tion with the Rev. John Stuart) in addition to what he already enjoyed. It was not till the 1st of November, 1785, that effect was given to his petition, the first warrant for the increased amount being dated on the 1st of May, 1786, for the salary for the preceding six months. (Warrants, 1786, Vol. I, p. 77). In a paper on the "State of Religion" it is stated that the £25 forfeited by Christie was given for a schoolmaster to the Indians on the Grand River, but the evidence of the warrants is incontestable, that the £25 for an Indian school must have been drawn from some other source, as Fisher received for many years after the date of the paper the additional salary granted to him when Christie lost it by his misconduct.

An undated memorial prays for the appointment of the Rev. John Doty to the office of schoolmaster in Montreal, but as he was, about the probable date of the memorial and for a number of years afterwards Protestant Minister at Sorel, it is evident that he did not enter on the situation.

The earliest teacher in Montreal of whose life there is any definite information was the Rev. John Stuart, afterwards first Anglican clergyman at Cataraqui, now Kingston. He was born in the Province of Virginia, in 1736, according to Hawkins; Sabine says 1740, and was ordained in England, returning in 1770 to Philadelphia, from which place he was sent to the Mohawk Valley as an Indian missionary. At the breaking out of the American Revolutionary War, he was put under arrest for his loyalty, as is shown by a letter from Schenectady dated the 29th November, 1780, to Sir John Johnson, in which he says that having been a prisoner on parole for two years, he had at last obtained permission to be exchanged for Mr. Gordon, of Ball's Town, so that he might proceed to the British Provinces. The exchange was not effected, and on the 16th April of the following year he was still at Schenectady, and to him and three other principal men of that place Sir John Johnson looked for intelligence of the enemy's movements, in room of "Hudibras," who had been betrayed by one Hewson, a volunteer with Joseph Brant, who deserted from Fort Stanwix and gave information at Albany against the Loyalists. Haldimand had on the 12th of April suggested Mr. Stuart's name, but did not know how far his situation with the people might favour his obtaining intelligence, "but at any rate, he may collect all the different rebel newspapers in a box, and have a certain place agreed upon, suppose a hollow tree, to deposit them."

On the 30th of July, 1784, Haldimand wrote to Sir John Johnson thal he could not think of exchanging Mr. Gordon for Mr. Stuart, and pointed out how useful the latter might be in the revolted Provinces, although at a sacrifice of his own personal

comfort.

In the following October he was, however, in Canada, and opened an academy in Montreal for youth, in conjunction with Mr. Christie. In acknowledging receipt of the advertisement, Haldimand offered to give every encouragement to so laudable an undertaking, and appropriated towards that object part of the bounty allowed by Government, adding, "Your advertisement will be published to-morrow, but I directed the words 'principally intended for the children of Protestants' to be leftout, as it is a distinction which could not fail to create jealousies, at all times improper, but more particularly so at present." He desired him also to receive all classes with the same readiness.

With this injunction Mr. Stuart promised to comply, and said that, in fact, he had already done so, having admitted every person that offered, Protestants, Catholies, Jews, &c., and that no distinction would be made on the score of religious sentitiment or on any other ground.

Unfortunately for the success of the school, the assistant, according to the report made to Haldimand on the 27th November, 1782, was incapable of teaching even the lowest branches. He knew nothing of the classics, which Mr. Stuart was himself to teach, but he professed to be a perfect master of all the practical branches of mathematics, arithmetic, &c., yet could not solve the first rules, and knew nothing even of the most ordinary English subjects. The report with great simplicity says: "I could have dispensed with his ignorance of the English language and faulty accent, but when I found him unacquainted with the rules of common arithmetic, and often obliged to apply to me (in the presence of the pupils) for the solutien of the most simple questions, I could no longer doubt of his inefficiency." The consequence was a separation and the engagement of a new assistant. The old school room was left to Christie, who did not keep his scholars long, and left the Province shortly after the separation, as is stated in a memorial by Finlay Fisher, dated 1783. At the date of the report the attendance at Mr. Stuart's school was 44, with a prospect of increase. The warrants show that the Government allowance to him was £50 sterling a year, continued until he left to become chaplain at Cataraqui. This was one half of the full amount, the other half being divided between Christie and Finlay Fisher.

The great desire of Mr. Stuart appears to have been to settle at Cataraqui, and in February 1784, he wrote twice to Major Mathews, pressing his request. In April he had engaged a substitute to take charge of his school during the time he proposed to be absent. In July he reported that he had visited Cataraqui, where he obtained a lot within a mile of the barracks, and had spent some time among the Indians. The society had left to himself the choice of the place of his future residence, but had reduced the salary he had received as missionary to the Mohawks from £70 to £50 for the new station, and he asked if he was to obtain the office of Chaplain at Cataraqui. In 1786, says Sabine, he opened a school at Kingston, which agrees with the indications afforded by the warrants, the last of which, for his salary as schoolmaster in Montreal, is for the six months from the 1st of November, 1785, to the 30th April, 1786, for £25, equal to £50 a year; the first for his salary "as Minister of the Church of England at Cataraqui" for the six months beginning on the 1st of May, 1786, and ending on the 31st of October, for £50, being double the salary as schoolmaster. It is unnecessary to follow Mr. Stuart farther, as he ceased from this time to have any connection with the work of education in Montreal.

In volume B 220 is a collection of documents relating to the movement for the introduction of French priests into the Province. In June, 1783, a very numerously signed petition was presented to Haldimand by Messrs. Mezières and Delisle, praying that two French priests lately arrived might be allowed to remain in the country to perform religious service and to assist in the work of education, &c. The answer on the 24th of June was conciliatory in tone, but explicitly stated that the orders to send the two French priests back to France were given on public grounds alone, and referring to Mgr. Montgolfier and the priests of the Seminary for evidence of

the good will Haldimand had always shown to them. The correspondence, which will be easily found in the calendar of B 220, may be referred to by those interested in the subject. Other correspondence on the same subject is in B 185-2 beginning at page 403.

That the refusal was due to political causes and to the stringent orders Haldimand had received from the Ministry does not seem to be doubtful. His consideration and kindness to the nuns at Montreal and Quebec, and his readiness to relieve them of the burden of taxation, are evident from the answers to the memorials for relief from taxes prayed for by the nuns of the General Hospitals of Quebec and Montreal, as well as from the ladies of the Congregation. The memorials and answers will be found in B 219, p. 9, and in B 223, pp. 167 to 188. The answer to the application of the nuns of the General Hospital of Montreal is substantially the same as those given to the other similar applications. It is dated the 29th January, 1781. “Wishing to recompense the good services which the religious ladies of the General Hospital of Montreal have rendered, and daily render, to the public by the asylum which their house gives to the infirm and poor of both sexes as well as to foundlings -we by these presents (in the name of the King) make a gift and remission of the droit d'amortissement, which is due to His Majesty for the acquisition which the said religious ladies of the General Hospital have made of the Seigniory of Chateauguay mentioned in the present petition."

In 1784 a census was taken of the population of the three Governments-Quebec, Three Rivers and Montreal-in addition to which Bishop Briand supplied a list of the parishes, curés, revenues, &c., in his diocese, and Mr. François Baby, Adjutant General of Militia, furnished a general enumeration of the ecclesiastics and religious communities. The general census will be found in volume B 225-2 in detail; only the summary of it is here published, but the other tables are given as they appear in the volume. The complete census of the three Governments in the volume mentioned will be found for Montreal at page 386, Three Rivers, 389, and Quebec, 390. A census of Indians (p. 393) taken in 1783, is also given, the whole, as well as the ecclesiastical tables and the militia returns, will be found at note B

, together with a memorandum on the state of religion in the Province in 1790, having a very complete statement attached, showing by districts the number of clergy, schools, scholars, Catholic and Protestant, &c., in the Province at that date. The notes to the census are not repeated in the tables as printed here.

No remarks are necessary on the volumes-B. 226, 227, 228 or 229. There are three volumes (B. 230 to B. 232), containing Haldimand's diary, which is given in full. The entries were made irregularly, sometimes in one of the books, sometimes in another, so that it has been difficult to arrange them in exact chronological order. The attempt to do this has not been absolutely successful, except where public events could be made use of as a guide, although no very important error will be found, and notes have been made where the dates cannot be positively established. The determination to publish the diary in full was not arrived at without serious consideration, so much of it deals with the busy occupations of an idle man, dining, visiting, card playing, &c. It was, however, felt that the character of a man who

filled the office of Governor and Commander-in-Chief at so critical a period of the history of Canada, and whose conduct in that position has been so sharply criticised, might be more justly estimated, whether the judgment be favourable or unfavourable, by giving the diary complete, rather than by making extracts which might not unreasonably be suspected to have been chosen for reasons, consciously or unconsciously, biased by prejudice, either in favour of or against the writer. The diary, which is in French, has been printed exactly as it was written, so far as can be made out. It should be remarked, however, that whilst many of the errors in spelling, &c., may have arisen from carelessness in hastily writing the entries, the writing is so small and difficult to read that it is not impossible errors may have been committed in copying, in spite of the utmost care. In many cases the proper names are given in most eccentric forms, some no doubt from being imperfectly heard when introductions took place. Every care has been taken to identify the persons meant and the conjectural names have been added in brackets.

I have, according to the rule I have usually observed in the reports, made a translation, so as to be of service to those whose knowledge of French is imperfect.

In the course of publishing the calendar, inquiries have been made respecting a certain General Budé, whose letters were evidence that he held a position near the person of the King, The diary shows that he was an intimate friend and counsellor of Haldimand, with whom he was in constant association. Budé was a native of the Pays de Vaud, who was at one time page to the Prince of Orange, and afterwards held a commission in the Sardinian service. When it became necessary to select a tutor or governor for Prince William Henry (afterwards William IV), Salzas, who had been assistant to Lord Holderness, Governor to the Prince of Wales and Prince Frederick, and had secured by his conduct in that capacity the King's confidence, was consulted by His Majesty on the subject of the selection. Salzas recommended Budé, who became a permanent resident in the Royal household, and was made a General in the Hanoverian service. He was afterwards appointed private secretary to the Duke of York, and died at Windsor on the 30th October, 1818, at the age of 82. He is highly spoken of as a man of great attainments, honour and prudence.

Salzas, in whom George the Third and the Queen took a lively interest, as is shown by the diary, was a native of Switzerland, was a tutor in Holland and became private secretary to Lerd Holderness and then deputy governor to the Prince, as already stated. (Life of William IV, p. 17.)

Whilst a large space is occupied with the most frivolous details of dining and visiting, yet glimpses are to be had of the men by whom the history of Canada under British rule was first moulded. The character of Amherst does not appear in a very favourable light, he being represented as self-seeking and regardless of the interests of those whom he sought to make useful to himself. Some of the entries show Carleton's necessities, which compelled him to secure all the advantages possible from his position as Governor General of Canada; others indicate Clinton's extravagance; others the doubtful character of Chief Justice Smith and the undue influence he exercised over Carleton; others again the intrigues for place and honours not dwelt on, yet clearly shown. At page 213 of the diary, as printed in this report, is a curious contribution to the history of the Yorktown capitulation, a strike among the carpenters in New York having delayed for a fortnight the

departure of the fleet intended to co-operate with Cornwallis. These and other details may be found useful in the study of public events. Haldimand's kindness towards his relations, his generosity to the young officers of his battalion and others, and the hospitality he extended to all Canadians arriving in London are shown very clearly in the diary, in a matter-of-fact way, and cannot be disregarded should his biography ever be written.

One entry shows the little control King George III had over his family, who behaved with great rudeness whenever the restraint of their mother's presence was removed, the influence the Queen possessed over her unruly children being plainly indicated. The fondness of both King and Queen for social gossip has brought out the story of Lord Heathfield's proposed second marriage, not noticed by any of his biographers. Lord Heathfield, better known as General Elliott, for three years defended Gibraltar against the combined attack of France and Spain, with a handful of men. As one of his biographers says: "All the eyes of Europe were upon his conduct, and his final triumph was universally allowed to be among the most brilliant military transactions of modern times." Singularly enough, the date of his birth was unknown to his biographers. One of them says he was born about the year 1718; the others give the year (1718), but without further particularizing. His own statement to Haldimand leaves no doubt on the subject; he was, he said, born on the 1st of January, 1718. Lord Heathfield was a man of the most abstemious habits, used no animal food, drank no wine and was satisfied with four hours sleep; but in his seventy-third year, after a shock of paralysis, he made up his mind to marry again, to the unconcealed amusement of the Court but to the great chagrin of his only son and of his relations. Before the marriage could take place, however, he died on the 6th of July, 1790, at Aix-la-Chapelle, on his way to Gibraltar.

Haldimand survived his friend Lord Heathfield only a few months, having died at Yverdun, in Switzerland, probably in the May following. The notice of his death in the Annual Register for 1791, is placed after those for June, and states that he had died lately. A certified copy of his will is among the Archives (Series M. G., Vol. 20. p. 59), dated 30th March, and entered at Doctor's Commons on the 21st of June, 1791. The following is a copy of the will:-

In the name of God Amen.

at my

death

I. Sir Frederick Haldimand, Knight of the Order of the Bath and General in the Service of his Britannick Majesty thinking proper to dispose of my property Do by this present Will name my dear nephew Anthony Francis Haldimand settled in London for my Universal Heir of all the property which I shall possess as well in Europe as in America and of what nature soever such property may consist without being obliged to render any account thereof to any one of the family under any pretence the whole upon the following conditions, that he shall pay all my just debts and the legacies hereunder mentioned.

I leave to my sister in Law Corn Low the sum of twenty thousand Livres Swiss

money,

Item to my four nieces Henrietta Haldimand, Mesdames Newlet, Aubergeaunoix and Bertram to each the sum of Twenty thousand Francs Swiss.

Item to my Great Nephew Lieutenant DeVos, the sum of Thirty thousand Francs Swiss.

Item to my Great Nephews and Nieces, that is to say to the six children of my nephew Anthony, to the five of my niece Newlet (including therein Lieutenant DeVos) to the two of my niece Aubergeaunoix and to the four of my niece Bertram