roi; in Welsh, Byw fyddo'r brenhin; and which in English might be, Long live the king, or, The king for ever! Whether this national acclamation arose from its use in the English Bible, or, whether the translators employed it in accommodation to a then prevalent custom, inust be ascertained from historical evidence. The Anthem, bearing this name, is stated' to have been "written on the escape of king James I. from the gunpowder plot, on the 5th of Nov. 1605:"-and was this exclamatory phrase in use before that period? Or does it occur in any editions of an English Bible, anterior to that date? 4. God forbid! This is another exclamation equally reprehensible; as more than bordering on irreverence, and altogether unfounded on the original languages of Scripture. The corresponding Hebrew term is,, which is used to express 3 detestation of a thing, as being profane, abominable, shocking; far be it: and in Gen. xliv. 7, 17. Josh. xxii. 29. and xxiv. 16. 1 Sam. xii. 23. xiv. 45. and xx. 2: is rendered by the Sept. un Yevoiro, or else undaμws; but in Job xxvii. 5. by un sin. In all the New Testament texts the Greek is uniformly μn yevoito; and as invariably is read in Latin, Absit, and by the Syr. in like manner. Wiclif's translation of Gal. vi. 14: is-" But fer be it fro me, &c:" but it is singular that in Gal. iii. 21. Rom. vi. 2, &c. he has translated the same words, "God forbede."4 The literal reading-May it not be, or, Far be it, is doubtless preferable for its own sake, as well as harmonizing with the Versions in general, and avoiding the charge of treating with indecorous familiarity "The Great and glorious Name." 5. The Man after God's own heart. This appellation of pre-eminent excellency has been given to David, originating undoubtedly in the language of 1 Sam. xiii. 14; but after applied in ignorance, and foreign to the intention of Holy Scripture. What then is the meaning of a w in this text, or of the ἄνδρα κατὰ τὴν καρδίαν μοῦ of Acts xiii. 22? By the editor of the Philanthrop. Gazette, for June 28. 1820. p. 206. 2 I have none at hand of an older date than Barker's, of 1606; and would therefore feel obliged if the Editor will communicate the needed information. 3 See the commonly referred to Lexicon of Parkhurst, Heb. p. 208. So it appears in the beautiful reprint of Wiclif's N. T. under the Editorial superintendence of the Rev. H. H. Baber. 1810. Does it not refer exclusively to his official, kingly character; and not in any respect to his personal moral conduct? David was ever zealous for the Divine law-anxiously desirous of promoting the honor of the Theocracy-and determined to advance, by every means in his power, the interests of the true religion. In particulars like these he was of one heart with the Almighty. But his moral character, lamentable to say, was not without some foul and flagrant stains: however we may admire the devotion and sublimities of his incomparable muse. Oswestry, October, 1823. J. W. NOTICE OF A GREEK and ENGLISH LEXICON, by J. JONES, LL. D. Octavo. 30s. Longman; London, 1823. THE Author of this Lexicon is already known to the literary world as an ingenious and valuable inquirer into the fundamen tal structure of language in general, and of the learned languages in particular. We have been often delighted as well as edified by his classical labors; and where we have been obliged to refuse assent to any of his favorite theories, we have found no place for objection to them on the ground of want of talent, but have rather believed that it is to a disposition to bold and novel inquiries, and a determination to pursue with vigor and fearlessness the elegant flights of a warm imagination, that his occasional aberrations are to be attributed. The work before us is not without its share of deviations from common usage. The principle of the publication, if not new, is at least untried. Gilbert Wakefield and others have meditated the experiment; but Dr. Jones appears to be the An interesting paragraph in Horne's Introd. Append. 1. p. 627 :-in which an allusion is also made to the celebrated Life of David by Dr. Chandler. For a well-written explanation of this and some other Scripture subjects, a small but really ingenious Pamphlet, by the Rev. James Creighton, may be consulted: p. 36. 1805. first who has meditated, pursued, and brought it to a termination. The Greek words are explained in our native language. We have no objection to this attempt: we have one observation to make on it,that we wish the writer had made the work assume the nature of a polyglott, and that the explanations had been given in Latin and in English. We think this system would have consolidated the conflicting objects of the old and of the new system, and would have greatly tended to an easier acquaintance with both the learned languages. Another, though not an absolute, novelty, is that of the relinquishment of accentuation. Our sentiments differ from those of our author. Let us grant that Porson's argument for retaining it is inapplicable to the generality of readers of the Greek language-let us partially grant to the Doctor that accents require "much sacrifice of expense and labor”—yet we wish them to be retained, because the other accents often give us as much insight into abbreviations as the circumflexes, the use of which is retained in this Lexicon-because they indicate to us the accent as distinguished from the quantity of words-because we insensibly and without labor accustom our eyes to the accentuation of most Greek words-and because accents point out to us, at first sight, the particular meaning which words, not immediately distinguishable but by accentuation, bear in any particular passage. Nor do we think that there is a shadow of argument in Dawes' opposition to this reason. As well may we take off the grave, acute, and circumflex from the French-because the printer may have made on some occasions a "confusion worse confounded" by putting one for another. We have not time to enter into another novelty of the Doctor, his rejection of the Middle Voice. Words must have their meanings, if you invert the whole of common terms: put verb for adjective and preposition for conjunction,-this will make but little difference-reject the Middle voice-reject the second future-put ten declensions for three, and six conjugations for four-we will not quarrel on these matters. "If thou wilt take the left hand, then I will go to the right: or, if thou depart to the right hand, then I will go to the left." The genius of the writer is in this as conspicuous as in his former works. His observations on the words opσoλonouμas and iάTT in the preface, on the word eds and on many others in the body of the work, manifest a talent for illustration of no common nature. There is also a boldness and simplicity in his explanations of some words, and in his traces of others to their roots, which are singularly felicitous. We wish no words had been inserted without a statement of their authority. The first meaning given to autoσxediálu might have been aptly confirmed by the use of the word in Thucyd. 1. 138. This was the more necessary, as its first signification differs so much from its third. The word auλos in its first sense might have been doubly confirmed by an appeal to the same historian. But many words are left intirely unconfirmed, which is the more remarkable, as the writer in the preface has given good reasons for the statement of authorities. We think some words admitted of a fuller statement of their various senses or singularities. Thus the sense of sirside, to pity, in Esch. Pers. 911; dupy, used for, voice, words, in the Medea, and, as is probable, in Odyss. 11. 35; of Tηv Exßoλǹv ToŨ λóyou in Thucyd. 1. 97; of åvæxioμévo eloì in the 7th chapter of the same book; the use of the dative after aos in Hecuba 313; of the preposition μετὰ in λίπα μετὰ τοῦ γυμνάζεσθαι ἠλείψαντο in Thucyd. 1. 6; the distinguishing applications of the words gaw and pάoow κακῶς and εὖ ; the word 'Αχαϊκός as an Attic form in Hecuba 287-these, and others of a similar kind, might have been inserted. We find that no mention is made of the use of the Greek article, to which Middleton, Sharpe, and Wordsworth, have applied it—perhaps in accordance with the writer's plan of not advocating religious notions of a peculiar or obnoxious nature.' ' The writer has not attended to Porson's observations on the word perμów in the notes to the Medea; nor to those on the word avlévτns, made by the commentators on the Antigone of Sophocles :-in which play we may observe that Bopeas occurs, bearing the sense of, the daughter of Boreas, differing in its nominative from the father's name only in accentuation, as is also the case with Пlexiάs. This difference is not observed by Matthiæ or Valpy: though it is certain, and though it so powerfully corroborates the utility of accentuation.-Nor can we agree with the derivation of avaπpow given in this Lexicon; 'We cannot pass on without observing how different an aspect this argument has assumed since the age of Bishop Pearson. That prelate asked the Unitarians whether "the doctrine of the Trinity, supported by the authority of age and of Scripture, were to yield to the attack of 6,, Tó." The weapons thus repelled have been forced from the former carriers of them, and have within these few years been very powerfully hurled on the victors. Dr. Wardlaw and Dr. Tilloch have lately stated the Trinitarian view of the Article with great force. it is put, it says, for avanλow. Cui bono? Ipnop, the writer states, means a water-spout, which well agrees with tears and puts it under pw-and does not p well agree with the θαλερὰ and θερμὰ δάκρυα of Homer and Euripides, and with our own expression, the hot, burning tear? We are happy to find that the useless mention of compounded verbs being derived from the simple verbs and from the prepositions is generally omitted: though we are informed that oμóθεν comes from ἐξ and ὁμοῦ, and περιασκολέω from ἀσκολέω. The quantities of the words are seldom marked, except in their final syllables. It would be easy and profitable to mention, that Túow has its first syllable long, and that areμßw' has its first syllable short. But there is so much excellent matter in this work that we cannot complain: if we mention what appear to us as omissions, it is merely with the conviction that we shall find future editions of it still more complete and accurate. We now dismiss the volume before us, congratulating the public on a fresh facilitation of the difficulties which attend the prosecution of classical pursuits, and expressing our sincere satisfaction that so ingenious a writer as Dr. Jones has not yet ceased to take an interest in the authors of Greece, and that he has promised us another addition to his literary and intellectual researches. RECHERCHES GRAMMATICALES SUR LES PREPOSITIONS ΕΙΣ ΕΤ ΥΠΟ. I. Eis, is. M, Fr. Osann, (p. 13 de son Sylloge Inscript. Antiq. Jenæ 1822) cite ce qu'il croit être mon opinion sur eis, is il me cite d'après le Journal de Gottingue, qui me semble inexact sur un point. Voici ma réponse à tous deux. "Il seroit difficile," dit le Journal de Gottingue, " d'admettre que sis signifie le mouvement vers quelque chose, et is, sous le rapport de :" telle est la doctrine que m'attribue le Journal de 'We observe that Dr. Jones has not derived this word. The coinmon derivation is eis árny èμßaívw. But arm has its first syllable long. |