of this sort better than our cavalier, we give it in his own words.

"We staid one day at Amiens, to adjust this little disorder, and walked about the town, and into the great church, but saw nothing very remarkable there; but going cross a broad street near the great church, we saw a crowd of people gazing at a mountebank doctor, who made a long harangue to them with many antic postures, and gave out bills this way, and boxes of physic that way, and had a great trade; when on a sudden the people raised a cry, Larron! Larron! on the other side the street, and many of the auditors ran away from the doctor to see what the matter was-among the rest we went to see; and the case was plain enough.

Two English gentlemen and a Scotchman, travellers, as we were, were standing gazing at this prating doctor, and one of them caught a fellow picking his pocket: the fellow had got some of his money, for he dropt two or three pieces just by him, and had got hold of his watch, but, being surprised, let it slip again; but the reason of telling this story is for the management of it.

The thief had his seconds so ready, that as soon as the Englishman had seized him, they fell in, pretended to be mighty zealous for the stranger, takes the fellow by the throat, and makes a great bustle. The gentleman, not doubting but the man was secured, let go his own hold of him, and left him to them. The hubbub was great; and 'twas these fellows cried Larron! Larron! but, with a dexterity peculiar to themselves, had let the right fellow go, and seized upon another of their own gang.

At last they bring the man to the gentleman, to ask him what the fellow had done; who, when he saw the person they seized on, presently told them that was not the man: then they seemed to be in more consternation than before, and spread themselves all over the street, crying Larron! Larron! pretending to search for the fellowsome went one way, some another-they were all gone-the noise went over-the gentlemen stood looking one at another-and the bawling doctor began to have the crowd about him again."

At Paris there was not much to be seen. Cardinal Richelieu, who at that time governed France in the triple capacity of head of the church, prime minister of state, and lieut. gen. au place du roy, had left it the winter before, in order to prosecute the war against the Duke of Savoy; and the court, to be near him, was just gone to reside at Lyons.

The French affairs at this time wore but an indifferent aspect there was no life in any place but where the cardinal wasevery where else things looked ill-the troops were badly paid, and the people mutinous. Those of Lyons, in particular, began to be very tumultuous, and a scene ensues, which was, perhaps, a rare exhibition in those days-but with which the eyes of Frenchmen, in these late unhappy times, have become sufficiently familiar.

"We found the day before the mob got together in great crowds, and talked strangely: the king was every where reviled, and spoken disrespectfully of, and the magistrates of the city either winked at, or durst not attempt to meddle, lest they should provoke the people.

But on Sunday night, about midnight, we were waked by a prodigious noise in the street. I jumped out of bed, and, running to the window, I saw the street as full of the mob as it could hold, some, armed with muskets and halbards, marched in very good order; others in disorderly crowds-all shouting and crying out, " Du Paix le Roy!" One that led a great party of this rabble carried a loaf of bread upon the top of a pike, and other less loaves, signifying the smallness of their bread, occasioned by dearness.

By morning the crowd was gathered to a great height: they ran roving over the whole city, shut up the shops, and forced the people to join with them; from thence they went up to the castle, and, renewing the clamour, a strange consternation seized the princes."

The queen mother, however, manages them with great dexterity-she comes into the court of the castle-shews herself to the people-speaks gently to them—and, by a way peculiar to herself, pacifies the mob, and sends them home with promises of redress. In conclusion, he observes, very much in the tone of a cavalier," he must say, that when he called to mind since, the address, the management, the compliance in shew, and, in general, the whole conduct of the queen mother with the mutinous people of Lyons, and compared it with the conduct of his unhappy master, the King of England, he could not but see that the queen understood much better than King Charles the management of politics and the clamours of the people.'

Pursuing his journey, he arrives at Grenoble, the same day that the king and cardinal, with the whole court, go out to view a body of six thousand Swiss foot, which the cardinal had wheedled the Cantons to grant, to hasten the ruin of their neighbour the Duke of Savoy.

"The troops were exceeding fine, well accoutred, brave, clean limbed, stout fellows, indeed.

Here I saw the cardinal: there was an air of church gravity in his habit, but all the vigour of a general, and the sprightliness of a vast genius, in his face; he affected a little stillness in his behaviour, but managed all his affairs with such clearness, such steadiness, and such application, that it was no wonder he had such success in every undertaking.

This politic minister always ordered matters so, that if there was success in any thing, the glory was his; but if things miscarried, it was all laid upon the king.

This conduct was so much the more nice, as it is the direct contrary to the custom in like cases, where the kings assume the glory of all the success in an action; and when a thing miscarries, make them

selves easy by sacrificing their ministers and favourites to the complaints and resentments of the people: but this accurate, refined statesman got over this point.

Here I saw also the king, whose figure was mean, his countenance was hollow, and always seemed dejected, and every way discovering that weakness in his countenance that appeared in his actions.

If he was ever sprightly and vigorous, it was when the cardinal was with him for he depended on every thing he did, that he was at the utmost dilemma when he was absent, always timorous, and irresolute.

I observed, while the cardinal was gone, there was no court, the king was seldom to be seen, very small attendance given, and no bustle at the castle; but as soon as the cardinal returned, the great councils were assembled, the coaches of the ambassadors went every day to the castle, and a face of business appeared upon the whole court."

Leaving Grenoble, he gets into the French army, which was already in the field; and, in one of the frequent skirmishes with the enemy, makes his first essay of arms, having been induced to go out and see the sport, as the French gentlemen called it. It turns out a kind of sport not at all to his liking, for his party is surrounded, and almost all cut off by the enemy. Another rub which he escapes in the French army, some days after, sets him upon considering what he has to do there; and, "being able to give but a very slender account of himself for what it was he ran all these risques, he resolved they shall fight it out among themselves, for he will come among them no more." Shortly after, the plague gets among them, and this makes him think of being gone in real earnest. At Milan, he hears, for the first time, the name of Gustavus Adolphus, the King of Sweden, who had just began his war with the emperor; and every gazette being full of his conquests and victories, he is prepossessed with secret wishes of seeing him. But these designs are so young and unsettled, and he had been so roughly handled already, that they are not strong enough to make him break his resolution of appearing among the fighting people no more. In Italy, however, he sees nothing that gave him any diversion. All their wars are confined to private murders-stabbing men at the corner of streets in the dark-poisoning-twisting of the neck—and the like. Neither has he any more taste for the antiquities, than the modern excellencies of the country. He endeavours, indeed, to persuade himself, when at Rome, that it is pleasant to sayhere stood the Forum-there the Capitol-here the Pantheon, &c.; but, in truth, he is much better pleased with the idea of seeing "all those great towns on the Danube, which were then in the hands of the Turks, and which he had read so much of in the history of the war between the Turks and Germans."

But when, in pursuance of this design, he arrives at Vienna, the fame of the Swedish conquests, and of the hero who commanded them, again shakes his resolution, and he determines upon witnessing the conjunction of the Protestant armies, and, before the fire was broke out too far, to take the advantages of seeing both sides. Accordingly, by virtue of papers obtained at Vienna, he got into the Imperial army, under Count Tilly; but the horrors of the siege of Magdeburg (at which he is present) give him an aversion to the emperor's people, and his cause; so he quits their camp and returns to Leipsic, where he has an opportunity of seeing the Saxon army, and comparing it with the one he had just left.

The duke of Saxony mustered his forces under the walls of Leipsic, and I, having returned to the city two days before, saw them pass in review.

The duke, gallantly mounted, rode through the ranks, attended by his field marshal Arnheim, and seemed mighty well pleased with them; and indeed the troops made a véry fine appearance; but I that had seen Tilly's army, and his old weather-beaten soldiers whose discipline and exercises were so exact, and their courage so often tried, could not look on the Saxon army without some concern for them, when I considered who they had to deal with.

Tilly's men were rugged, surly fellows; their faces had an air of hardy courage, mangled with wounds and scars; their armour shewed the bruises of musket balls, and the rust of the winter storms. I observed of them their clothes were always dirty, but their arms were clean and bright: they were used to camp in the open fields, and sleep in the frosts and rain; their horses were strong and hardy like themselves, and well taught their exercises.

The soldiers knew their business so exactly, that general orders were enough: every private man was fit to command, and their wheelings, marchings, counter-marchings, and exercises, were done with such order and readiness, that the distinct words of command were hardly of any use among them: they were flushed with victory, and scarce knew what it was to fly."

This difference in the two armies makes such an impression on him, that he has no inclination for the Saxon service, and resolves to wait till he has seen the Swedes, of whom he had heard so much.

"When I saw the Swedish troops, their exact discipline, their order, modesty, and familiarity of their officers, and the regular living of the soldiers, their camp seemed a well-ordered city: the meanest countrywoman with her market ware was as safe from violence as in the streets in Vienna.

There were no regiments of lewd women in rags, such as followed the Imperialists; nor any women in the camp but such as were

known to the provosts to be the wives of the soldiers, who were necessary for washing linen, taking care of the soldiers' clothes and dressing their victuals.

The soldiers were well clad, not gay, furnished with excellent arms, and exceedingly careful of them; and though they did not seem so terrible as I thought Tilly's men did when first I saw them, yet the figure they made, together with what we had heard of them, made them seem to me invincible.

The discipline and order of their marchings, camping, and exercise, was excellent and singular, and which was to be seen in no armies but the king's; his own skill, judgement, and vigilance, having added much to the general conduct of armies then in use."

Here he finally makes his election; and smitten with the character of the royal hero, and the valour of his troops, enters the Swedish service.

We could with pleasure follow the "immortal Gustavus" in his splendid career of victory, and the triumphant circuit which he made through the whole of Germany, in the face of the bravest armies, and the most accomplished generals of the age. But our limits will not permit us. We can only assure our readers, that if they are of a warlike mood, they cannot make the same tour in better company than in that of our cavalier. A campaign is in general a dull thing enough in the perusal, unless it be in a country that has seldom been visited by war, where the scenery is picturesque, and the manners of the people curious and interesting. But in Germany that high road of Europe that stage on which the royal gladiators have been in the habit of fighting out their quarrels, time out of mind-it is more than usually dry and professional. The tactician, doubtless, will derive his best instructions from these wars on a grand scale, where all the business of slaughter is transacted secundum artem, but the general reader is wearied out by the repetition of marches-countermarches-entrenchments, and the like; unre lieved by any peep at a pleasant country by the way, and undiversified by any amusing or characteristic details. The present narrative, however, though "horribly stuffed with circumstance of war," interests us not a little, in spite of our cavalier's being so fond of the smell of gunpowder, and having eyes for nothing but the goodly array of men at arms. The fictitious part is so skilfully blended with the historical, that the whole is perfectly of a piece, and has all the life and vivacity which characterise the relations of those who have witnessed what they describe. It is thus that fiction is made to give truth and reality to authentic narrative, and a dull gazette, like the Swedish Intelligencer, (the rude mine from which De Foe seems to have derived his materials) is quickened with life, and presents a moving scene