The

manby (from whose agent in Whitby tickets of admission to the grounds may be obtained), is four miles distant. park combines the attractions of beautifully wooded grounds, and the near view of the sea. The modern mansion takes its name from an ancient stronghold, the ruins of which still stand in a strong position on the ridge of a hill within the grounds. A castle is said to have been built here 200 years before the conquest, by Wade, or Wada, a Saxon. This personage is represented by traditions preserved in Mulgrave as having been a giant, and the maker of the Roman road leading from Dunsley to Malton, called, after him, "Wade's Causeway." His wife, Bell, was also of gigantic stature, and assisted him in his work by carrying the stones for the road in her apron. In later times, the domain of Wada came into the possession of Peter de Mauley, who rebuilt the ruinous castle in the reign of King John. The history of this castle is unimportant. It was dismantled in the time of Charles I. by order of the Parliament. The ruins consist of two circular towers guarding the entrance, one of them of considerable height; the central keep, square, with towers at the corners, in a very ruinous condition; a square tower at the south-east angle of the outer wall, and other unimportant fragments.

There are numerous attractive spots within the bounds of Mulgrave woods, such as the hermitage, with its neighbouring cascade, the old mill, etc.

The modern mansion is a handsome building in the castellated style, in an elevated situation, commanding fine views. The excursion may be extended to

RUNSWICK and STAITHES, two romantic villages on the coast, the former 8, and the latter 10 miles from Whitby. The village of Runswick is most singularly situated. Its houses are perched in tiers on the cliff, the various elevations on which it is built communicating with each other by footpaths, streets being out of the question. The bay runs far inland, and is very picturesque. A cave called “ Hobhole," excavated by the waves in the alum rock, can be examined at low water, and will be found worth a visit.

The village of Staithes is also beautifully situated, the small stream which here flows into the sea contributing highly to its picturesqueness. The only fact of any general interest in the history of this place is, that here Captain Cook, the celebrated circumnavigator of the globe, was apprenticed to a grocer for a few months; he got tired of his situation, and went to sea. Between Runswick and Staithes, the cliffs have

the general character of a lias base, with a sandstone covering. At the highest part of this range of coast (about 320 feet above the sea), there are some tumuli.

GUISBOROUGH PRIORY. The town of Guisborough is 21 miles from Whitby. It can be reached from the west by the Stockton and Darlington railway; and though geographically it must be referred to the vicinity of Whitby, it can be more readily and rapidly reached from Richmond, Thirsk, or Northallerton, than from that town. Guisborough is situated in a narrow but fertile valley, in the most beautiful part of Cleveland. It possesses various attractions for the tourist, the greatest of which is its Priory, near the eastern extremity

of the town.

The Priory has been a structure of great beauty. No one can look upon its stately ruins without regretting that so little of this noble building has been preserved. It was founded in 1129 by Robert de Brus, already referred to as the founder of Danby Castle. The monastery was dedicated to the Virgin Mary, and its inmates to St. Augustine. The founder and many of his descendants and relatives were buried in the priory. The establishment suffered at various periods from fire and pirates; but it speedily recovered from these disasters. At the dissolution the gross yearly value was £712:6:6. Among the canons in this priory was Walter de Hemingford, the author of a history of England, from the Conquest to 1308. He died in 1347. The eastern end of the church is the only part of the priory which remains. This front is about 100 feet in length, and is supported by four massive buttresses. Its main feature is the magnificent east window, an exquisite example of the purest style of pointed architecture. The wall beneath the window has been broken down to the ground, but the lofty arch itself preserves its superb outline unmutilated, and the fragments of tracery in its sweep, add to its picturesqueness. In the pediment above is a small window of five lights. On either side is a window of smaller dimensions. These windows have lighted the aisles of the chancel, and have contained fine tracery. The buttresses are surmounted by octagonal crocketed pinnacles, which have a fine effect. The buttresses next the central window are ornamented with niches, under crocketed canopies. None of the other existing fragments of the priory are of any importance.

The Town consists chiefly of one main street, and the houses are generally tastefully built. Camden says regarding it-"The place is really fine, and may, for pleasantness, a

curious variety, and its natural advantages, compare with Puteoli, in Italy; and for a healthful and agreeable situation, it certainly far surpasses it." The church, though partly rebuilt in 1791, has some remains of an ancient structure-the most important being the fine east window. About a mile to the south-east of the town, is a mineral spring, efficacious in scorbutic, rheumatic, and bilious complaints. It is deserving of mention, that Guisborough was the first place in England where alum-works were erected. Sir Thomas Chaloner brought skilled workmen from Italy for the purpose, in the reign of Queen Elizabeth.

The neighbourhood of Guisborough is very beautiful. Very extensive prospects may be obtained from Barnaby Moor, or Eston Nab, between two and three miles to the north, and from Roseberry Topping, four miles to the south-west. The latter hill is additionally interesting on account of the ancient British huts which have been ranged in a double series round its summit. This village or encampment is well deserving of a visit. Stokesley, a town of 2310 inhabitants, several miles farther distant, manufactures linen, paper, and gunpowder. Marton, 7 miles from Guisborough, westward, is worthy of mention as the birth-place of Captain Cook, the celebrated voyager. He was born Nov. 3, 1728, and killed at Owyhee in an affray with the natives, Feb. 14, 1779. Skelton Castle, about three miles distant to the north-east, is a place of great antiquity, though we find few traces of the old fortified mansion of the Fauconbergs. This celebrated seat was at one time the property of John Hall, author of “Crazy Tales," etc. There are several other elegant residences in this neighbourhood-Upleatham Hall, Marske Hall (Earl of Zetland), Wilton Castle (Sir J. H. Lowther, Bart.), and Kirkleatham Hall (Sir C. Turner, Bart.) Near the last-named mansion is Turner's Hospital, founded by Sir W. Turner for 40 poor persons. A short distance from the hospital is the parish church, with a splendid mausoleum adjoining its east end. Redcarr and Cotham, two small villages on the coast beyond, are much resorted to for sea-bathing. The sands are firm and extensive. These villages are seven miles from Guisborough.

PICKERING.*

PICKERING, though of little importance in the present day, is a town of great antiquity. There is a legend told by the old chroniclers, that it was built 270 years before Christ, and derived its name from the recovery of a ring lost in the river Costa, a little below the town, by a British king, and found in the belly of a pike. The manor of Pickering belonged to Morcar, Earl of Northumberland, in the time of Edward the Confessor. After the conquest it remained for many years in the possession of the Crown. After various transmissions, it came into the possession of John of Gaunt, and was subsequently annexed to the Duchy of Lancaster, to which the town still belongs.

Pickering is pleasantly situated on the side of a hill, at the bottom of which flows a small stream called the Pickering Beck, which joins the Costa a short distance from the town. With the exception of its castle and church, this town has nothing to interest the tourist. These edifices, however, taken in conjunction with the neighbouring scenery, which can be conveniently visited from this town, entitle Pickering to a separate notice.

THE CASTLE is situated on an eminence on the northern extremity of the town. The date of its erection is unknown; but there can be no doubt that a castle existed here from a very early period. The first mention of it in authentic records is in documents of the reign of Henry III. In the year 1399, the unfortunate Richard II. was confined here for a short time, previous to his removal to Pontefract Castle, where he was murdered. An old rhymer says

"The kyng then sent kyng Richard to Ledes,
There to be kepte surely in privitee,
Fro thens after to Pykering went he needis,
And to Knaresbrough after led was hee,

But to Pountefrete last, where he did dee."

*HOTELS.-Black Swan.-Bed, 1s. 6d.; breakfast, 1s. 6d. ; dinner, 2s. and upwards; tea, 1s. 6d. George, White Swan.

Population in 1851, 2511. Inhabited houses, 552.

From York, 32 miles; from Whitby, 24; from Scarborough, 23-all by rail.

In the time of Charles I., it was besieged and taken by the Parliamentarians, who appear to have dismantled it. The extensive and interesting ruins of this fortress still remain.

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The area inclosed within the castle walls is about three acres, a portion of the space being used as garden ground. The gate tower, which is on the south side, is in ruins. Through this tower, a modern doorway gives admission to the castle. It consists of an outer and inner court, each strongly defended with walls and towers. Two interesting surveys of this castle, the one taken in the time of James I., and the other in the time of the Commonwealth, are printed in a work on the Scenery on the line of the Whitby and Pickering Railway." There is not space for comparing the present remains with the particulars of that survey. The principal features still exist as they were then described, but are much more ruinous. Rosamond's Tower, so named from a tradition that Fair Rosamond, the beautiful and unfortunate mistress of Henry II., was once a prisoner in it, is still nearly complete. It is three storeys high; and a staircase, communicating with the different apartments, leads to its top. The Devil Tower, as that to the north is designated, is in ruins; but the Mill Tower, at the south-west corner, is of some elevation. The Keep, the oldest part of the structure, occupies a position on a large artificial mound in the inner court. Only the basement storey remains, with some openings for windows or arrow slits, about two inches wide. The inner court has been defended by a wall and towers, and by a moat.

Fine views of neighbouring scenery may be obtained from various parts of the ruins, particularly from the Mill Tower and the Keep.

THE CHURCH is a spacious and ancient structure, with a beautiful spire, and is dedicated to St. Peter. It is a good specimen of the ecclesiastical architecture of the fourteenth century, when the early English passed into the decorated style. The stone of which it is constructed is considerably worn by the action of the weather. Various alterations and repairs have been made externally and internally, The interior contains a number of monuments, several of which, though mutilated, are worthy of examination on account of their antiquity. In 1853, in the course of some repairs, several frescoes were discovered on the wall of the chancel, on the accidental displacement of a portion of the whitewash. The figures, it is said, were life-size, and finely drawn, the colours