ner in office, grace, labour, suffering, lently, Lev. xxv. 39. Matt. v. 41. or consultation, Ezra iv. 7. Acts xix. (2.) To urge earnestly, and with suc29. Phil. ii. 25. Heb. x. 33. cess, 1 Sam. xxviii. 23. Ministers COMPANY, a number of persons, compel sinners to come into Christ's Psal. Ixviii. 11. To company, accom-house, when, with the utmost earnest. pany, or go in company with, is to act ness and concern, they show them with one, and be familiar with him, their sinfulness and danger; the love 1 Cor. v. 9, 11. Job xxxiv. 8. Psal. and loveliness of Christ; the happilv. 14. ness of those who receive him; their To COMPARE, LIKEN, (1.) To warrant, and the command of God to reckon alike or equal, Psa. lxxxix. 6. believe in him, and beseech them, as (2.) To make like, Jer. vi. 2. (3.) in Christ's stead, to be reconciled to To set things together, in order that God, Luke xiv. 23. the likeness or difference may clearly COMPLAINT, (1.) Affliction of appear, 1 Cor. ii. 13. Judg. viii. 2. mind from outward circumstances, 1 It is not wise to compare ourselves Sam. i. 16. (2.) Request, or exwith our opposers or friends; as not pectation, Job xxi. 4. (3.) Accusathey, but the law of God, is the pro- tion, Acts xxv. 7. A complainer is per standard by which we ought to one who is disposed to find fault with judge ourselves, 2 Cor. x. 12. his lot, and turn every thing into an

To COMPASS, (1.) To go round occasion of complaint, Jude 16. Such about a place; to guard or beset it a person is seldom satisfied with the on every side, Psal. v. 12. (2.) To conduct of either God or men, and is furnish plentifully, till one be, as it ranked among the blackest characwere, surrounded therewith, Heb. ters in the holy scriptures.

xii. 1. Psal. xxxii. 7. The Virgin COMPLETE, fully finished, Lev. Mary compassed a man, when she xxiii. 15. Saints are complete in Christ, conceived, and brought forth the Son are filled with wisdom and holiness of God in our nature, Jer. xxxi. 22. by him who is head of all principa Men compass God, when they, in lity and power, Col. ii. 10. They multitudes, assemble to praise and stand complete in all the will of God, worship him, Psal. vii. 7. They com- when they regard all his commandpass him with lies, when, in their ments, and obey them in an eminent worship, they deal hypocritically and degree, Col. iv. 12. deceitfully; confess what they do not really believe to be sinful; ask what they do not sincerely desire; vow what they never intended to perform; profess what they do not believe with their heart; and when they multiply idols in his land, Hos. xi. 12.

COMPOSITION, a mingling of several spices, or other ingredients, Exod. xxx. 32.

To COMPOUND, to mix together, Exod. xxx. 25, 33.

TO COMPREHEND, (1.) To inclose, Isa. xl. 12. (2.) To sum up, COMPASS. (1.) An instrument Rom. xiii. 9. (3.) To perceive for drawing a circle, Isa. xliv. 13. clearly; understand fully, John i. 5. (2.) A boundary, Prov. viii. 27. To comprehend, with all saints, the (3.) A roundish course, 2 Sam. v. 3. unbounded love of Christ, is to have

COMPASSION, PITY, sympathy a elear, extensive, and heart-ravishand kindness to such as are in trou- ing knowledge of its nature and efble, 1 Kings viii. 50. God's being fects, Eph. iii. 18.

full of compassion, imports the infi- To CONCEAL, to hide, keep se nite greatness of his tender mercy cret, Gen. xxxvii. 26. Job concealed and love, and his readiness to com- not the word of God; he openly profort and relieve such as are afflicted, fessed his adherence to divine truth, Psal. lxxviii. 38. and lxxxvi. 15. and and by every proper method imexi. 4. and cxlv. 8. proved it for the instruction of others, To COMPEL, (1.) To force vio-Job vi. 10. A faithful spirit conceals VOL. I.

2 P

the matter, he hides his neighbour's CONCUBINE, a wife of the sesecrets and infirmities, Prov. xi. 13. cond rank. She differed from a proA prudent man concealeth knowledge, per wife, in that she was not marhe has more knowledge in his heart ried by solemn stipulation; she than he pretends to, Prov. xii. 23. brought no dowry with her; she It is the glory of God to conceal a had no share in the government of thing; by wisely hiding from men the family; nor did her children the knowledge of some things, and share of their father's inheritance, the reasons of his conduct, he dis- yet he might in his life-time make plays his own glory and greatness, presents to, and provide for them, Prov. xxv. 2. Gen. xxv. 6. Through a sinful misCONCEIT, fancy, proud thought, take of the nature of marriage, it Prov. xviii. 11. was common for the ancients to have Abraham had Hagar

TO CONCEIVE, (1.) To begin to concubines. be with young, Gen. xxx. 38. (2.) and Keturah, Jacob had Zilpah and To devise, purpose, form designs and Bilhah, Gen. xxv. 6. and xxx. A counsels in the mind, Acts v. 4. Isa. Levite's concubine occasioned terrixxxiii. 11. Job xv. 35. Lust con-ble disorders and ruin in Israel, Judg. ceives, when it produces the first xix. to xxi. One of Saul's occasionmotions or resolutions towards sin-ed the loss of the kingdom of the ful acts, James i. 15. To conceive eleven tribes in his family, 2 Sam. mischief, a mischievous purpose, or iii. David's ten concubines were words of falsehood, is to devise and publicly defiled by Absalom his son, fix on a method for executing mis- 2 Sam. xvi. 22. Solomon had 300 chief, or for uttering words of false- concubines, and Rehoboam his son hood, Job xv. 35. Isa. lix. 13.

To CONCERN, to touch, belong to, Ezek. xii. 10.

60. 1 Kings xi. 3. 2 Chron. xi. 22. CONCUPISCENCE, (1.) The corruption of our nature, from whence CONCISION, cutting, mangling, all our actual sins proceed, Rom. vii. Joel iii. 14. The unbelieving Jews 7. James i. 14. (2.) Actual moare called the concision, because, un- tions and inclinations of our heart der pretence of zealous adherence to towards sinful deeds, Rom. vii. 8. circumcision, they, after it was abo- (3.) Unchastity, especially of desire, lished by our Saviour's death, cut Col. iii. 5. 1 Thess. iv. 5. their bodies, rent the church, and cut off themselves from the blessings of the gospel, Phil. iii. 2.

CONDEMNATION, (1.) The judicial declaring of a person to be guilty, and sentencing him to punTo CONCLUDE, (1.) To end a ishment. In this sense, Christ did dispute, by a plain inference from not condemn the woman taken in what had been said, Rom. iii. 28. adultery, but spake to her as a gos(2.) To make a final resolution or de-pel minister and Saviour, calling her termination, Acts xxi. 25. (3.) Ir-to repentance, John viii. 10, 11. reversibly to declare, Gal. iii. 22. (2.) The cause and reason of such God concluded the Jews in unbelief; a sentence, John iii. 19. (3.) The he gave them up to their own unbe-punishment to which one is condemnlieving heart, and took away the ed, 1 Cor. xi. 32. Luke xxiii. 40. light and influence of the gospel (4.) Rash, uncharitable, and unjust from them, Rom. xi. 32. CONCLU- Censure of men's persons, purposes, SION is the end, the summary infer-words, or actions, Luke vi. 37. (5.) ence, final determination, and whole A witnessing against sin, by a consubstance, Eccl. xii. 13. trary practice: so the Ninevites, by CONCORD, agreement, 2 Cor. their ready hearkening to the warning of Jonah, condemned the Jews, CONCOURSE, running together, who refused to embrace ChristianActs xix. 40. lity, though often called to it by

vi. 15.

Christ and his apostles, and though it ther by pipes, stone-work, ditch, &c. was attested by miracles unnumbered, 2 Kings xviii. 17.

Matt. xii. 41. The condemnation of CONFECTION, a medicinal comthe devil, is a sin and punishment position of gums, powders, &c. Exlike to his, 1 Tim. iii. 6. The con-odus xxx. 35.

demnation which all wicked men are CONFECTIONARIES, makers of under, is the sentence of the divine sweetmeats, 1 Sam. viii. 13. law adjudging them to bear the CONFEDERACY, a covenantwrath of God, till all the infinite agreement between princes or nawrath contained in that sentence tions. Isaiah was forbidden to say, be fully executed, Rom. v. 16, 18. A confederacy; he was neither to and viii. 1. God condemned sin in approve nor trust in the alliance the flesh of his Son; by executing between Ahaz and the Assyrians, the punishment due to it upon him, nor to be afraid of that between in our nature, he clearly demon-the Israelites and Syrians, Isaiah strated how abominable it is, expi- viii. 12.

ated its guilt, and adjudged to utter CONFEDERATE, in league or ruin its power, pollution, and exist- covenant, Gen. xiv. 13.

ence, Rom. viii. 3.

To CONFER, to talk together,

The manner of condemning, or pass-advise with, 1 Kings i. 7. ing sentence upon persons, varied in To CONFESS, plainly to acknowdifferent countries: the Jews, by a ledge: so a criminal confesses his simple pronunciation of the sentence, crime before a judge, Josh. vii. 19. as, "Thou, N. art just," or "Thou, Jesus Christ will confess his people N. art guilty," either absolved or at the last day: will publicly own condemned. The Romans gave sen- them as his children, bride, and tence by casting in tables into a cer-faithful servants, Luke xii. 8. They tain box or urn prepared for the pur-confess him before men, when, notpose. If they absolved any, they withstanding danger and opposition, wrote the letter A in the table, they openly profess and adhere to it being the first letter of absolvo. If his truth, observe his ordinances, they condemned any, they wrote the and walk in his way, Matt. x. 32. letter C, the first of condemno.— To confess God, is to praise and Among the Greeks, condemnation thank him, Heb. xiii. 15. To con was signified by giving a black stone, fess sin, is candidly to acknowledge and absolution by giving a white our guilt before God, who can parone. To this last custom there seem-don or punish us; or to our neigheth to be an allusion, Rev. ii. 17. bour, whom we have offended, or To him that overcometh I will give who can give us proper instruction 'a white stone:' that is, I will de- and comfort, Psal. xxxii. 5. James v. clare him to be absolved and acquit-16. Matt. iii. 6. ted in the day of judgment. On the tenth day of the seventh To CONDESCEND, humbly to month, the Jewish high priest constoop, Rom. xii. 16. fessed the sins of the whole nation

CONDITION, (1.) A term of a over the head of the scape-goat, bargain to be performed, Luke xiv. which typically bore them into the 32. 1 Sam. xi. 2. Strictly taken, a wilderness, Lev. xvi. 21. During condition of a covenant, is that which, the ten preceding days, it is said, when performed, gives the perform- the Jews made particular confession er a right to claim the promised re- each of his own sins; if they were ward. (2.) A case, or circumstance, breaches of the first table, they conDan. xi. 17. fessed them only to God; if they

To CONDUCT, to guide in a pro- were breaches of the second, they per way, 2 Sam. xix. 15, 31. confessed them also to the party When a criminal was

CONDUIT, a water-course, whe-wronged.

come within ten cubits of the place mony of Christ is confirmed in his of execution, he was obliged to con- people, when the power and cerfess his crimes, and beg that his tainty of his truth are spiritually felt death might expiate them. At the in their heart, and manifested in beginning of the year, the modern their practice, 1 Cor. i. 6. He shall Jews confess their sins, standing in confirm the covenant with many for one a tub of water: some of them, when week; Jesus, by the ministry of John sick, confess them to a rabbin, who Baptist, by the testimony of angels, marks them down in an alphabetic of the saints then living, of the wise order. On their death-beds, they men, of Moses and Elias, by his confess them with a great deal of preaching, by signs and wonders, by vain ceremony, much in the manner his holy life, by his death and resurof the Papists. rection, confirmed the new covenant, CONFIDENCE, (1.) Assurance, and brought many cordially to emcertainty, 2 Cor. viii. 22. (2.) Bold- brace it, Dan. ix. 27.

ness, courage, Acts xxviii. 31. (3.) CONFISCATION, a punishment Trust, hope, Job iv. 6. (4.) The whereby a man's goods are taken thing in which one trusts, Jer. xlviii. from him, and appropriated to the 13. (5.) Succour, help, 2 Kings king's use, Ezra vii. 26.

xviii. 19. (6.) Safety, security, CONFLICT, (1.) Warlike strugEzek. xxviii. 26. (7.) Due resolu-gle or stroke, Psal. xxxix. 10. (2.) tion, 2 Cor. x. 2. (8.) A bold and Persecution, distress, Phil. i. 30. (3.) open confession of Christ and his Deep concern, care, and anxiety, to truth, Heb. x. 35. (9.) A well-promote another's good, Collossians grounded persuasion of God's ac-ii. 1. cepting our persons, and hearing our prayers, Eph. iii. 11. CONFIDENT, bold, assured, Psa. xxvii. 3.

CONFORMED, made like, Rom. xii. 2. The saints are conformed to Christ: they are made like him in their new-covenant relations to God, To CONFIRM, (1.) To strength- and in their privileges, graces, and en, establish, 1 Chron. xiv. 2. Acts holy conversation, Rom. viii. 29.— xiv. 22. (2.) To make sure, ratify, They are conformable to him in his Ruth iv. 7. (3.) To give further evi-death; they have their old man crudence of the certainty of a thing, 2 cified with him, and are exposed to Cor. ii. 8. 1 Kings i. 14. Phil. i. 7. sufferings for his sake, Phil. iii. 10. (4.) To refresh, encourage, Psal. They ought not to be conformed to Ixviii. 9. (5.) To fulfil, continue to this world; ought not to imitate, or perform, Dan. ix. 12. Deut. xxvii. join in, the vain and wicked customs 26. God confirmed the covenant to and practices of it, Rom. xii. 2. Abraham, when he added his oath to To CONFOUND, (1.) To disorder, it; and by fire and darkness, marked jumble together, Gen. xi. 7. (2.) the truth of it, Gal. iii. 17. Gen. xv. Mightily to baffle and confute, Acts and xvii. God confirms the promises, ix. 22. (3.) To be ashamed and in fulfilling the principal ones of the vexed for sin or disappointment, incarnation, death, and resurrection, Ezek. xvi. 63. Job vi. 20. (4.) To of his Son; and in showing to our be perplexed, astonished, and troufaith the absolute certainty of them bled in mind, Acts ii. 6. (5.) To all, Rom. xv. 8. He confirms the be fearfully destroyed, Jer. i. 17. saints, when he refreshes, strength- Zech. x. 5. He that believeth shall ens, and encourages them under not be confounded; he shall not be fainting and weakness, 1 Cor. i. 8. disappointed of his expected salvaH confirmed Israel to himself, when tion; shall not, with perplexity or he renewed his covenant with them, surprise, be exposed to any fearful and heaped distinguishing favours on destruction; nor shall he make haste : them, 2 Sam. vii. 24. The testi- shall not basely catch at unlawful

means of deliverance, but patiently ded from sacred privileges. The wait till God deliver him, 1 Pet. ii. great congregation, in which Jesus Christ declared his Father's faithful

6. Isa. xxviii. 16.

CONFUSION, irregular mixture, ness, and praised him, is the multitumultuous medley, perplexity, disor- tudes to which he preached on earth, der, shame, ruin, Isa. xxiv. 10. Psa. or his church in general, Psa. xl. 9, xxxv. 4. Unnatural intimacy with 10. and xxii. 22. To be in the conbeasts, or of a man with his daugh-gregation of the dead, is to be among ter-in-law, is confusion; is an horrid unregenerate or lost sinners, Prov. and shameful blending of natures or xxi. 16. Sometimes this word depersons, which ought to be kept dis-notes an assembly of rulers, convened tinct. But the word TEBEL might be for judgment, Numb. xxxv. 12. and translated 'a shoeking crime,' Lev. sometimes an assembly, as distinguishxviii. 23. and xx. 12. Idols, and the ed from their chief rulers, Josh. ix. Egyptians, were the confusion of the 18.

Jews; were the means or occasion To CONQUER, to OVERCOME, of bringing them to shame, disorder, SUBDUE. (1.) To prevail against, perplexity and ruin, Isa. xli. 29. take away the strength, and bring and xxx. 3. Confusion of face, de-down the power, of enemies, Dan. notes perplexity and shame, which vii. 14. Mal. iv. 3. (2.) To bring make one doubtful, or to blush to into obedience and subjection, Phil. look any where, Ezra ix. 7. iii. 21. 1 Cor. xv. 28. (3.) To cul

To CONGEAL, to freeze together. tivate, rule over, Gen. i. 28. Jesus The waters of the Red Sea stood up Christ overcame the world; by his as firmly on each hand of the Is-death, and by the exercise of his raelites, as if they had been frozen power, he prevailed against Satan, into walls of ice, Exod. xv. 8. the god of it, and took him captive:

To CONGRATULATE, to ex-in himself he prevailed over every press joy to or with one, for some hap- temptation, arising from its smiles of piness that has befallen him, 1 Chron. prosperity, or frowns of adversity: xviii. 10. by his powerful word and Spirit, he CONGREGATION, an assembly, reforms men from the lusts and wickchurch. The Israelites having en-ed customs of it: by his providence, camped together 40 years in the he cuts off the incorrigibly wicked; wilderness, and met thrice every curbs their outrage, and makes their year at their solemn feasts, are called wrath conduce to his praise, John xvi. the congregation, Lev. iv. 15. and 33. Rev. xvii. 14. He subdues iniquithe congregation of the Lord: as they ty, when, by applying his word, and were peculiarly related to, dependent conveying his grace, he takes away on, and subject to Christ, Numb. the guilt and power of it, Mic. vii. xxxi. 16. To be cut off from the 19. The saints overcome through his congregation, was to be removed from blood, and the word of their testimony: among the Hebrews by death, or to by the working of his Spirit through be excommunicated from their sa- the word of his truth, professed by ered privileges, Numb. xix. 20. them, they prevail over their own The congregation, from which the lusts, over the temptations of Satan, Egyptians and Edomites were ex- and the allurements and frowns of an cluded, till the third generation, and evil world, Rev. xii. 11. and iii. 5, the Ammonites, Moabites, and bas-12, 21. 1 John ii. 13, 14. and v. 4, 5. tards for ever, probably was no more They overcome evil with good, when, than the assemblies of Jewish rulers; by rendering good for evil, they for we cannot really suppose that make those who have injured them bastards, however pious, and Am- to be ashamed and grieved for so domonites and Moabites, though real ing, Rom, xii. 21. In all their triproselytes, were perpetually exclu-bulations, the saints are more than