demandavit Barkerus, quam quidem libentissime accepi, eo usus consilio, ut efformatis in melius ac feliciter inchoatis sub tanti viri auspicio studiis theologicis, post semestrem moram ad collegium redirem, ubi me (ut tunc non vana ferebant auguria) socii locus proxime vacaturus manebat. Salarium mihi decem librarum annuum promisit Dr. Cave, aliaque exinde commoda statim obventura exaggeravit Barkerus; adeo ut, convasatis mox rebus, abitum molirer. Die itaque 24 Martii, Londinum eques perrexi, ac die proximo in Doctoris Cave familiam me dedi.

"Duram sane mihique ingratam admodum provinciam in introitu nactus sum. Doctor enim ille, rejecto in Septembrem sequentem operis sui inchoandi consilio, levia plerumque et desultoria instituit studia. Me sibi itaque diu noctuque assidentem varios subinde libros sibi obambulanti et plerumque dormitanti adlegere volebat. Morosum adhuc viri ingenium et protervos mores, avaritiam autem turpissimam, odio habui. Latentem tamen animi ægritudinem hilari fronte obvelavi; quin et ille maximum semper erga me affectum professus est, et (uti credo) infucatum habuit. Ego interim studiorum theologicorum fundamenta posui, ab Arminii, Episcopiique operum et Grotii in Novum Testamentum annotationum lectione auspicatus. Linguæque Hebraicæ elementa didici, adeo ut, continuato per semestre spatium horis subsecivis literarum Hebraicarum studio, accuratam satis linguæ istius notitiam consecutus fuerim."

Die 29 Octobris Islingtonam reversi, post quatriduum Historiam Literariam (id nominis enim operi nostro imponendum erat) iterato auspicati sumus. Scriptorum fere omnium a Christo ad annum 370 historiam antea conscripserat Cave, et penes se manuscriptam habuit. Hanc paucis additis descripsi, integramque lucubrationum ab istis scriptoribus exaratarum seu iis suppositarum historiam proprio marte concinnavi. Raro enim illa in Cavi autographo habebatur. Præterea, addendi erant minoris notæ scriptores quam plurimi, et in his omnes hæretici, quos intactos omiserat Cavus. Hoc mihi muneris plerumque datum est, quod et sedulo perfeci. Summo enim animi studio in hoc opus consummandum incubui. Postquam annum 370 transieramus, integra et de novo nobis erat condenda historia, cui ad annum usque 400 juncto opere desudavimus. Plures ille suo, haud pauciores et ego meo, marte descripsi. In majoribus vero scriptoribus, puta Hieronymo, Augustino, &c. hanc iniimus viam, ut ego vitam illorum perlegerem, et in compendium quoddam contraherem; ille ex compendiolo isto historiam scriptoris illius concinnaret; quod plerumque fecit, resecta unica aut altera sententia. Mihi tamen semper librorum 2 A

VOL. XXIV. Cl. Jl.

NO. XLVIII.

で

historiæ et critices contexendæ data erat provincia. Quod ut efficerem, innumeros fere tam veterum quam recentiorum trac<tatus mihi pervolvere necesse erat.

"Sæculorum priorum quatuor historiam exeunte anno complevimus.

2

"1687.-Dein, toto mense Januario ac Februario dimidio sequentis anni eam relegimus et elimavimus, nactique Cl. Usserii-bibliothecam theologicam Ms. eam accurate pervolvimus, quæque nostro proposito idonea viderentur, excerpsimus. "His finitis, ad historiam literariam ulterius continuandam nos accinximus, eadem fere usi studiorum methodo et ratione, qua ab anno 370 ad annum 400, nisi quod Cavi studium et diligentia paulatim refrigesceret, ac tandem penitus evanesceret; adeo >ut in sæculi quinti historia texenda permodicum fecerit; in sexto sæculo, parum; in sequentibus fere nihil. Illi enim plerumque moris erat mihi scribenti, librosque pervolutanti, tacitum assidere, aut fabulas enarrare, foco somniantis ad instar insidere, aut per bibliothecam obambulare, libros mihi afferre ac referre; de re dubia consulenti quæstionem solvere, et, quandocunque res tulerit, Londinum ad amicos invisendos se subducere; vel, si-domi manendum esset, ægrotum se seu simulare, seu somniari.

"A fellowship in his college being expected to be vacant, and being intended for him, it was necessary to qualify himself by going into orders; for which purpose, on the 18th of February, 1686-7, he applied himself to the Bishop of Durham (Crew), Peterborough (White), and Rochester (Spratt), who had the administration of the see of London, 'loco episcopi legitimi iniquitate regia anno præcedente suspensi. The Bishops of Durham and Rochester objected to the ordaining him, as being uncanonical, since he had not completed his twenty-third year. But the Bishop of Peterborough insisting that he should be examined, he passed through his examination relating to the ancient discipline of the church, the old errors, heresies, and writers, and especially concerning the opinions of Origen and Arius, with such success, that all the bishops resolved to give him orders.

"Finito examine, Episcopus Dunelmensis, quem summa mei admiratio ceperat, atque ideo forsan major, quod indoctus præ aliis præsul esset, summa mihi coram reliquis episcopis pollicitus est, si in manus ac familiam ejus memetipsum traderem, se nempe beneficium Ecclesiasticum opimum mihi, quam primum ætas mea id permitteret, donaturum esse. Libenter quidem et sponte mea, et Petriburgensis admonitu id feci, summisque ab eo promissis cumulatus discessi." "

"Examined the next day by Dr. Beveridge, Archdeacon of London, and, on the 26th of February, ordained deacon by the Bishop of Peterborough, at St. Peter's, Cornhill."

""Historiæ interim literariæ, juncta cum Cavo opera, insudavi, licet ipse post annum millesimum aut parum aut nihil conferret. Medio circiter Maio, historiam ad annum usque 1275 deduxeramus, cum Windesoram pro more abeundum fuit. Die itaque 19 Maii Windesoram profectus, ubi post bidui moram Cavus desiderium alta jamdiu mente repostum mihi exposuit. Cum me enim e familia ejus sub sequentis mensis exitum (prout ipsi denuntiaveram) egressurum expectaret, de incepto opere ad umbilicum perducendo desperare cœpit. Me itaque rogavit ut Islingtonam reversus finem communi operi propediem imponerem. Postulatis ejus haud invitus concessi, quippe ut opus inchoatum tandem aliquando absolveretur, e communi re

erat."

T

"1688.-Die 7 Martii. - Observationibus in Ignatii vitam scribendis finem imposui.

t

"Die 10.-Doctem Cave Islingtonæ invisi; cumque ex nonnullis indiciis suspicionem conciperem illum me debita famæ parte in editione Historiæ Literariæ indies festinata defraudatum ire, colloquium cum illo ea de re habui. Et labor enim a me susceptus, et. ab illo sancte data fides postularunt, ut nomen meum in fronte operis poneretur. Re vero illi demum proposita a fide pariter ac justitia resiliit vilissimum gloriæ mancipium, meque nihil omnino istius operis ante annum 1275 conscripsisse præter Pontifices Romanos fere omnes, asserere non erubuit. Effrictam viri frontem miratus, maximam indignationem concepi: iram tamen utcunque compressi, deque injuria mihi facta expostulavi. Graviter aliquandiu altercati sumus; tandem ille se prælo obicem positurum, opusque nunquam editurum esse, comminatus est. Tot mensium laborem interire ægre tuli; Pontificiorum sarcasmata in utrumque sum veritus, apertoque memet bello immiscere nolui. Postquam igitur rixatum est satis, ut nomen meum e titulo tolleretur consensi, ea conditione, ut in præfatione operis, præclara mei mentione facta, totum opus ab anno 1275, omnesque ab anno 400 Pontifices Romanos sola mei opera confectos esse luculenter agnosceret. Sancte id promisit ille (ipse enim prius obtulerat), seque formu lam mihi intra dies paucos missurum esse in se recepit."

360

BIBLICAL CRITICISM.

WITH a faint hope of throwing a little light on the obscure passage 1 Cor. xi. 10, I propose the following queries to the Correspondents of the Classical Journal. 1. May not the 10th verse be read with a note of interrogation, or, what will come to the same thing, may it not be supposed to proceed from the mouth of an objector, the words ̓Αλλ' ἐρεῖ τις, or some similar phrase being tacitly understood? 2. Do not the words διὰ τοὺς ἀγγέλους refer to what our Saviour has said, Matt. xxii. 30, of the change in the relation which man and wife shall bear to each other in a future state of existence? 3. May not the 11th verse be considered as the Apostle's answer to the preceding question or objection?

There were some among the Corinthians who said there was no resurrection: there were others at Ephesus (the place from which this epistle was written) who said that the resurrection was past already (2 Tim. ii. 18). This strange error has been supposed to originate from these persons having confounded the doctrine of a resurrection proper with that of a figurative resurrection, a resurrection from the death of sin unto the life of righteousness. Now as extremes are sometimes found to meet, it is possible, that amid the general licentiousness prevailing at Corinth, there might be some married persons who affected a superior degree of purity, and who aspired to be " as the angels of God in heaven," even in this present life. To such persons we may conceive to be addressed the prudent admonition in chap. vii. verse 5. of this epistle. And with these ideas in his mind, I suppose the Apostle, in the passage under consideration, to have expressed himself in language which I would paraphrase largely thus: "But some one will say, perhaps, that for this reason a woman ought to have power over her own head, (to wear a veil or not at her own discretion, regardless of her husband's honor, which may suffer by the public exposure of her face in a promiscuous and crowded assembly) because the man and woman have attained to such exalted purity, that they are already become angels, or as the angels of God in heaven. To which I answer, that in the Lord, or according to the teaching of Jesus Christ, the man and the woman, so long as they both live, are inseparably united, and consequently the woman can never cease to be in subjection to her husband."

I have only now to observe, in conclusion, that whatever may be the weak parts of this hypothesis, it has at least the merit of leaving the sacred text inviolate, and of interpreting every single word and phrase in that text according to its ordinary acceptation.

ΑΡΕΜΑΝTUS.

TURKISH MEMOIRS OF EWLIA EFENDI.

AMONG the most rare and valuable compositions in the Turkish language, may be classed the Memoirs of Ewlia Mohammed Efendi, a work comprised in four parts or volumes, and peculiarly interesting, as they contain the records of his travels through various regions during the space of five-and-twenty years; from 1041 of the Musulman era (corresponding to the year of Christ 1631) until 1066 (1656). We have just learned, with much satisfaction, that a gentleman in this country has lately received from Vienna an English translation of Ewlia's work, made from the original Turkish by that learned Orientalist and eminent linguist Mr. Hammer, so well known for the universality of his literary acquirements. It appears from a notice communicated by one of our foreign correspondents, that Mr. Hammer had long explored the book shops of Constantinople and of Cairo in hopes of discovering some Turkish manuscript that might illustrate the subject of Eastern geography, and more particularly assist him in his researches respecting the topography of Asia Minor, and such parts of Africa and of Europe as constituted the Ottoman empire. But his inquiries, however diligent, were attended with but little success until the year 1804, when he fortunately discovered in Constantinople, the fourth or last portion of Ewlia Efendi's memoirs, and procured it at the price of one hundred piastres. The perusal of this part most strongly excited his desire to possess the entire work; but a perfect copy, supposed to exist only in the Seraglio library, was therefore inaccessible. During ten years Mr. Hammer and his friends sought in vain the first, second, and third parts; at length they were obtained through the exertions of Mr. John Argyropolo, late Turkish minister at Berlin, who purchased for the library of Count Wenceslaus Rzewuski a complete copy,