much out in the streets, which were wretchedly dirty. The houses, and especially the lobbies, were most of them miserably covered with a dirty, neglected surface, and the atmosphere everywhere bad. They had generally their windows open, which so far showed they were not insensible to health. The police should certainly give more attention to the cleaning of these miserable streets.

"On the 28th was again in St. Giles's, and suffered painfully, then and afterwards, in the feeling that the people are extremely sinful and very wretched. A friend who was with me pleaded on their behalf, that, considering how they had been educated, they could not be regarded as having the same degree of condemnation which many, less apparently guilty, might suffer, who had neglected many advantages, and abused great and valuable privileges in their education. It is true that only the Judge of the whole earth can fully see how any stand before Him; but sin is sin in all; and much it behoves us, who are so greatly favoured, to seek the rescue of these unhappy people from the dreadful thraldom in which they are involved. There must be something in the general order of society, or some great lack that introduces such a state of things as we see. What can be the cause of four hundred women being found in one prison, confined for debt? Oh! that those who feel for the sins and miseries in which human beings are involved in this metropolis !-oh! that they would unite their efforts, and try to do them good. We want rooms in which to receive those who desire to forsake the error of their ways, in which they might be sheltered and provided with employment suitable to their ability. Employment for females

should be a subject of close attention, especially for such as are widows and unmarried: there are not places of domestic service for all. I feel assured that if these subjects are entered into it will be found that effectual good cannot be done, without some additional arrangements, on a comprehensive plan, for this first step to civilizationuseful and sufficiently productive employment, especially for single females. Rather let there be a colony formed, in which they should even till the ground, than that it should be said women cannot earn a decent living for themselves if left to their own resources. The peasant system in Ireland, with all its miseries, is beautiful in comparison with the wretched habit of living in the garrets of St. Giles's. We want, also, a general arrangement for visiting schools, and for visiting families, so as to encourage and support a good attendance of schools, a weekly meeting of children for religious instruction, and a meeting for both children and parents, adapted to the lowest state in which they are found, as to instruction, and conducted by persons who do not receive payment for their labours, but act on the principle that as freely they have received so they should freely give. These five branches, shelter, employment, education, including general visits in districts to inquire into the state of education and to lend tracts to parents and children, childrens' meetings, and, fifthly, meetings for all ages, all these might be of incalculable benefit in the metropolis. The lowest ranks in society would be, in some respects, more difficult subjects for instruction than many are in those called heathen lands, and they would want the same care even from the beginning in the attempt

to civilize and Christianize them, if we might be permitted as instruments in such a cause.

"29th. In conversation with a friend respecting our establishment at Birkow, he still thought that a little colony of Friends, on the banks of the Gambia, might present an example, and possess an influence that would be beneficial to the natives, and useful to the colony near it. I believe so too, and can never forget what was felt at Birkow in our short abode there. Oh! that a station for Friends on that spot might one day be renewed ! The garden-fence indeed is broken down,-perhaps the seat destroyed on which our dear J. T. prepared a rest near the well for his sister and myself; but they are not—our friends are not-lost sight of in the hearts of the people. The ocean, with its fine tide, still awfully rolls against the rocky beach; and the departing sun is seen shedding its fine mellow beams on the bosom of the great Atlantic. Some Christian European teacher may again contemplate the grand display of the power of Him who made heaven and earth, the sea, and the fountains of water,-contemplate a portion of these wonders as displayed from the coast of Africa upon the Western Ocean, and feel, with us, an assured conviction that the days are hastening in which the knowledge of the Lord shall cover the earth as the waters cover the depth of the

sea.

"Should life be spared for some few years longer, I may for a season be called to dwell at Birkow. I do not look forward with fear, although the prospect is connected with affecting circumstances.

"At present the scene of immediate labour for

me is nearer home, and when these duties shall have been accomplished, I may the more quietly leave for a longer residence on the African coast. The engagements of the last two weeks, and the entrance upon our research into the miserable district of St. Giles's has felt wearing to my spirits and strength. When alone it has seemed to me as though I was plunged into a sense of the sins and miseries of the people, and my own constitutional tendency to occasional feelings of extreme anxiety and depression has been at times painfully prevalent; but I have not imparted much to any on these sufferings. It has been permitted that they should at times be succeeded with such causes of rejoicing in hearing of the probability of some good being done, that thankfulness ought to be ever the clothing of my mind.

"10th mo. 8th. In the monthly-meeting held this week I was much impressed with the view that in the present state of things in the world Divine Wisdom is pleased often to effect much good through the agency of imperfect instruments, and that to withhold what might be really serviceable, because of the possible mixture of what is not desirable, would be like suffering great evils to rankle unremedied which might, by a courageous and diligent effort, be in a degree removed.

"12th. A few of us who are interested for the poor of St. Giles's met, and there appears some hope that we may act in friendly coalescence, without compromise of principle, if Christian sincerity be maintained. I long to see the way opened for this, and that we may stimulate each other to love and good works. This day in meeting, which was a favoured season, it appeared to me that I ought

to be willing to think little of individual trial, but that quiet reliance on Divine Providence, and thankfulness for unmerited goodness, ought ever to be the covering of my spirit.

"11mo. 26th. Everything that we witness in the most degraded classes of the people in this metropolis confirms the conviction that it is to early religious instruction and useful occupation that we must look as the great instruments which Divine Providence will use for the restoration of the people, in whatever country, from that state of vice and misery which is so dreadfully apalling. The unhappiness is that so many in other classes of society, living in ease and indulgence, and reluctant to enter into what is painful and difficult, are too much disposed to turn away their eyes from the sight of the real state of the people in the lowest ranks, and to consider the evils that exist as arising from some unavoidable cause, which it is not their business to be at the trouble of investigating. This coldness in one class of society towards the other is, I fear, a cause of greater misery, and even sin, than the open violence with which the world has been, and still is afflicted.

"Wars and outward discord, with all their horrors, display themselves, and the evils and sufferings they cause induce in time their termination; but the miseries that arise from cold, unheeding neglect, leave its victims to pine and suffer in secret, and often a prey to violent temptation to crime, which must, we cannot doubt, bring condemnation, not only on each guilty individual, but these consequences must be attributed also to those who might have been the means of shielding from such temptation, and would not.