a

431. Ypocras, Hippocrates, Greek physician (460-c. 377 B. C.). Galien, Galen, a Greek physi cian of the 2d century.

431-3. Haly, Serapion, Rhazis, Avicenna, Averroes, and John Damascene were Arabian medical authorities.

433-4. Constantinus Afer, Bernardus Gordonius, John Gatisden, and Gilbertus Anglicus were European medical authorities of the later middle ages. 435. measurable, moderate.

439. sangwin, red. pers, blue.

440. taffata, sendal, two kinds of thin silk.

441. esy of dispence, moderate in expenditure. 443. For, since, because.

445. of bisyde Bathe, from (a place) near Bath. 446. som-del somewhat. scathe, misfortune. 447. haunt, practice, use.

448. passed, surpassed. Ypres, Gaunt, Ypres, Ghent, cities in Flanders.

450. to the offring. The people themselves offered bread and wine for consecration at mass. 453. coverchiefs, coverings for the head. ground,

541. tabard, sleeveless jacket. mere, mare. Persons of quality did not ride mares.

542. Reve, steward or bailiff of a manor. 543. Somnour,

court.

summoner for an ecclesiastical Pardoner, one who had the Pope's licence to sell pardons and indulgences.

544. Maunciple, manciple, a caterer or steward for a college or inn of court.

his

564. wered, wore.

493. meschief, mishap.

494. ferreste, farthest.

moche and lyte, great

and small.

496. ensample, example. yaf, gave. 497. wroghte, wrought, worked.

498. Out of the gospel, see Matthew V., 19. tho,

565. sowne, sound.

567. temple, an inn of court.

568. which, whom. achatours, purchasers.

570. took by taille, took by tally, took on credit. 571. Algate achat, Always he watched

so in his buying.

572. ay biforn, always before.

574. swich a lewed, such an unlearned. 577. curious, careful.

581. his propre good, his own income.

582. dettelees, without debt. but he were wood, unless he were mad.

799. our aller cost, the cost of us all.

805. withseye, oppose.

807. vouche-sauf, grant.

809. shape me therfore, prepare myself for it.

810. othes swore, oaths sworn.

816. devys, direction.

819. fet, fetched.

820. echoon, each one.

823. our aller cok, cock of us all.

824. gadrede, gathered.

825. riden, rode. pas, foot-pace.

826. St. Thomas a Watering was two miles from Southwark,

828. herkneth; see note to 1. 788. if you leste, if it pleases you.

829. woot, know. forward, agreement. yow recorde, call to your mind.

830. If . . . acorde, If even-song (vespers) and matins agree; i.e., if you are minded this morning as you were last night.

842. wight, person.

85. tweye, two.

86. deye, die.

88. Avoy, fie. herteles, coward.

94. free, generous.

95. secree, secret, discreet.

96. tool, weapon.

97. avauntour, boaster.

99. aferd, afraid.

101. swevenis, dreams.

103. replecciouns, gluttony.

104. fume, vapor arising from gluttony. complecciouns; see note to Prologue, 1. 421.

106. met, dreamed.

108. rede colera, red cholera caused by too much bile and blood (Skeat).'

110. lemes, gleams.

112. contek, strife.

113. humour of malencolye, i.e., black choler.

115. boles blake, bulls black.

120. Catoun, Cato's Distichs. This collection of

420. bulte it to the bren, bolt it to the bran, i.e., sift the matter.

421. Augustyn. St. Augustine (d. 430), a great theologian.

422. Boece, Boethius (d. 525), wrote On the Consclation of Philosophy, in which, among other things, he discusses God's foreknowledge and man's free will. Bradwardyn, Thomas Bradwardine, an Oxford theologian of the early 14th century, wrote On the Cause of God, in which he discusses the problem of free will and predestination.

423. forwiting, foreknowledge.

424. streyneth me nedely, constrains me necessarily.