Medieval Maps (2nd S. iv. 484. 478.)-It may save somebody some trouble to observe that the Mappa Mundi folio in the British Museum is a reprint or copy of the fac-similes of the Catalan Atlas given by MM. Buchon and Taster in tom. xiv. of the Notices et Extraits des Manuscrits de

la Bibliothèque du Roi. I take the opportunity of thanking you and the other gentlemen who have replied to my Query. M. A.

Locusts in England (2nd S. iv. 267.)- Living specimens of the Gryllus migratorius have not been unfrequently found singly in gardens near the sea coast. One I found at Yarmouth, in 1841, I vainly attempted to kill and preserve for some days. The G. gryllotalpa is, I believe, not found in Norfolk. E. S. TAYLOR.

Ormesby St. Margaret.

Ambiguous proper Names in Prophecies: Death of Henry IV. (2nd S. iv. 202.) The story respecting the death of Henry IV. in the Jerusalem Chamber can be traced much farther back than to Fabian's Concordance of Histories, since it is found in the Brute, both in the early MSS. of that Chro nicle, as well as in the printed editions. By Thos. Elmham (prior of Lenton and chronicler of Henry V.), the scene of the king's death is, however, assigned to a chamber which he calls the "Bethlehem" chamber. Can this name be found elsewhere? The following verses, found in a MS. of his metrical Life of Henry V. (Bodl. MS., Rawl., B. 214.), contain his allusion to the subject:

"Annis millenis quadringentis duodenis

Rex meat Henricus ad loca digna sibi.
Cuthberti luce vitæ spiramen ab ymys

Suscipit Altitonans Rex miserando piis. Ficta prophetia sonuit, quam vivus habebat, Quod sibi sancta fuit terra lucranda cruce: Inprovisa sibi sacra terra datur necis hospes, In Bethlem camera Westquemonasterio." W. D. MACRAY. Bell Inscriptions from the Tower of Plumstead Magna Church, Norfolk (2nd S. iv. 430.)-I think I can suggest an emendation in the inscription, which will improve both its sense and prosody. Should it not be

"Sanctorum meritis pangamus cantica laudis "? The vesper hymn from the Common of many Martyrs, in the Roman Breviary, is most probably the origin whence the above line is derived. It begins

"Sanctorum meritis inclyta gaudia,
Pangamus socii, gestaque fortia."

J. V.

Was Washington a Marshal of France? (2nd S. iv. 385. 441.) Mr. Walsh, a well known American writer, formerly Consul of the United States in Paris, in which city he is still residing, has recently asked information on this subject from M.

Vaillant, Minister at War, and received from him the following reply:

"No trace of a degree conferring on Gen. Washington the dignity of a Marshal of France can be found in the archives of this ministry."

But then P. S., a correspondent of the Washington Intelligencer, aptly remarks, "How does it happen that the portrait of Washington, painted by C. W. Peale for Louis XVI., and sent to and brought back to this country by Count de Menow, France, where it was placed in the palace of the Tuileries,

and which is now in the National Gallery of the Patent
Office, represents him with a badge of a Marshal of
France? It may be that the broad riband of this picture
indicates no such rank; and if not, what does it mean?"
It may be remarked "that the venerable C. W.
Peale is the only gentleman now living to whom
Washington sat for his portrait."
W. W.
Malta.

Early Tragedies and Almanacks (2nd S. iv. 106.) -Your correspondent W. W. is in error. He says that the first English Almanack made its appearance in 1673, from the Oxford Press. I have now an Almanack from another source, and of an earlier date. It runs thus:

1668, being the Bissextile or Leap Year, and from the "Swallow, an Almanack for the year of our Lord God

world's Creation 5672; calculated for the Meridian of the University and Town of Cambridge, when the Pole is elevated 52 deg. 17 min. above the horizon. Cambridge: John Field, Printer to the University, 1668."

The above is a correct copy of the title-page. The book contains forty pages, and the size 18mo. Can any of your readers inform me whether this is the first Almanack from the Cambridge Press, and how long did it continue ?

There was a Gabriel Harvey, a student at Christ College, Cambridge, born 1545, and died 1630, who was Proctor to the University. I find to a short description of his life the following note :

"Towards the latter part of his life he began to study Astrology, and finally turned Almanack Maker; he was an Intimate friend to Spencer the Poet and Sir Phillip Sidney."

He (W. W.) also states that the first tragedy in the English language is entitled Gortuduc, and published 1561. I find that the tragedy of Gorboduc, by the celebrated Thomas Sackville, Lord Buckhurst, and after Earl Dorset, was performed before Queen Elizabeth in 1561. Is this the same tragedy as your correspondent means?

G. ROAN WOODGATE.

In

Gothic architecture, the greater portion of which was built in 1466 by James III. The belfry is open at all sides, and contains a very musical peal of bells, which are partially visible from the exterior. The spire, which is 161 feet in height and surmounted by an imperial crown, springs in four light and beautiful arches from each corner of the belfry, and is undoubtedly of coeval construction with the other parts of the tower. fact I was informed, while inspecting the church, that the "principal entrance," the belfry, tower, and spire, together with a small chapel, were all built at the same period. I would, however, refer R. L. to Murray's Guide through Scotland, from which he will doubtless obtain many particulars, and which perhaps contains an illustration of the church itself. I am not aware of any churches, besides those mentioned by R. L., existing in England, with this characteristic peculiarity.

F. LAMB.

Silver Tankard (2nd S. iv. 207.); Goldsmiths' Marks (2nd S. iv. 209.)- From Lucy's description it is not easy to say whether her Roman P means 1592 or 1730; but a glance at Mr. Morgan's Table of Assay Office Letters would soon enable her to judge for herself. And it may be acceptable

to PISHEY THOMPSON and others also to know that

the useful little manual is now published by itself as a pamphlet, at Bell's, 186. Fleet Street. P. P.

The Proposal (2nd S. iv. 473.) - The three young ladies whose portraits are painted in this charming picture are the daughters of the late William Pearce, Esq., of Whitehall Place. One

of them married the Rev. Walter Blunt of Wallop, Hants; another Sir Henry Dymoke, Bart., the Champion; and the third Algernon Massingberd, Esq., of Gumby, Lincolnshire.

As these ladies are, I believe, all living, I abstain from narrating the incident which was the subject of the picture. G. A. C.

Miscellaneous.

NOTES ON BOOKS AND BOOK SALES.

If there be one subject of which more than another it may be truly said a little knowledge is a dangerous thing, that subject is Law. Yet that is just the subject on which everybody requires a little knowledge; but that little should be accurate. To furnish this universal desideratum we have now the most profound lawyer of the present day,- -one who, to use his own words, has in his youth and in his manhood written much for the learned in the law, now writing for the unlearned, and giving us a series of familiar letters on the Law of Property, its acquisition, transfer, &c., in which it is hard to decide whether they are most excellent for the deep knowledge of the subject displayed in them, or the plain and lucid manner in which that knowledge is conveyed. We are sure that every man who has any property, however small, will do well and wisely to make himself master of the Handy Book on Property Law by Lord Saint Leonards,

which is the excellent legal multum in parvo which has called forth these remarks.

At this pleasant season of song and carol, a new part of

Mr. Chappell's excellent Popular Music of the Olden Time

will be welcomed in many a social circle. This eleventh part, which is devoted to the Songs, Ballads, and Dance Tunes of the reign of the Merry Monarch, is full of old and well-known favourites, from "Here's a health unto His Majesty," ," "Grim King of the Ghosts," "To all you Ladies now on Land," down to the "Leather Bottel," and all with their musical and literary history told with Mr. Chappell's accustomed industry.

Pressed as we are for room just now, we must dismiss in a few words the Second and Third Parts of the Second Division of Mr. Darling's most useful Cyclopædia Bibliographica, which we are glad to find proceeding so steadily towards completion, and the Eighth and Ninth Parts of The Life of Sir John Falstaff, told by Mr. Brough and illustrated by George Cruikshank. In these two parts Cruikshank is as great as ever; the scene at Herne's oak is as full of imagination and fun as anything that ever came from his burin.

The following rare and curious Books were sold by MESSRS. SOTHEBY & WILKINSON on Dec. 15, and five following days:

Lot 3. Braithwait (R.) A Solemne Joviall Disputation, and briefly shadowing "The Law of Drinking." Frontispiece and Plate by Marshall. Very rare, fine copy, green At the signe of Red-eyes. 1617. 67. 8s. 6d.

mor.

Black letter, first edition, very rare, fine copy in blue

31. Proctor (J.) The Historie of Wyatt's Rebellion.

mor. Part of the first leaf of the text in MS. Robert

Caly, 1554. 41.

Hearne, the Antiquary's copy, with his autograph signature and note on the book, stating "It was always reckoned a book of great authority by such as are impartial and well versed in our English history." 69. Liber Regalis, (Sive Ordo et Officia Coronationis Regum et Reginarum Angliæ, et de Exequiis Regalibus.) Very fine Manuscript upon vellum, written in the early part of the 15th century, and rubricated. 471. 5s.

This is one of the most curious, authentic, and important Manuscripts, relating to the Coronation of the Kings and Queens of England, which exists. It is quite surprising that it should be found in a private collection.

71. Middleton (Thos.) The Triumph of Faith, a solemnity unparallelled for the cost, art and magnificence,

in the Office of Sir Thos. Middleton as Lord Maior of the Citty of London, interspersed with poetry. N. Okes, 1613. 67.

116. Cicero, Tullius de Senectute. Colophon: Thus endeth the boke of Tulle of olde age, translated out of Latyn into frenshe by Laurence, de primo facto at the comaundement of the noble prince Lowys Duke of Burbon, and emprynted by me symple persone William Caxton, the xii day of august, the yere of our Lord MCCCCLXXXI. Cicero de Amicitia (translated by the noble Erle Therle of Wurcester). Exceedingly rare, a remarkably fine copy, unwashed, old russia, from the Merly Library, at the sale of which it sold for 2107. 2751.

117. Dives et Pauper. A Compendyouse Treatyse Dyalogue of Dives and Pauper, &c. Title inlaid. Fine copy in russia, from the library of Sir M. M. Sykes. Wynkyn de Worde. MCCCCLXXXVI. 361.

In this edition following the large device of Caxton at the end, is a leaf having on the recto a woodcut of the Holy Family, and on its reverse repetitions of the same cut, "Dives and Pauper," as used on the first leaf. It is erroneously stated in Lowndes that the edition printed in 1493 by Pynson should have a

leaf at the end containing the "Device of the Printer." Such is not the case in the copy in the British Museum, or in that sold here during the month of August last.

•

127. Missale Ordinis Bti. Benedicti. Printed upon vellum, a remarkably fine copy in the original binding, brass bound and with clasps. Bambergæ, per Joan. Sensenschmidt, MCCCCLXXXI. 731. A glorious specimen of early Typography. The service for the Mass is in noble type, larger than the Psalter of 1457. It is preceded by an admirably executed painting of the Crucifixion.

280. Johnson (S.) The Original Agreement between Dr. Samuel Johnson and Ed. Cave, bookseller, for the publication of the first small edition (12mo.) of "The Rambler," specially providing that the names of John Payne and Joseph Bougnet, "are inserted as the persons for whom such edition is printed." 1751. 102.

This most interesting document is signed by Johnson, and witnessed by David Henry and J. Hawkesworth. 281. Johnson (S.) The Receipt of Samuel Johnson to Mr. Cave for the sum of Fifty Pounds for compiling and writing the Life of Rd. Savage, Dec. 14, 1743: also a note from Mr. Cadell, dated Bristol, March 17, 1749, to Mr. Cave, stating that he had purchased a play from Savage for 51. 5s. 51.

In the receipt by Dr. Johnson, the date and amount are in his autograph, as well as, of course, his signature. 540. Bible (The) and Holy Scriptures conteyned in the Olde and Newe Testament, translated according to the Ebrue and Greke, and conferred with the best translations in divers languages, &c. Maps, old russia. Geneva, printed by Rowland Hill, 1560. 16/. 10s.

First and very rare edition of the Genevan version of the Scriptures, a perfect copy, with the exception of a few letters on the leaf, "To our beloved in the Lord," which leaf is mended in the margins, as is also the title. This volume was once the property of the celebrated Dr. Wm. Dodd, who exchanged it for other books with the late Wm. Otridge, of the Strand, who presented it, in Nov. 1802, to the Rev. Weeden Butler, of Chelsea, whose autograph letter, then accompanying the gift, is attached to the book. 1138. France. Documents Inédits sur l'Histoire de France, publiés par Ordre du Roi (Louis Philippe) et par les Soins du Ministre Publique (M. Guizot). 79 vols. half bound in dark maroon morocco, contents of each volume lettered on the backs, and 4 vols. unbound; together 83 vols. 4to.; accompanied with a large Atlas folio of the plans of the Battles for the Succession to the Spanish Throne. 60%.

1520. Shakespeare (Mr. William) Comedies, Histories, and Tragedies, published according to the true originall copies, the second impression with portrait by Droeshout on the title, and the Verses "to the Reader" by Ben Jonson opposite (which slightly varies from the copy given by Lowndes). Good copy, with a few corrections of the text, and interlineations in an old band. Thomas Cotes for Robert Allot, 1632. 127. 15s.

From a note on the fly-leaf we find that this volume was purchased in Little Britain on the 14th of Feb. 1649, the seller at that time warranting it to be perfect, and of the best edition.

BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES

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Particulars of Price, &c., of the following Book to be sent direct to the gentleman by whom it is required, and whose name and address are given for that purpose:

JOHN BROWNE'S ADENOCHOIRADELOGIA, or Treatise of Glandules and Strumaes, or King's Evil Swellings, with the Royal Gift of Healing. London. 1684.

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Notices to Correspandents.

EIRIONNACH, We are greatly obliged by our correspondent's letter. Although we do not agree with his views, we are quite sensible of the good fecling which induced him to prite.

A CONSTANT READER. Napoleon Bonaparte died at "LONGWOOD," May 5, 1821.

H. J. (Sheffield) Henschel's DuCANGE is the best. It is in seven vols. 4to., the price, 121. 128., and it may be procured of any of the foreign booksellers. Thanks for your kind message.

T. O. There is much force in your suggestion. We will try to bring it into operation.

THE INDEX TO OUR LAST VOLUME (Vol. IV. 2nd Series) will be issued on Saturday next.

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During this period many interesting photostereographs were taken by Professor Smyth, at different points of the ascent, and they have been printed with great success, under the superintendence of James Glaisher, Esq., F.R,S,, for the illustration of the book. Correctness is thus ensured; and if the reader wishes to enjoy the effects either of solidity or

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3. Peak of Teneriffe from Orotava, on the Northern Coast.

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6. Cliff and Floor of the Great Crater-8 Miles in Diameter, and 7000 Feet above the Sea under Mount Guajara.

7. Second Mate of Yacht observing Radiation Thermometers on Mount Guajara.

8. Trachyte Blocks on Guajara.

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Notes,

ENGLAND AND FRANCE IN 1656: THE PURITY OF THE THAMES.

The following notice of a chapter in the Works of Sir William Davenant will perhaps interest your readers. Davenant is now probably less known as a wit than as the cause of the wit of others; less by the herole poem Gondibert than for the loss of his nose. However deserving of repute, his name owes much to the myth associated with his birth, to the satire of Sir John Suckling, and the quips of the "ingenious Mr. Joseph Miller." The paper to which I would direct attention is headed: "The First Dayes Entertainment at Rutland House by Declamations and Musick, after the Manner of the Ancients." The cause of its composition was as follows. During the dynasty of the Puritan commonwealth, the playhouse had been rigidly suppressed, and for that very reason was cherished by the Cavaliers. Davenant, who distinguished himself on the king's side, had been twice an exile in France, living in Paris at the Louvre with his friend Lord Jarmin, and where he wrote the first two books of Gondibert. About 1650, he was captured in a French vessel, and subsequently confined in the Tower of London. His life, tradition says, was saved by the mediation of Milton who, similar tradition reports a few years later, was indebted for his life also to the influence of Davenant. Be that as it may, Davenant, on his liberation, sought occupation, and through it the means to live. Having obtained permission, he opened a sort of theatre at Rutland House, in Charter-house Yard; and the paper now noticed was apparently the first representation. It has its interest, as noticing the comparative aspect of London and Paris, the manners and customs of the people, and of those "che vanno per via" in their various street occupations. Davenant sought by it the reestablishment of the theatre. The piece consists of a prologue, succeeded by music; after which the curtains are opened, and on two gilded rostras appear, sitting, Diogenes and Ari, stophanes, designed perhaps to represent the ideas of the Puritan and the Cavalier as regards the stage. Their declamation ended, the rostras are occupied by a Parisian and a Londoner, who declaim concerning the preeminence of London and Paris. Let your readers contrast the cities as they now are, and as then described: especially is it worthy of attention that the Londoner claims the preeminence due to his city because of the purity of the Thames! "Illi robur et æs triplex,” -much moral courage and threefold brass to him who could venture to assert that now!

The Parisian taunts the Londoner in this wise.

Sure your ancestors contrived your narrow streets in the days of wheel-barrows, and asks: "Is your climate so hot that as you walk you need umbrellas of tiles to intercept the sun?" Then he remarks on the multiform aspect of Old Fish Street, the variety of deformity in the construction of the streets; next, the noise of the watermen, their incivility, their peascod boats, the aspect of the river side: here dwells a lordthere a dyer, and between both Duomo Comune. He reverts again to the streets, notices the lowness of the roofs of the houses, the smell of tobacco in the rooms, and of lavender in the linen, to which he considers the sea-coal smoke a very Portugal perfume. He is severe on the domestic economy. The bread is too heavy; beds too much resemble coffins; kitchens indeed well lined with beef, but swarming with pampered servants. The drink too thick, and yet you are seldom over curious in washing your glasses. The coaches in the streets so narrow they resemble sedan-chairs on wheels; nor is it, he adds, safe for a noble to use them until the quarrel be decided whether six of your nobles sitting together shall stop and give place to as many barrels of beer.

To all this the Londoner replies, as regards Paris: "Your Louvre has a singular way of being wonderful the fame of the palace consisting more in the vast design of what it was meant to be, than in the largeness of what it is; the structure being remarkable for what is old, but more even for the antiquity of what is new, having been begun some ages past, so as to be finished many ages hence (1656-1856); which I take it may be a sign of the glory, but not of the wealth of your rulers." He now dilates on the river notices the broken arch of Pont Rouge, and the boats on the Seine, much after the fashion of common wherries; the Bastelier, not so turbulently active as our watermen, but who gives us such a tedious waft across, as we were all the while poaching for eels. We neither descend by stairs when we come in, nor ascend when we go out, but crawl through the mud like cray-fish, or anglers in a new plantation, Contrast this with the Louvre, the bridges, and the quais of Paris at the present day.

The internal police of Paris appears also to disadvantage, for the Londoner remarks: "You are disordered with the rudeness of our streets, but have more reason to be terrified with the frequent insurrections in your own-whole armies of lackeys invade the peace of public justice; whilst, on Pont Neuf robbing is as constant and as hereditary a trade as amongst the Arabs."

The following song concludes the entertainment;

"London is smothered with sulphurous fires!
Still she wears a black Hood and cloak

Of sea-coal smoke,

As if she mourned for Brewers and Dyers.