of which circular Motions the two extream ones, A B and CD, are here defcribed; the laft of which it performs in one Day, and that in the Ecliptic AY D, in 365 Days, or in a Year; and it is this Diurnal Motion that produces Day and Night, and the Annual, the four Seafons of the Year: So that for Inftance, 'tis Summer upon thofe Parts of the Earth, a and g, when the Sun is at A in its Way AYD; and Winter when the Sun is at D; and Autumn and Spring when it is upon either Side of the Globe, in the middle between A and D.

SECT. XII. The great Ufe of the abovefaid Motions.

Now by these Motions, befides the preventing those great Inconveniencies, which would furely come to pafs, if one continual burning Seafon, or an all-congealing Cold fhould always prevail in the fame Region of the World; we find that most of the inhabited Places of the Earth are enlightned and warmed, according to the Manner and Measure that is most agreeable to the Nature of the People and Fruits that belong to it: This Diverfity of Seafons, and Diftribution of Heat and Cold, being alfo the Caufe that fome Lands are difpofed and adapted to produce Spices, and fome particular Kinds of Fruits, and other Countries others; whilft in the mean time this general Benefit is enjoyed by all Mankind, tho' difperfed over the whole Face of the Earth, by the Means of Trade and Shipping, by which every Nation may abound with thofe Commodities that are not the natural Produce of its own Land.

SECT. XIII. Convictions from the foregoing.

BEFORE I proceed any further, let me ask those Philofophers, who deny the Wisdom and Goodness of the Supream Director of all things, Whether upon feeing any Royal or Princely Garden, they would ever pretend to say, that no Art nor Method had been used therein by the Gardener; tho' they should obferve, that in order to cause those Plants to grow, which could not bear the Coldness of that Climate, Glafs-Cafes, and Places with Stoves and other Conveniencies, had been prepared to make 'em enjoy as much Warmth as poffible; whilft on the other hand, Arbors and fhady Places were provided for other Plants that could not bear much Heat? And whether they would not be convinced upon feeing the great Variety and ingenious Difpofition of the Plants, Flowers and Fruits in fuch a Garden; that it was not Chance, nor an ignorant Cause, but the Skill of a judicious Director, which had exerted itself in all these things, and whofe Defign was to cause the Master of the Garden by fuch a coftly Apparatus, and by contriving fo many different Degrees of Heat, to reap the Benefit of his Labours, and to enjoy the Refreshment of those Fruits which his own Climate and Air were not able to produce?

And can any one that is admitted to contemplate the Agreeablenefs of fuch a Garden, tho' he fhould not fhare in the Fruits thereof, think himself obliged to thank the Owner for his Goodness, in fhewing him the Secrets of his Art, and the wonderful Uses of the Plants; and yet be no ways affected with the Goodnefs of the Great Creator of fo glorious a Body as the Sun is; by the Warmth of which, the whole Earth is turned

into a Pleasure-Garden and a fine Park, as may appear in Tab. XVI. Fig. 1. where the Torrid Żone, a, b, c, d, reprefents the Orangery, or Place in which thofe Fruits that require the greatest Heats are produced; whilft others, that require a more moderate or even a cold Air, do meet with the fame in the two Temperate Zones, a, g, h, b, and c, d, i, k, or even farther towards the Poles in the Frigid Zones, g, p, n, and i, m, k, as far as the same remain fruitful. Thus we fee, that there is not only a particular Climate appropriated to fuch various Sorts of Plants and Trees, but that which renders the Obligation that all Men lie under to the adoreable Director of all these things ftill greater, is, that his bountiful Mercy does not only display therein a wonderful Wisdom even to the cloying with Pleasure those that seek for the fame; but likewise, that the Fruits produced thereby feem to be made for no other Purpose, befides the Honour of the Creator, than for Medicines to Men in their Sickness, and for Food and Refreshment to thofe that are in Health; and in general, to render them happy in innumerable Inftances, in which they are fenfible of their Ufe and Convenience.

SECT. XIV. and XV. The Morning and Evening Twilight.

BESIDES what has been already fhewn to be fo wonderful in the Direction of the Sun in its daily and yearly Courfe, let an Atheist judge. again, whether it is without a determinate End and Purpose, that the Rays thereof paffing from a thinner into a thicker Medium, are refracted and turned away from their true Course, in order to produce the Twilights of Evening and Morning; whereas otherwife, upon the Setting of the Sun

in

in all Places, a bright Day would be immediately changed into a Pitch-dark Night? And it may be eafily perceived, that it is fo ordered on purpofe to be useful to Men, the Organs of whose Sight would be very much prejudiced, if the Tranfition from much Light to much Darkness were made all at once: But they that would be more fully informed in this Matter, need only look back to what we have faid in the 17th Contemtemplation about it.

That which may be farther obferved here, is, with how much Reafon God to convince Job of the Narrowness of his Understanding, has taken a Proof thereof from this Refraction of Light in the following Words; Chap. xxxviii. v. 12. Haft thou commanded the Morning fince thy Days? And caufed the Day Spring to know his Place? Which laft words are tranflated by Pool and others. Do you know perfectly the Place of the Twilight?

To make this more intelligible to those that are unexperienced in the Mathematicks, we have shewn above, in Tab. XIV. Fig. 3. that the Sun A being under the Horizon E Y, and cafting its Rays A H upon the Air at H, the faid Rays do not proceed directly, and in a ftrait Line to D; but by being inflected, and making an Angle A H F, they are turned afide to F, and refracted or broken at H, and thereby produce Day-break orTwilight to those that live at F. Now it is known to every one by numberless Experiments, that according to the greater or leffer Thickness of the Air, which varies in different Places, and in the fame Place too, at different times, for many Reasons, the Refraction does likewife differ: And therefore, that the Twilight, with refpect to the extreameft Parts where it is feen upon the Earth, or in the Air, cannot be determined by any Body; fo that the faid Question feems to carry this Meaning

along

along with it. Did you ever truly understand the di f ferent Thickness of the Air, both in your own and other Climates of the World, or the greater or leffer RefraEtion proceeding from thence, and confequently the Variations of the Morning and Evening Twilights, which are the Refult thereof; or have you any Command or Direction over it? To which Propofition no Mortal will ever be able to return any other Answer, than that this has always been myfterious and impraЯicable to him; to convince holy Job whereof, was the Design of God.

Befides what has been juft now faid, there may be ftill added thefe Reasons, why 'tis impoffible for Men to know exactly the Place of the Twilight: First, Because it seems neceflary to be fuppofed, that the Sun is encompaffed with a kind of an Atmosphere, or Circle of Vapours (as the Earth is furrounded with Air) which upon the Account of the Sun's Nearnefs, does always fhine, and is enlighten'd with the Fire thereof. Secondly, That the Sun fhining upon the Parts or Vapours of the Air, the Rays are fent back from fome of 'em, as it were from a Looking-Glafs by Reflexion, to the People who begin already to enter into Night; both which contribute very much to the Production of the Morning and Evening Twilight: See concerning this, Gregory's Aftronomy, p. 127. where that great Mathematician (as if he intended to corroborate our Interpretation) uses the following Expreffion: For these Reafons the Bounds or Place of the Morning and Evening Twilights are not fo certain: Befides which, he alledges feveral other Causes of this Uncertainty.

SECT. XVI.