1553. grievance and oppression of all sorts of subjects. For which, AN. REG. 1, and other offences of a higher nature, they were both sacrificed to the fury of the common people by King Henry the Eighth ; which possibly might make him carry a vindicative1 mind towards that King's children, and prompt him to the disinheriting of all his progeny. First trained up (as his father had also been before him) in the study of the common laws, which made him cunning enough to pick holes in any man's estate, and to find ways by which to bring their lives in danger. But, finding that the long sword was of more estimation than the long robe in the time of that King, he put himself forwards on all actions wherein honour was to be acquired. In which he gave such testimony of his judgment and valour, that he gained much on the affections of his Prince, by whom he was created Viscount Lisle, on the 15th of March, anno 1541, installed Knight of the Garter, 1543, and made Lord Admiral of England. Employed in many actions against the Scots, he came off always with success and victory; and having said this, we have said all that was accounted good or commendable in the whole course of his life. Being advanced unto the title of Earl of Warwick by King Edward the Sixth, he thought himself in a capacity of making Queens, as well as Richard Nevil (one of his predecessors in that title) had been of setting up and deposing Kings; and they both perished under the ambition of those proud attempts2. Punished as Nevil also was, in having no issue male remaining to preserve his name; for, though he had six sons, all of them living to be men, and all of them to be married men, yet they went all childless to the grave—(I mean as to the having of lawful issue)—as if the curse of Jeconijah3 had been laid upon them. With him died also the proud title of Duke of Northumberland, never aspired to by the Percies, though men of eminent nobility, and ever since the time of King Henry the First, of the race of Emperors; which family, as well in reference to the merit of their noble ancestors as the intercession of some powerful friends, were afterwards restored to all the titles and honours which belonged to that house, in the persons of Thomas and Henry, grand-children to Henry the fifth Earl thereof, anno 15574. 1 Sic edd. 8 Jerem. xxii. 30. 2 Fuller, Hist. of Cambridge, 186. 4 Mary, v. 18. 1553. AN.REG. 1, 6. The matters being thus laid together, we must next look back upon the Queen; who, seeing all obstacles removed The Queen's betwixt her and the crown, dissolved her camp at Framling entry into London. The coronation. ham, consisting of fourteen thousand men, and prepared for 1 Stow, 613, says 13,000. 2 Stow, 613; Godwin, Ann. 162. 3 Stow, 613. 4 Qu. "conferred?" 5 Richardson (n. on Godw.) states that it was on the 21st; but the record, quoted by Lord Campbell, ii. 54, confirms the date given in the text, and by Stow, Holinshed, iv. 5, and Godwin De Præsul. 236. The Great Seal had been delivered up by Goodrick to the Lords Arundel and Paget, who carried it with them when they joined Mary at Framlingham.-Campb. ii. 37. 1553. eighty singing men, all in rich and gorgeous copes-(so sudden AN.REG.1, a recruit was made of these sacred vestments)-amongst whom went the new Dean of Westminster, Dr Weston, and divers Chaplains of her own, each of them bearing in their hands some ensign or other. After them marched ten Bishops (which were as many as remained of her persuasion) with their mitres, rich copes, and crosier-staves1. The sermon was preached by Dr Day, whom she had restored to the see of Chichester, and the solemnity of the coronation celebrated by the new Lord Chancellor; Cranmer, Archbishop of Canterbury, being then committed, and otherwise conceived unworthy of so great an honour. Till this time none more dear to her than her sister Elizabeth, whom she always took with her by the hand wheresoever she went, and seldom dined or supped without her. But this solemnity being passed over, (as if she were now freed from all the fears of a competition), she estranged herself from her in such a manner as shewed that she had formerly desired her company for some by-respects, and not out of natural affection. More grateful unto other persons who deserved well of her, she preferred Henry Ratcliff, Earl of Sussex (Commander General of her Army) to the Society of the Garter, which honour she conferred on his son Thomas after his decease, and to be covered in her presence at all times and places, according to the custom of the grandees in the realm of Spain. Which privilege, not being very frequent in the polity of the realm of England, I find to be recorded in these following words, viz.: "MARY, by the grace of God Queen of England, France, and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, and of the Church of England and Ireland in earth the Supreme Head, to all to whom this present writing shall come sendeth greeting in our Lord everlasting. Know ye that we do give and pardon to our well-beloved and trusty cousin, and one of our privy council, Henry Earl of Sussex and Viscount Fitzwater, Lord Egremond and Burnel, liberty, licence, and pardon to wear his cap, coif, or night-cap, or two of them at his pleasure, as well in our presence as in the presence of any other person or persons within this our realm, or any other place of our dominions whatsoever, during 1 Fox, vi. 540. 2 Edd. 1, 2, "tending." New appoint. ments. 1553. AN. REG. 1, his life; and these our letters shall be his sufficient warrant in this behalf. Given under our sign manual, at our palace of Westminster, 2 Octob. 1 Regni.1" 7. With the like royal gratitude, she advanced the Earl of Arundel, who had deserved as well of her in the council as the Earl of Sussex in the camp, to the place or office of Lord Steward; investing him with all those powers and privileges 21 which had been formerly exercised by the Lord Great Master, 191 whom he succeeded in authority, though not in title. Sir Edward Hastings, who came over to her with 4000 men, she first made Master of the Horse and Knight of the Garter, and afterwards Lord Chamberlain of the Household, and Lord Hastings of Louthborough. Sir John Williams, who had done her very good service in Buckingham and Oxford shires, she honoured with the title of Lord Williams of Tame; of which more hereafter. Sir Henry Jerningham, who first appeared in Norfolk for her, she preferred to be Captain of her Guard as soon as she came unto the crown; and toward the latter end of her reign3, Sir Thomas Tresham was created Lord Prior of the Order of St John of Jerusalem, and consequently, according to the old pretension, the first Baron of England. And as for her domestic servants who had suffered with her, she thought it no unfit decorum that they should in part reign with her also. To which end she preferred Hopton, her old Chaplain, to the see of Norwich, Rochester to be Comptroller of her Household, Inglefield to be Master of the Wards, and Walgrave to be Master of the Wardrobe,—which is sufficient to declare that she was willing to comply with all obligations, and not to be too long in debt to her greatest subjects, but much less to her menial servants. But in regard that all these were considered for their personal merits, not in reference only to their zeal for the catholic cause, she 1 This is the only one of Heylyn's documents which the editor has not found elsewhere. 2 This was not until Jan. 18, 1558.-Stow, 632. 8 Nov. 30, 1557.-Stow, 631. See sup. p. 32, and Mary, iv. 5. 4 Edd. 1, 2, "John's." 5 See Tanner, Notitia Monastica, 299. • 6 As successor to Thirlby, who was translated to Ely. Hopton was consecrated Oct. 25 or 28, 1554.-Godw. de Præsul. 441. 1553. was to shew some act of favour unto those of that party which AN.REG.1, might create a confidence in them of her good affections. To which end she made choice of Sir John Gage (a man most zealously addicted to the Church of Rome) to be Lord Chamberlain of her Household, when she came first to the Tower, to the great satisfaction of all those of that religion. And that she might in some measure also oblige the rest of her subjects, and make the entrance of her reign the more pleasing to them, her coronation was accompanied with a general pardon, at the least in show. Out of which all prisoners in the Tower [and] such as remained in the Fleet, together with sixty others, being excepted, and the restrictions and provisos, with which it was in all parts clogged, being well observed, there were not many, especially of those whom it most concerned, that could create unto themselves any benefit by it1. Bishops. 8. Thus was the civil state established on a right founda- Changes of tion, and the succession settled most agreeably to the laws of nature, according to the last will and testament of King Henry the Eighth and the laws made in that behalf. But we shall see the pillars of the Church removed, the very foundation of it shaken, and the whole fabric of religion so demolished that scarce one stone thereof did seem to stand upon the other; without regard unto the laws, and contrary to the will and purpose of King Edward the Sixth. At the Queen's first entrance into London, on the third of August, she discharged Gardiner of the Tower, as she did Bonner of the Marshalsea, and Bishop Tunstal from the King's Bench within two days after2. To make way to whose restitution to their former sees, Bishop Ridley is removed from London, Bishop Poinet from Winchester, and an Act of parliament procured for the restoring of the Church of Durham to all its lands, preeminences, and jurisdictions, of which it stood divested by the late Act of dissolution made in the last year of the King deceased3. By the like power was Coverdale displaced from the see of Exon, Scory from that of Chichester, and Hooper dispossessed of that jurisdiction which he held as the commendatory of the see of Worcester; to which sees1 Voysie, 2 Stow, 613. 1 Fox, vi. 540. 3 Sup. i. 287. The Act for the restoration is 1 Mar. Sess. 3. c. 3. 4 Edd. 1, 2, "See." |