has furnished no other cry, but ardent professions of patriotism, and pretended devotion to their country's good.

To the mind fully capable of embracing such ample conceptions, as those which propose the highest good of millions of immortal beings, and to steadily contemplate that good as flowing through a lapse of interminable ages, small obstacles will not readily appear insurmountable. In every good work of considerable magnitude, opposition is to be expected, and will be increased in power, and prolonged in duration, somewhat in proportion to the good to be procured.

Were I to name some of the qualities of a mind adapted to the labors of reforming, or greatly benefiting mankind, the enumeration would include the following particulars.

1. A thorough conviction that the evil exists, and that it admits of a remedy. 2. A knowledge of the causes which aggravate such evil, their origin, progress, and the means of counteracting them. 3. A capacity of estimating the various means proposed to alleviate or destroy the mischief; their practicability and their effects, both immediate and remote. 4. An ability to contemplate danger with a steady eye, and an undaunted resolution.

If any one is heartily desirous of conferring substantial benefits on his fellow-men,-benefits which look beyond the present moment, and rest not wholly on this side the curtain which conceals eternity,-let him coolly examine the ground on which he is about to enter. Never should any engage in such an enterprise without fairly counting the cost. He should especially examine his own motives with the severest scrutiny. If these be unsound, whatever confidence may animate him at the outset, it will probably desert him in the hour of danger. Let no tenderness for his own reputation, nor delusive expectation of the approbation of men, enter his calculations. Does he expect the ready co-operation of those whom he is about to assist? Let him renounce it instantly. All schemes built on such calculations will inevitably be dashed to the ground. At seeing the halting compliance of some, the flat refusal of others, and the pointed opposition of enemies, such a factitious resolution will melt away.

Numbers are ready to perform what are called public services, for the sake of emoluments, or to obtain some portion of praise; but no sooner is the office stripped of these appendages, than they beg to be excused. The men who will constantly, and perseveringly do their duty, without hope of earthly recompense, are few. The loud call for such self-denying virtues, ever raised by the voice of human misery, and the rare examples of them, serve to elevate our conceptions of the magnanimity of the character, and of the mighty effects to be produced by it, when formed with little alloy. I can scarcely imagine a circumstance more adapted to discourage all efforts to alleviate sufferings, than abuse returned from the object of our kindness. If he give us no positive assistance in such an endeavor for his own welfare, one might, at least, hope that he would observe a neutrality. But to see him laboring to subvert our efforts for his advantage, and thwarting every measure, of which bis convenience or happiness is the commanding motive, and, at the same time, to endure all his resistance, his obstinacy, his abuse, with meekness, and to continue in the strait path of unyielding kindness to him, is not to be expected from ordinary motives; nor is it seen in the

example of ordinary men. Such benevolence can be supported only by that love to God which invariably produces good will to men. It is an unfeigned affection to the Creator, expanding itself upon his creatures; a humble but sincere endeavor to resemble Him "who is good to the evil, and kind to the unthankful.”

I know very well that advocates are not wanting to contend earnestly for the legitimate dominion of the love of fame; men who boldly assert, that if this passion were eradicated from the soul, no successor could ever stimulate her energies, or prompt the execution of magnanimous achievements;-men who unblushingly declare, that unless fed by the breath of popular applause while here, and comforted by the hope that its incense will be offered to their memories, exertion would cease, the powers of the mind would never be excited, or, if once aroused, would soon slumber forever, neglected and unknown. But I need not spend the time of the reader, nor my own, in attempting to prove, that such dispositions are at open war with the whole spirit of the Gospel. Indeed it might seem astonishing that any one, pretending a belief in the doctrines of Christianity, should seriously adopt a rule of action so totally hostile to every principle of revealed religion. While all the relations of life and its employments are intermingled with worldly affairs, are managed in accordance with worldly maxims, and in a certain sense originate from them, it is not to be expected that those solely engrossed in the accumulation of wealth, should show much resemblance to the temper or employments of a purer region occupations of an immense proportion of mankind an impartial spectator would be compelled to pronounce both the folly and the delusion, They are foolish, in the degree of ardor which they kindle in the soul for objects deserving, at most, but a subordinate attention. They are delusive, because they never confer the happiness promised, in expectation of which so much misery is endured now, so great disappointment sustained at its loss; and because that, in this unavailing pursuit we lose the only season for securing an interest in the favor of God, a preparation for the joys of heaven. Z. Y.

NEW PUBLICATIONS.

Of the

Nature and operations of Christian Benevolence. A Sermon, delivered Oct. 21, 1818, before the Directors of the Domestic Missionary Society of Massachusetts proper, at their first meeting in Northampton. By John Keep, Pastor of the church in Blandford. Northampton: Thomas W Shepard & Co. 1818. Pp. 24.

Another Voice from the Grave! or the Power of Conscience, exemplified in the dying confession and exercises of an unfortunate Female, who died at Philadelphia, on Friday evening, March 19 1819. Published according to her dying request. Boston: Samuel T. Armstrong. 1819. pp. 24.

An Humble Attempt to reconcile the differences of Christians respecting the extent of the Atonement, by shewing that the controversy which exists on the subject is chiefly verbal. To which is added an Appendix, exhibiting the influence of Christ's obedience. By Edward D. Griffin, D. D. Pastor of the second Presbyterian Church in Newark, New-Jersey. New-York: Stephen Dodge. 1819. pp. 443.

The usefulness of the sacred office. A Sermon, delivered March 9, 1819, at the funeral of the Rev. Samuel Spring, D. D. Pastor of the North Congrega tional Church in Newburyport. By Leonard Woods, D. D. Abbot Professor of Christian Theology in the Theological Seminary, Andover. Newburyport: Charles Whipple. 1819. pp. 28.

THE

MISSIONARY HERALD. MISSIONARY

No. 6.

JUNE, 1819.

VOL. XV.

SURVEY OF THE PROTESTANT MISSIONARY STATIONS THROUGHOUT THE WORLD, IN THEIR GEOGRAPHICAL ORDER.

The following article is abridged from the Missionary Register for January last, with such corrections as we have been enabled to make. We insert the Introductory Remarks with very little alteration Our readers will find themselves abundantly rewarded for their trouble, if they will examine books and maps to make themselves thoroughly acquainted with the geography of the places where the principal missions have been planted.

Ir was our in tention to introduce the survey of the present year with some of those observations which crowd on us respecting the state of the world, and the grand prospects opening before Christians; together with the peculiar character of the opposition which their exertions have to encounter, and the manifest overruling of this opposition by divine providence to further its own designs. But the labor which has been required, to bring together, from every quarter, the mass of facts and statements contained in the following survey, has occupied so much time, that we cannot now enter at large into the subject. A few observations, however, may be seasonable.

In the remarks prefixed to the list of 1817, we entered into some points of main importance to the success, and indeed to the very existence, of missions. As Registrars of the exertions of the GREAT FAMILY OF TRUE CHRISTIANS, to benefit the world, we had observed many things likely to encourage them, and some which might afford salutary caution. We were ready to flatter ourselves that Christians were winning their way without observation; and that truth and love would almost insensibly steal their blessed empire on the world. Our main concern was with Christians themselves to stimulate to labor; to encourage hope, and strengthen faith; and to guard against the evils incident, in such great undertakings, to our fallen nature. But we have been awakened from this dream. Christians are not, it seems, to be left to pursue their quiet way. thunders of the Vatican have roared; and even protestant divines have vainly essayed to clothe themselves with these thunders. Bulls and Protests have followed one another; But these Buils and Protests have only served, under the merciful direction of the unseen hand, to rouse Christians to new activity and to greater zeal.

The

For the facts and statements of this survey, the whole of our last volume has been examined; with all the principal publications of the year, issued by the different societies; and various communications of very recent intelligence, obligingly made to us by the Secretaries of the chief Institutions.

From these sources we have endeavored to render this survey a connecting link between the history of the past and the present years-a brief abstract of the intelligence already given, and a key to that which we shall have to lay before our readers.

The notices given under each of the old stations are chiefly confined to the intelligence received during the year; so that the reader will have, in these surveys, from year to year, an abstract of the history of each station.

This survey does not, however, exhibit a full view of Christian exertions for the benefit of the heathen world, as it is chiefly limited to missionary Institutions. Notices, indeed, of the operations of Bible Societies, and of the growth of education are interwoven throughout; but there are many labors of different Institutions which have not hitherto been brought into view in this annual abstract. The NATIONAL SOCIETY and the BRITISH AND FOREIGN SCHOOL SOCIETY, with all associated or similar Institutions, are working a mighty change in the world, by the preparation of the mass of the people to read the Scriptures. The BRITISH AND FOREIGN BIBLE SOCIETY, with all its kindred bodies-the CHRISTIAN-KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY, with its domestic and foreign branches-VOL. XV.

34

the PRAYER-BOOK AND HOMILY SOCIETIES, of England and America-the TRACT AND SCHOOL-BOOK SOCIETIES, of the western and the eastern worldthese are supplying the means both of education and of the future enlargement and improvement of the mind. The AFRICAN INSTITUTION of this country, the COLONIZATION SOCIETY of America, and the PEACE SOCIETIES of the old and new world, with similar associations of benevolent men, are laboring to remove some of those obstacles which impede or retard the progress of truth and love on the earth. The JEWS' SOCIETY is bending its intelligence and strength to the recovery of the ancient people of God. The UNITED FOREIGN MISSIONARY SOCIETY of North America, and other missionary institutions, are but newly formed, and have not yet therefore come into action on the heathen world. Important preparatory aid is rendered by Mis SIONARY SEMINARIES, as, at Basle, in the United States, and elsewhere.

It has been found expedient, in the following survey, not to follow the usual division of the four quarters of the world; but to adopt that order of the stations which any one, desiring to visit them in succession, might be supposed to follow with the greatest convenience. In the circumnavigation of the globe heresketched out for him, he would visit, by sea or by land, all the principal ancient Christian Churches, as well as the Mahomedan and Pagan nations.

His course might first be directed to WESTERN AFRICA, comprehending that portion of the continent which lies between Morocco and the line. Crossing the line, he would enter on that part of Africa which, lying south of the line, may be classed in missionary records, as SOUTH AFRICA; and which should be considered as including the Islands that lie off its southeastern coast. Passing up the coast of EASTERN AFRICA, the Christian beholds, with hope of better days, as he works his way up the Red Sea, on the one hand Abyssinia and Nubia and Upper Egypt, and ARABIA on the other. On entering the MEDITERRANEAN, after surveying Syria and the Holy Land, he passes, by lower Egypt, throughout the Barbary States; and then taking his station, for a time, in Malta, as the centre of this great scene of holy labor, he visits in succession, the Ionian Islands, Greece, the Archipelago, and the lesser Asia. Passing into the Black Sea, and contemplating, as promising spheres of Christian exertion, its Turkish and Russian shores, he may make his way, by the Russian provinces lying between the Black and the Caspian Seas-while he anticipates the final happiness of PERSIA, partly through these provinces, and partly by means of the maritime and continental access to that kingdom from western India-into the almost boundless plains of NORTHERN ASIA, Comprehending the provinces of that quarter belonging to Russia, with the widely extended regions inhabited by Tartar and other tribes, whether independent or connected with any of the neighboring powers, by the great country of THIBET, he may proceed to CHINA; connected with which vast sphere of labor, is INDIA BEYOND THE GANGES, whence, returning to the great scene of British influence and power, INDIA WITHIN THE GANGES, he may afterwards traverse the whole series of ASIATIC ISLANDS, from the Laccadíve and Maldive to Japan. From these, his course would lie through the insular continents, as they may be denominated, of AUSTRALASIA, and the numerous groups of POLYNESIA. Passing on, and contemplating the great continent of SOUTH AMERICA, with earnest prayers for the rising of the Sun of righteousness on that dreary region, he may reach Guiana, the solitary portion of that quarter of the world where protestant Christians are laboring for the good of the heathen; and then, winding his course among the Islands and shores of the WEST INDIES, and passing through the tribes of the NORTHAMERICAN INDIANS, he may finish his vast survey, by contemplating, with admiration, the triumphs of the cross on the inhospitable shores of LABRADOR, and of GREENLAND.

In this circumnavigation of the globe, we have marked those divisions, under which all the present and future exertions for the conversion of the world, may probably be arranged with advantage.

Under each of these divisions, the societies which maintain missions therein, are ranged alphabetically in the following survey; and under each society are placed its missionary stations, in what appeared to be their most natural geographical order.

WESTERN AFRICA.

THE principal sphere of missionary labor within this division is the Colony of Sierra Leone and its vicinity. This colony is rapidly improving; eight parishes have been formed; with various negro towns, in which many thousand negroes, liberated from slave ships, àre placed under proper superintendence and Christian instruction. The total of adults and children attending schools throughout the colony, in March 1818, was about 2,000. Although the colony and society have suffered severe losses in the death of several missionaries, yet the survivors speak the language of courageous faith.

The following persons embarked for this station on the 20th of Nov. last, viz. Thomas Morgan, Chr. Taylor, G, S. Bull, schoolmasters: Mrs. Morgan, Mrs. Taylor, schoolmistresses. Also, embarked Jan. 8, Thomas Jesty and Henry Barret, schoolmasters: Mrs. Jesty schoolmistress.

Leicester Mountain, about three miles from Freetown. John Godfrey Wilbelm, minister; John Brereton Cates, schoolmaster; John Maxwell, native usher. Number of children in the school 202. A monthly prayer meeting is held, when the negroes attend from the neighboring towns.

[1816.]* Kissey Town, inhabited by liberated negroes, in the parish of St. Patrick. Gustavus Reinhold Nylander, minister; Stephen Caulker, native

usher.

Mr. Christ. Taylor, and Mrs. Taylor are appointed as schoolmaster and schoolmistress to this station.

[1816] Regent's Town, composed of liberated negroes in the parish of St. Charles. W. A. B. Johnson, minister. The blessing of God has greatly prospered the labors of Mr. Johnson. The church will accommodate about 1200 persons, which number of liberated negroes frequently attend. Nearly 100 are communicants, and many more were soon to be baptized.

In June (1818,) there were 499 scholars; of whom were boys 127, girls 108, men and youths 184 and women 80.

[1818.1 Gloucester Town, composed of liberated negroes in the parish of St. Andrew, Henry During, superintendent, Mrs. During, school mistress. The place where the negroes met for public worship has been found too small, and a stone church, capable of containing 800 persons, is erecting.

[1818.] Leopold Town, composed of liberated negroes in the parish of St. Peter. Melchior Renner, minister. Mr. Renner was fixed at the place by the Governor on the 12th of June 1818. It contains about 300 négroes. Sixty children who came from the Rio Pongas with Mr. Renner, are settled here under his care.

[1817] Wilberforce Town, composed of liberated negroes, in the parish of St. Paul. Charles Henry Decker, minister. The pressing wants of the Christian Institution having called Mr. Cates away from this place, Mr. Decker was soon after appointed to the station.

Gambier, among the Bagoes, 70 miles N. W. of Sierra Leone.

Jonathan Solomon Klein, missionary; James Brunton, native schoolmaster; Emanuel Anthony, native usher. Mr. Klein, made excursions last year, and preached in 23 of the native towns.

The Society for Propagating the Gospel have a mission at Cape Coast, a British settlement under the African Company, at which the Rev. William Philip officiated as missionary, catechist, and schoolmaster, but who has lately been removed by death.

The Wesleyan Methodists have also a mission at Sierra Leone. Their missionaries are John Baker and John Gilleson. Mr. Davies, who was at Leopold Town, and in charge also of Bathurst and Charlotte Town, has returned home ⚫ on account of his health. He mentions considerable success at Leopold Town, and that the chapel, which would contain between 200 and 300 people, was quite too small.

The figures, in brackets, at the beginning of paragraphs, indicate the year when each, mission was established. † Mr. Nylander is since dead.