost could not err, so neither could they be deceived. And, having sung the hymn of "Come, Holy Ghost," the secretary, who was Bishop of Tilesie, read the Bull of the

Sarpi, 469. The words Proponentibus Legatis-which gave rise to much fruitless negotiation and discussion-were not agreed to in the preliminary session, but were part of a form drawn up after it, and voted next day, as stated in the text below. 2 Ibid.

1561-2.

AN. REG. 4, Convocation, and the foresaid Archbishop propounded the decree for opening the Council, saying, "Fathers, doth it please you that the general Council of Trent should be celebrated from this day, all suspension whatsoever being removed, to handle with due order that which shall seem fit to the Synod, the Legates and Presidents proposing, to remove the controversies of religion, correct manners, and reconcile the peace of the Church?" to which they answered Placet, with so full a vote that there were found no more than four Bishops, and those four all Spaniards, who stumbled at the clause about discussing nothing in the time of that Council but what the Legates should propose; so servile were the rest in prostituting the authority of the Council to the lust of the Pope1.

2. In the first opening of the Council it was propounded by the Legates amongst other things-" Whether a safe conduct should be given unto those who were fallen into heresy, with a large promise of great and singular clemency, so that they would repent, and acknowledge the power of the Catholic Church2." In the discussing of which point, the Cardinal of Mantua was for the affirmative, being that it was a remedy used by all Princes, in seditions or rebellions, to pardon those whom they could not overcome, because by that means those which were least faulty did retire, and the other did remain more weak. But as for the safe conduct, after it had been considered of and resolved at Rome, it was again disputed in the Council on the third of March, whether it was to be given by name to the French, English, and Scots; and some spake of the Greeks and other nations of the East. It was presently seen, that these poor men, afflicted in servitude, could not without danger and assistance of money think of Councils; and some said, that, there being a division of the Protestants, it was good to let them alone, and not to name them, alleging the danger of moving ill humours in a body which was then quiet. To give a safe conduct to the Englishmen, which neither they nor any of them did require, would be a great indignity. They were content it should be given to the Scots, because their Queen would demand it; but so as that the demand should first be made. For France there was a doubt 14" made whether the King's Council would take it ill or not, 31 Ibid. 475.

1 Sarpi, 469.

2 Ibid. 471.

1 Ibid. 482.