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APPENDIX.

APPENDIX.

No. I.

(Referred to from the end of Part I.)

A SYNOPSIS OF AQUATIC INSECTS, COVERING

Water insects

that cover themselves with cases, have a case either

Straight, having either And their cases are either

THEMSELVES WITH CASES.

Immoveable. being affixed [Round, with little threads
to stones; and have a
on the sides; or
body either
Flat, and more compressed,
without little threads.
Or moveable, portable and migratory, called" Phryganea,"
vulg."acad-case," which is furnished with little threads,
as well on the back as the sides, by means whereof
they adhere firmly to their cases, excepting only their
head and feet; with three small protuberances pro-
jecting beyond the feet, which they can erect, or put
forth at pleasure, to hinder their cases from pressing
down on their heads as they creep, and troubling

Straws ag-
glutinated:
and those
either

Or no straws
adhering,
but small
stones, or
fine sand
which are

either

;

them.
Parallel,
constitu-
ting two
species;

The greater being two inches long. The lesser and most common, called straw-worms.

Or transverse and shorter, with sometimes small stones and shells intermixed.

Round, with little worms within, called cod-bait, With somewhat larger stones adhering to the sides of the case, but never to the fore or back part of it; whence it necessarily appears flat and compressed.

Or flat and
compress-
ed, either

Or with no stones adhering to the sides; but with a case extending on each side into a narrow margin, or border, like wings; and the case is more flat and compressed than the former.

Or crooked, or rather resembling a horn: for the cases of these are crooked, and one extremity is larger, the other less. Of these I have known four different species, viz. the black, large and small; and ash colour, large and small.

All these produce flies with large wings, like those of butterflies. The nymphæ of these (which are to spring from those small worms, and which, like tortoises, carry their houses about with them, within which they turn into nymphæ, from which nymphæ afterwards spring little flies) Dr Swammerdam refers to his fourth order of transmutations, whereas, in my opinion, they belong to the third, because they change their skin twice.

Another translation of this Synopsis, too copious to be here inserted, together with many curious particulars concerning aquatic insects, is to found in the Natural History of Northamptonshire, by the Rev. John Morton, chap. vii.

No. II.

[Referred to from Part II. p. 275, note.]

FEBRUARY. Peacock Hackle. Peacock's herl alone, or interchanged with ostrich herl; warping, red silk; red cock's hackle over all. It may be varied by a black cock's hackle and silver twist. Taken chiefly from nine to eleven in the morning, and from one to three in the afternoon.

This, and the several other hackles which we have here and hereafter described, being most tempting baits, should always be first tried when the angler comes to a strange river; and not changed till he has found out, and is certain, what particular fly is upon the water. MARCH. Green Peacock Hackle. Greenish her of a peacock; warping, green silk; a black hackle over all. Taken from eight to eleven in the morning.

Ash-coloured Dun. Dub with the roots of a fox-cub's tail; warp with pale yellow silk. Wing, of the pale part of a starling's feather. Taken from eight to eleven, and from one to three.

This fly, which is also called the Violet Dun, and Blue Dun, is to be found on almost every river: some particulars of it have been mentioned in the note, part ii. p. 275; but here follow some observations on it, which deserve to be attended to. It varies much in its colour, according to the season of the year: in March and September it is called, and that very properly, the violet dun, for it has often that hue; and therefore, in the passage above referred to, we have directed the mixing blue-violet crewel with the fox-cub down. In April it assumes a pale ash colour; and in May is of a beautiful lemon colour, both body and wings. In June and July it is blue-black; and from July it insensibly varies, till it becomes of its primitive colour, violet dun, which it never fails to do by September.

APRIL. Pearl colour, or Heron Dun. Dub with the yellowish, or ash-coloured herl of a heron; warp with ash-coloured silk. Wing, from the short feather of a heron, or from a coot's wing of an ashcolour. Morning and afternoon.

Blue Dun. Dub with the fur of a water-rat; warp with ash-colour. Wing, of a coot's feather. Morning and evening.

MAY. Silver Twist Hackle. Dub with the herl of an ostrich feather; warp with dark green, silver twist, and black cock's hackle over all. Taken from nine to eleven, especially in a showery day.

Sooty Dun. Dub with black spaniel's fur, or the herl of an ostrich ; warp with green. Wing, the dark part of a land-rail or coot. Taken best in a showery day, as also in April or June.

Light Flaming or Spring Brown. Dub with light brown of a calf; warp with orange colour. Wing, of a pale gray mallard's feather. Taken chiefly before sunset in a warm evening: a good fly.

Although much is said in the first part of the foregoing dialogues, (p. 111,) of the oak-fly, the author has given but a very superficial description of it, and his directions for making it are extremely imperfect; we would therefore recommend the making it after the natural fly, and that according to the following directions:

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