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THE promontory called Cape Ann is the wall between Massachusetts Bay and Ipswich Bay. The old common road, extending from Salem, north-eastwardly along the south shore of the Cape, through Beverly, Pride's Crossing, Beverly Farms, West Manchester, Manchester, Magnolia, Gloucester West Parish, and Gloucester Harbor, to

Rockport, the terminal town, is sixteen miles. The road parallel with the north shore of the Cape, extending from Essex or the Chebacco River to the mouth of Squam River, and from Annisquam Village, on the opposite side of the river, through Bay View, Lanesville, and Folly Cove, to Pigeon Cove, the north village of Rockport, is nine miles. Gloucester, including Magnolia, the West Parish, Riverdale, Annisquam, Bay View, Lanesville, and Folly Cove, is the principal Cape town. It is bounded by Manchester and Essex on the west, by Ipswich Bay on the north, Rockport on the east, and Massachusetts Bay on the south. Rockport, including Pigeon Cove, being at the end of the Cape, except on the west is sea-girt. Squam River, mainly an inlet from Ipswich Bay, with its many branches and coves, and the addition of a short canal on the Massachusetts Bay side, known as the Cut, separates from Magnolia and the West Parish all the rest of the Cape. So the more populous villages of Gloucester, and together with these the villages of Rockport and Pigeon Cove, have their seats on an island. They are reached from the main land by crossing the railway bridge in the cars, and the bridge spanning the Cut, in the ordinary ways of journeying.

The general aspect of the Cape is rugged. West of Squam River, granite hills and ledges occupy the entire territory. Many of the elevations of Magnolia and the West Parish are craggy and

bald, but a large portion of them are covered with forest. Tompson's Mountain is the highest elevation of the Cape. Climbing to its dome-like top curious, without field or opera

on a fair day, the

glasses, easily discern Bunker Hill Monument, Wachusett, Monadnock, Gunstock, and Agamenticus. Among the hills of Magnolia and the West Parish, there are swamps fragrant with magnolias and water-lilies, tangled dales and sinuous brooks, cultivated meadows, apple orchards, and patches of vegetables and grain. The small neighborhoods here and there, and the sequestered homes scattered throughout the rugged precinct, complete the unplanned but picturesque and charming disposition of things.

Squam River, with its branches and coves, is bordered partly by salt marshes, and partly by rocky points, necks and islands. It is also dotted with a few rocks and small islands. From its mouth, or connection with Ipswich Bay, westward to the Chebacco River, stretches Coffin's Beach, with its hillocks of white sand, thinly tufted with coarse, innutritious grasses. The hills nearest to Coffin's Beach and Ipswich Bay are largely stripped of their once dense covering of wood; yet, to the stranger, they present the unique adornings of granite boulders, clumps of barberry bushes, and thickets of blueberry and bayberry shrubs.

Eastward from Squam River, to Gap Head and Andrews' Point, the southern and northern outer

most projections of the Cape, the features do not differ from those of the district which has been described. From Gloucester Harbor on the south side of the Cape, to Annisquam and Bay View on the north side, extends irregularly a range of hills, some with broad slopes, and others with steep sides. The highway from Gloucester Harbor to Annisquam, through Riverdale, runs between these hills and Squam River. These highlands are chiefly bare of trees, but warted all over with boulders of granite, from the size of a lap-stone to that of a one-story dwelling. They are deeply gashed across too, at several points, by dells and ravines, which drain a few bogs and swamps, and afford shelter and nourishment to willows, alders, woodbine, clematis, and wild roses.

Eastward from this range of hills, to the end of the Cape, the same interchange of hill and valley continues. Moreover, a great part of this background of Lanesville, Folly Cove, Pigeon Cove, and Rockport, extending across the Cape from Ipswich Bay to Massachusetts Bay, is, overgrown with wood. A spur projecting from the south side of the Cape, between Little Good Harbor Beach and the head of the harbor, at Gloucester, far into Massachusetts Bay, bearing the name of Eastern Point, is the chief protection of the harbor of Gloucester. Between Gloucester Harbor and the Rockport line, there are several hills commanding broad views of towns, harbors, bays, and

diversified regions of inland. of these is Lookout Hill.

bor Beach.

One of the highest

On the south side of the

Cape, near the Rockport line, is Little Good HarIt is walled in on the Gloucester side by the Bass Rocks, and on the Rockport side by Salt Island. From Little Good Harbor Beach over a rocky point, within the Rockport line, Long Beach is reached; and next, after fording a stream and passing a crag, Pebble Stone Beach. From these beaches, and from the coves and points farther toward Gap Head, there is a fine prospect of Milk Island, flat and low, and without trees; Thatcher's Island, with its tall light-houses; and a wide sweep of Massachusetts Bay, and of the Atlantic outside. From Gap Head, the southern extreme point of the Cape, across the Gut to Straitsmouth Island, it is but a few minutes' toil with the oars.

The road leading from Gloucester Harbor to Rockport, after crossing the line, passes through a farm called Beaver Dam. The cultivated part of Beaver Dam is in a basin, which may have once been a lake. In the woods bounding this basin. on the south, and shielded from the sea by the densely wooded hills near Long Beach, is a lakelet distinguished as Cape Pond. Being the larger of the only two considerable bodies of fresh water on the Cape, this plain name is appropriate. It has a' rim of pebbles and rushes, and high, precipitous surroundings of ledge and wildwood. Near its

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