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were originally three different tribes in those countries." Here Mr. Adair gives a fabulous story. "This story sprung from the innovating superstitious ignorance of the popish priests to the south-west of us. Our own Indian tradition is literal and not allegorical; and ought to be received, because persons who have been long separated from the rest of mankind must know their own traditions the best, and could not be deceived in so material and frequently repeated an event. Though they have been disjoined through different interests time immemorial, yet, (the rambling tribes of northern Indians excepted,) they aver that they came over the Missisippi from the westward, before they arrived at their present settlements. This we see verified by the western old towns they have left behind them, and by the situation of their old beloved towns or places of refuge, lying about a west course from each different nation. Such places in Judea were chiefly built in the most remote parts of the country; and the Indians deem those only as beloved towns where they first settled. This tradition is corroborated by a current report of the old Chikkasah Indians to our traders, that about 40 years since," (this was written in the year 1775,) "there came from Mexico some of the old Chikkasah cation in quest of their brethren, as far north as the Aquakpah nation, about 130 miles above the Natchee's old towns on the south side of the Missisippi; but, through French policy, they were either killed or sent back, so as to prevent their opening a brotherly intercourse, as they had proposed. And it is worthy of notice, that the Muskohgeh cave, out of which one of their politicians persuaded them that their ancestors formerly ascended to their present terrestrial abode, lies in the Nanne Hamgeh old town, inhabited by the Missisippi Natchee Indians, which is one of the most western parts of their old inhabited country. The old waste towns of the Chikkasah lie to the west and south-west, from whence they have migrated since the time we first opened a trade with them; on which course they formerly went to war over the Missisippi, because they knew it best, and had disputes with the natives of those parts, when they first came from thence. Wisdom directed them to connive at some injuries on account of their itinerant camp of women and children: for their tradition says, it consisted of 10,000 men, besides women and children, when they came from the west and passed over the Missisippi. The fine breed of running wood horses, which they brought with them, were the present Mexican or Spanish barbs. They also aver, that their ancestors cut off and despoiled the greatest part of a caravan loaded with gold and silver: but the carriage of it proved so troublesome to them, that they threw it into a river, where it could not benefit the enemy.

"Ancient history is quite silent concerning America, which indicates, that it has been, time immemorial, rent asunder from the African continent, according to Plato's Timeus. The north-east parts of Asia were also undiscovered till of late. Many geogra

phers have stretched Asia and America so far as to join them together, and others have divided those two quarters of the globe at a great distance from each other. But the Russians, after several dangerous attempts, have clearly convinced the world that they are now divided, and yet have a near communication together by a narrow strait, in which several islands are situated, through which there is an easy passage from the north-east of Asia to the north-west of America by the way of Kamschatka, which probably joined to the north-west point of America. By this passage, supposing the main continents were separated, it was very practicable for the inhabitants to go to this extensive new world, and afterwards to have proceeded in quest of suitable climates, according to the law of nature, that directs every creature to such climes as are most convenient and agreeable. Such readers as may dissent from my opinion of the Indian American origin and descent, ought to inform us how the natives came here, and by what means they formed the long chain of rites, customs, &c. so similar to the usage of the Hebrew nation, and in general dissimilar to the modes of the pagan world.

"I presume, enough hath been said to point out the similarity between the rites and customs of the native American Indians, and those of the Israelites; and that the Indian system is derived from the moral, ceremonial, and judicial laws of the Hebrews, though now but a faint copy of the divine original. Their religious rites, martial customs, dress, musick, dances, and domestick forms of life, seem clearly to evince also, that they came to America in early times, before sects had sprung up among the Jews; which was soon after their prophets ceased, and before arts and sciences had arrived at any perfection: otherwise it is likely they would have retained some knowledge of them, at least where they first settled, it being a favourite climate; and consequently they were in a more compact body, than on this northern part of the American continent."

The recent discoveries of Captain Cook respecting the strait which separates Asia and America, are now laid down in every modern map. Dr. Robertson is decidedly of opinion, that all the Americans are of Asiatick extraction, with the sole exception of the Esquimaux. He further observes, that, according to the traditions of the Mexicans, "their ancestors came from a remote country, situated to the north-west of Mexico. The Mexicans point out their various stations as they advanced from this into the interiour provinces; and it is precisely the same route which they must have held, if they had been emigrants from Asia.” Hist. of America, B. iv. Sect. 8. p. 41, 42, 43.

With regard to the curious work of Mr. Adair, (says Faber,) as as I have nomeans of ascertaining its authenticity, I wish to be understood as giving no opinion whatsoever upon it. "Neque confirmare argumentis, neque refellere, in animo est: ex ingenio suo quisque demat, vel addat, fidem."

LETTER OF BISHOP HORNE.

MY DEAREST CHARLES,

Mag. Coll. July 12th, 1755.

AS it has pleased God, who orders every thing for the best, to -separate us for a time, so that we cannot pass our hours together, as we used to do, in reading the Holy Scriptures, and talking one to another of the things God has done for us, and requires us to do for him, we have nothing left but to pray earnestly for each other, that we fall not into temptation, and communicate our thoughts in writing for the establishment of our faith. Be not discouraged, my beloved friend, at what has happened. It is not this, or that person, that has taken you from us, but He who orders and disposes all events according to his infinite wisdom, and unbounded love. And this, you may depend upon it, is done for great and glorious purposes; at least for the trial of your own faith, that being more precious than gold, it may come out brighter from the furnace of temptation. There are two methods the enemy has of attacking the children of God,-threatening and alluring. One of these the strength from above has enabled you to stand, and fear not but the same strength will make you more than conqueror over the other. The God who delivered you out of the paws of the lion, and the bear, and the uncircumcised Philistine, will, (if you continually pray to him,) enable you to dash from your lips, untasted, the gilded cup of pleasure and vanity, now offered and pressed upon you by the world, to charm your faith to sleep, and rob you of the jewel of everlasting salvation. Oh keep a watchful eye upon this mother of fornication, and let her not bewitch you with her sorceries, as she does the kings and great ones of the earth. When you went from hence, the world, I know, had no charms for you; its cares, honours, and pleasures were as insipid to you, as the kingdom of God and his righteousness are to others: and when alone in your little garden, with a Bible in your hand, no person, I am well assured, could more heartily subscribe that sentence of the blessed apostle, "Having food and raiment, let us be there with content." This happy temper of mind, my dearest Charles, keep and hold fast. Remember it was formed upon thorough conviction and sound judgment, in the hours when you were best disposed to understand and settle the true value of things. Let not, therefore, any supposed highness of spirits, occasioned by worldly joys and pleasures, make you alter an opinion grounded upon the everlasting truth of the Almighty God. For the world, whatever face it may put on, on this side of the water or the other, is nothing but fuel for the fire of vengeance. Remember that all the saints of God were trangers in the foreign country of this world, foreign indeed to VOL. I.-No. I.

M

the heirs of glory! they confessed themselves pilgrims and sojourners, without any possession, but a burying place. And, O remember! (for it is worthy to be engraved with the point of a diamond upon your heart for ever,) that He who made the world, and therefore best knew its true value, chose to have nothing from it but its abuse and reproaches. Be strong, therefore, my much beloved friend and brother; be strong, not in yourself, but in the Lord, and in the power of his might. Besides frequent ejaculations, whatever you are about, to the throne of grace; fail not, at any rate, to steal some portion of each day, for reading, meditation, and prayer. Read the blessed Book, the fountain of all comfort, and apply by faith to yourself what you meet with there. Digest the heavenly food by meditation, and then turn it into prayer for its accomplishment in you. Forget not a daily examination of the state of your soul, that you may know what temptations are most prevailing, and wrestle with the Angel of the Covenant for a blessing on your endeavours to overcome them. Pray with the same earnestness you would have done, had you been with the three children in the fiery furnace. When you are assaulted by pride, vanity, and lust, look down into the grave and see yourself the food of worms and serpents; when you are perplexed with doubt, fear, and anxiety, look up to heaven, and see Jesus standing at the right hand of God. That this same Jesus, who is ever ready to succour them that are tempted, having been tempted himself with all the kingdoms of the world, and the glory of them --that he may preserve you unhurt and unspotted in the midst of this evil and adulterous generation, and present you faultless, in the robes of his perfect righteousness, before the presence of his Father with exceeding joy; is a prayer offered up in the same earnestness of supplication, with which he prays for his own soul, by, my dearest Charles,

Your affectionate brother in the faith of Christ,

To Mr. Charles Poynz,

Spa, Germany.

G. HORNE.

EXTRACT

From Bishop Jewell's Apology for the Church of England.

IT is related of Sophocles, the tragick poet, that in the decline of his life he was denounced by his own children to the judges as an insane dotard, who wasted his fortune by extravagance, and evidently required a guardian for the management of his affairs; and that in order to clear himself of such an imputation, he appeared before the court, and having recited his Edipus Coloneus, an elegar and highly-finished performance, which had been writter during the time of his pretended insanity, concluded by demanding

of his judges, whether that poem were like the work of a mad

man.

We too, (meaning the English Church,) who in the opinion of our enemies do little better than rave, and are slandered by them as hereticks, having no part with Christ, nor with the Church of God, have thought that it will not be either impertinent or without its use, if we shall declare with plainness and freedom the "faith" wherein we rest, and the whole ground of our hope in Christ Jesus; -that all men may know what our opinions are on each point of Christian doctrine, and be able to determine whether a "Faith" which they will see sanctioned by the lips of Christ, the writings of the apostles, the testimony of the catholick fathers, and the practice of the Church during many ages, be nothing more than the phrensy of madmen, or an imposture of wily hereticks.

We believe, then, in one divine Nature and Energy, which we call God; and that it is distinguished into three equal persons, the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost, of the same power, majesty, eternity, godhead, and substance; and although these three persons are so distinguished, that neither the Father is the Son, nor the Son the Holy Ghost or the Father, yet we hold that GOD IS ONE; and that this One God created the heavens and the earth, and whatsoever is contained within the circuit of the heavens.

We believe that Jesus Christ, the Only Son of the Eternal Father, according to the order which had been appointed before all worlds, in the "fulness of time," assumed our flesh, and the whole nature of man, from the "blessed" virgin, in order that he might reveal to men the hidden counsels of his Father; might accomplish, in a human body, the mysterious plan of our redemption; and might nail our sins, and the "hand-writing" which was against us, to his cross.

We believe that for our sakes he died, was buried, and descended into hell; that on the third day, by a divine power and energy, he returned to life, and rose from the tomb, and after forty days went up, in the sight of his disciples, into heaven, that he might fill all things, and that thus he might raise the same body in which he was born, in which he tabernacled, in which he had been mocked and derided, and had suffered the most grievous torments and a cruel death, to glory and majesty at the right hand of his Father, above all principalities, and powers, and thrones, and dominions, and every thing that is named, not only in this world, but in that which is to come; that there he now sits, and will sit till the consummation of all things. And though the divine nature of Christ be every where diffused, yet we maintain, with St. Augustine, that his body must needs be in some one place; that though Christ glorified his humanity, yet he did not divest it of its true nature; and that it can never be affirmed he is God, so as to deny that he is at the same time man. As Vigilius Martyr well observes, Christ has left us in his human nature, but by his godhead he is with us still: though absent from us, as under the "form of a ser vant," he is ever present to us in the "form of God,"

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