1564.

AN. REG. 6, favourites of the two last kings. And that his monstrous vices (most insupportable in any other than himself) might either be connived at, or not complained of, he cloaks them with a seeming zeal to the true religion, and made himself the head of the Puritan faction, who spared no pains in setting forth his praises upon all occasions, making themselves the Tromparts to this Bragadocio1. Nor was he wanting to caress them after such a manner as he found most agreeable to those holy hypocrites, using no other language in his speech and letters than pure Scripture phrase, in which he was become as dexterous as if he had received the same inspirations with the sacred penmen. Of whom I had not spoke so much, but that he seemed to have been born for the destruction of the Church of England, as may appear further in the prosecution of the Presbyterian or Puritan history, whensoever any able pen shall be exercised in it.

Obsequies of the Emperor

11. But leaving this Court-meteor to be gazed on by unFerdinand. knowing men, let us attend the obsequies of the Emperor Ferdinand, who died on the [26th] of [July]2 in the year now being, leaving the Empire and the rest of his dominions to Maximilian his eldest son, whom he had before made King of the Romans. A Prince he was who had deserved exceeding well of the Queen of England, and she resolved not to be wanting to the due acknowledgment of so great a merit. The afternoon of the second day of October and the forenoon of the third are set apart by her command for this great solemnity, for which there was erected in the upper part of the quire of the said Church a goodly herse, richly garnished and set forth, all the quire being hanged with black cloth, adorned with rich scutcheons of his arms of sundry sorts: at the solemnization of which funeral there were twelve mourners, and one that presented the Queen's person, which was the Marquess of Winchester, Lord Treasurer of England, the other twelve being two Earls, six Lords, and four Knights; the sacred part thereof performed by the Archbishop of Canterbury, assisted by the Bishops of London and Rochester; the funeral sermon being preached by the Bishop of London3, which tended much

1 See Spenser, Faëry Queen, b. ii. canto 3.

The dates of the day and month are left blank in the old editions. 3 Grindal. The sermon is printed in his Remains, ed. Park. Soc. 34.

unto the praise and commendation of that famous Emperor. By which solemnity, as she did no small honour to the dead, so she gave great contentment to the living also; the people being generally much delighted with such glorious pomps, and the Church of England thereby held in estimation with all foreign Princes.

AN. REG. 6,

1564.

between

Nowell.

vin.

12. Nothing else memorable in this year but the coming Controversy out of certain books, and the death of Calvin. Dorman, an Dorman and English fugitive, first publisheth a book for proof of certain of the articles denied in Bishop Jewel's Challenge; encountered first by Alexander Nowel, Dean of the Cathedral Church of St Paul, who first appeared in print against those of Lovain, and is replied upon by Dorman, in a book entitled, "A Discovery of Mr Nowel's Untruths," not published till the year next following1. But of more consequence to this Church was the death of Calvin', by whose authority so much disorder and Death of Calconfusion was to be brought upon it in the times succeeding;— a name much reverenced, not only by those of his own party and persuasions, but by many grave and moderate men, who did not look at first into the dangers which ensued upon it. His platform at Geneva made the only pattern by which all reformed Churches were to frame their government; his writings made the only rule by which all students in divinity were to square their judgment. What Peter Lombart was esteemed to be in the schools of Rome, the same was Calvin reckoned in all those Churches which were reformed according to the Zuinglian doctrine in the point of the Sacrament3.

1 Sup. 329.

2 May 27, ann. æt. 55. Henry, Leben Calvins, iii. 592.

"Of what account the Master of Sentences was in the Church of Rome, the same and more amongst the preachers of reformed Churches Calvin had purchased; so that the perfectest divines were judged they which were skilfullest in Calvin's writings. His books almost the very canon to judge both doctrine and discipline by. French Churches, both under others abroad and at home in their own country, all cast according to that mould which Calvin had made. The Church of Scotland, in erecting the fabric of their reformation, took the selfsame pattern. Till at length the discipline...began now to challenge universal obedience," &c. (Hooker, Pref. to Eccl. Polity, ii. 8. Vol. i. p. 173, ed. Keble, 1836.) But it is incorrect and unjust to speak, as Heylyn does, of Calvin's doctrine on the subject of the Eucharist as identical with that

1564.

AN.REG. 6, But, Hic Magister non tenetur, as the saying was, he was not so esteemed in England, nor was there any reason why it should be so; for, though some zealous brethren of the Presbyterian or Puritan faction appeared exceeding ambitious to wear his livery, and thought no name so honourable as that of Calvinist, yet the sounder members of the Church, the royal and pre- 16 latical divines, as the others called them, conceived otherwise 34 of him and the right learned Adrian Saravia, though by birth a Dutchman1, yet, being once preferred in the Church of England, he stomached nothing more than to be called Calvinian.

of Zwingli. See Moehler, Symbolik, 271-4, ed. Mainz, 1843; Hagenbach's Hist. of Doctrines, transl. by Buch, ii. 296–304, Edinb. 1847; Henry, Leben Calvins, i. 137.

He was a native of Artois, his father being a Spaniard. Keble, n. in Hooker, i. 94.

ANNO REGNI ELIZ. 7,

ANNO DOM. 1564, 1565.

AN. REG.7, 1564.

1.

WE

Marriage for

the Queen of

Scots.

E shall begin this with the concernments of the Projects of year Kirk of Scotland, where Queen Elizabeth kept a stock still going, the returns whereof redounded more to her own security than to the profit and advantage of the Church of England. The Queen of Scots was young, possessed of that kingdom, and next heir to this; first married to the Daulphin of France, and sued to after his decease in behalf of Charles, the younger son of the Emperor Maximilian, as also of the Prince of Conde and the Duke of Bavaria. But Queen Elizabeth had found so much trouble and danger from her first alliance with the French, that she was against all marriage which might breed the like, or any way advance the power of that competitor; but on the contrary, she commended to her the Earl of Leicester, whom she pretended to have raised to those eminent honours, to make him in some sort capable of a Queen's affection1. Which proposition proved agreeable to neither party, the Queen of Scots disdaining that unequal offer, and Leicester dealing underhand with Randolph the English resident to keep her still in that averseness. He had foolishly given himself some hopes of marrying with Elizabeth, his own dread mistress, interpreting all her favours to him to proceed from affection, and was not willing that any proposition for that purpose with the Queen of Scots should be entertained. During these various thoughts on both sides, the English began to be divided in opinion concerning the next heir to the Crown Imperial of this realın. One Hales2 had writ a discourse in favour of the house of Suffolk, but more particularly in defence of the late marriage between the Earl of Hartford and the Lady Katherine, for which he was apprehended and committed prisoner. The Romish party were at the same time sub1 Camd. 84, ed. 1615.

"Joannes Halesius, homo opinosissimus [opiniosissimus ?], sed eruditione multiplici.” Camd. 73. He had been clerk of the Hanaper under Edward, and an exile in the reign of Mary. For the unfor

1564.

AN. REG.7, divided, some standing for the Queen of Scots as the next heirapparent, though an alien born; others for Henry Lord Darnly, eldest son to the Earl of Lenox,-born in the realm, and lineally descended from the eldest daughter of King Henry the Seventh, from whom the Queen of Scots also did derive her claim.

2. The Queen of Scots also at the same time, grown jealous of the practices of the Lord James her bastard-brother, whom she had not long before made Earl of Murrey, and being overpowered by those of the Congregation, was at some loss within herself for finding a fit person, upon whose integrity she might depend in point of counsel, and on whose power she might rely in point of safety. After a long deliberation, nothing seemed more conducible to her ends and purposes than the recalling of Matthew Earl of Lenox to his native country, from whence he had been forced by the Hamiltonians in the time of King Henry1. Being of great power in the West of Scotland, from the Kings whereof he was extracted, Henry conceived that some good use might be made of him for advancing the so much desired marriage between his only son Prince Edward and the infant Queen. The more to gain him to his side, he bestows upon him in marriage the Lady Margaret Dowglas2, daughter of Queen Margaret his eldest sister, by Archibald Dowglas Earl of Angus, her second husband; of which marriage were born Henry Lord Darnly (of whom more anon) and Charles the second son (whom King James created Earl of Lenox) father of Arabella, before remembered3. And that they might support themselves in the nobler equipage, he bestows upon him also the manor of Setrington, with other good lands adjoining, in the county of York,-passing since by the name of Lenox his lands in the style of the people. In England he remained above twenty years, but kept himself constant in all changes to the Church of Rome 4, which made 170 tunate consequences of his book, see Ellis, Orig. Letters, 2nd Ser. ii. 285. Leicester accused Lord Keeper Bacon of being concerned in it. Bacon denied the charge, and was "ægre et serius" restored to the Queen's favour by Cecil. Camd. 91. See Strype, Ann. i. 453—6.

2

1 Camden, 92.

A. D. 1544. Herbert, 243. Tytler, Hist. Scot. iv. 305. See i. 241. 3 Sup. p. 385.

4 Mr Tytler shews, from a letter of Randolph to Cecil, written about this time, that the Countess of Lenox had exercised a powerful influence

312