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was the strict command of GOD,' that the lamb should be slain by the priests in the temple on the evening of the 14th, and eaten in that same night, so that it was not lawful to sacrifice out of the time ordained, and no priest could have been found to break the law, nor would CHRIST have sanctioned such a violation. This is the view taken by the author of "The Messiah," who says well, "if there was no ordinary Paschal Lamb at the Last Supper of our LORD, there was far better-a spiritual Lamb-'the Lamb that taketh away the sin of the world,' already prepared to be slain to-morrow on the Cross, as the anti-type of the Paschal Lamb -a Sacramental Lamb in the Person of the spotless JESUS-or, as S. Paul says, "CHRIST our Passover.' And of that Lamb the Apostles did mystically and sacramentally eat at this Last Supper, when He gave them Bread and Wine, and declared, 'This is My BODY,' 'This is My BLOOD,'" p. 609, 610. On the other hand, the distinct expression of the three first Evangelists, dayev, éroμáLEL TO Tάoxa, and the peculiar nature of the message to the householder, seem to warrant the inference that our LORD partook of the customary Paschal Supper, but twenty-four hours earlier than the time when it was celebrated by the chief priests and the rest of the nation.2 In this case either the Lamb must not have been killed in the temple, or the time specified for the sacrifice had come to be regarded as extending from the eve of Nisan 14 to the eve of the 15th. Other theories have obtained at different epochs. Thus some have thought that He suffered on the 15th, and partook of the Supper on the appointed day, which the chief priests neglected to do in their anxiety to secure the success of their plot against the Life of CHRIST. Others assert that in this particular year there really was a doubt as to the exact day for celebrating the Passover, some contending for the 14th, some for the 15th day. But we firmly believe that all solutions which involve the postponing of the death of CHRIST till the 15th of Nisan are erroneous, and that the truth which may be maintained by most certain arguments will be found to lie between the two views put forth by the authors whom we have been noticing.

In conclusion, we may briefly mention the decision respecting the events of the Holy Week, at which these two industrious and learned writers have independently arrived. On Friday, the 7th of Nisan, our Blessed LORD reached the retired mountainhamlet of Bethany, resting the whole of the Sabbath3 in the house

1 Exod. xii. 8, 16, 18; Lev. xxiii. 5; Num. ix. 2, 3.

2 Ellicott, p. 322, who, however, adds inconsistently in a note, that the expres sions mentioned above "all sound principles of interpretation wholly preclude our referring, either here or S. John xvii. 28, to the Paschal Supper;" unless he has expressed himself very unintelligibly.

3 The expression in S. John xix. 31, "That Sabbath day was an high day," seems to imply the coincidence of the important Nisan 15th with the weekly Sabbath, and the Sabbath in the text is thus more certainly proved to have occurred on the 8th.

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of Lazarus and his sisters, where, or at the house of Simon the Leper, was made the feast at which the loving Magdalene, for the second time, anointed the feet of her SAVIOUR. On the first day of Holy Week, the 9th of the month Nisan, occurred the triumphal entry into Jerusalem, through the tents and booths of the multitude, arriving to take part in the festival, who could find no abode within the city walls. JESUS then proceeds to the Temple, always open to all worshippers, and after looking sorrowfully around, and marking the desecration of the sacred building, He returned to Bethany. On Monday, the 10th of the month, He returns early to Jerusalem, cursing the barren fig-tree on His way, purges the Temple of the buyers and sellers, performs many works of mercy there, accepts the children's cry of "Hosanna," and in the evening again returns to Bethany. On Tuesday in Holy Week, Nisan 11th, He passes the fig-tree, and discourses on faithful prayer, enters the Temple, answers the deputation from the Sanhedrim, who demanded the authority of His actions the preceding day, speaks to them the parable of the two sons sent into the vineyard, and the marriage of the king's son, and answers the question about the duty of paying tribute to Cæsar. To this day also belong the events and discourses comprised in S. Matt. xxi. 20; xxv. 46; S. Mark xi. 20; xiii. 37; S. Luke xx.; xxi. 38; and S. John xii. 20-36, 37-50. The day following, Wednesday, the 12th of Nisan, was spent in holy retirement, being marked only by the deliberate counsel of the Sanhedrim, how they might best carry out their design of putting CHRIST to death, and their compact with Judas, whose purpose had become more fixed after the supper at Bethany, and who seems to have made use of his Master's retirement to effect his bargain with the chief priests. We are not told where our LORD passed the evening of this day. The events of Maundy Thursday, the 13th of Nisan, need no recapitulation. It is satisfactory to find the Catholic tradition about the sayings and doings of our Blessed SAVIOUR in Holy Week thus confirmed in all essential points by two independent scholars, supporting their conclusions by totally different testimony. If our space permitted, we might show similar results in the determination of many disputed questions respecting the position of the places rendered famous by the history of the life of the Incarnate Son of GOD.

REVIEWS AND NOTICES.

The good Properties of the Revised Code considered in a Letter to his Grace the Archbishop of York. By the Rev. E. J. RANDOLPH, Rector of Dunnington, and Canon of York. Rivingtons.

THIS is a thoroughly sensible and impartial review of the new Code by one who is a good Churchman, and has been for many years Secretary of a Diocesan Board of Education. Mr. Randolph begins by showing that less than half the children now under education by the Church receive benefit from the Parliamentary Grant; and that of these only one-fourth are reported by the inspectors as successfully educated. Further, out of this fourth, he very truly states, that a large proportion are not children of the poor at all, but belong to the lower middle class, who are quite able to pay for education. He considers that the making results the measure of the aid to be granted is a true principle; and he considers that the grant should be spread over a much wider surface than it now is. With this view Mr. Randolph would not even require that the master or mistress of an aided school should hold a certificate. Mr. Randolph advocates very strongly the lowering of the costliness of Training Schools. These recommendations, it should be added, are founded on careful calculation, and are stated with great moderation and good temper. We are surprised that the author has not referred to the very unnecessary outlay that is now incurred for the payment of pupilteachers. We know schools which are entirely supplied by the children of the middle class, who require nothing but a little extra teaching in return for their services. We trust that this pamphlet will be extensively read.

Sylvester Enderby, the Poet. By LOUIS SAND. Masters.

THERE is in this little work a far deeper power of thought, a truer appreciation of the elements of intellectual life in our age, than are to be met with in nine-tenths of the Church Tales that come under our notice. Generally the fault of these works is their excessive sameness, and their want of vigour and originality,-weak reproductions of Miss Yonge and Miss Sewell's style. We have over and over again the family of young ladies, with their little sins and little virtues, and large sentimentalities, till we grow inexpressibly weary of the early deaths and happy marriages with which they conclude alternately. But in "Sylvester Enderby we have a new and more healthy type-the history of a mind of a high order encountering the shock of the intellectual temptations peculiar to our day; falling, as too many fall, and rising again by the holy simple means which are within the reach of all. This is a work which will really be of use, for it deals with evils more substantial than the griefs of a love-sick maiden; and we recognise in the author the existence of qualities which will, in their riper fulfilment, render him a powerful and valuable writer, and we are truly glad to be able to number him among the champions of the Church.

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A Sermon, preached by the Rev. HARRY JONES, Incumbent of S. Luke's, Berwick Street, on the occasion of the church being made free,

(Skeffington,) is deserving of notice for its own merits, as well as because it indicates the progress of a movement which has been going on in London for the last two years, and gives promise of making the Church at length felt in the metropolis. Anything more unworthy of a Christian country than was the ecclesiastical condition of London, in its whole breadth, from Charing Cross at one extremity to Whitechapel at the other, it would be difficult to imagine. We can now, however, name about a dozen localities where at least the thin end of the wedge is being driven in; and we are glad to welcome the Incumbent of S. Luke's amongst those, who have come to see at length that cushioned and padlocked pews, and lofty barricades, under the name of reading desks, are not the way to teach the fellowship of Church worship. The Sermon is written with a good deal of freshness and vigour, and it is worthy of a wide and general circulation.

In connection with this subject, we may take the opportunity of supplying an omission, by calling attention to the reprint of our Article, What have Thirty Years of Church Revival done? Our opinion may be considered not altogether impartial, but we believe it to be the best sketch of this stirring period in existence.

Lectures on the Church of God, by the Rev. W. BROWNLOW, (Masters,) are deserving of great commendation. They draw out very successfully the teaching of the Acts of the Apostles, and carry the history of the Church down to the year 168. They are written in an earnest and interesting style.

We hope to notice Mr. CARTER's Sermons, as well as a volume by Mr. SADLER, at length in our next Number.

The Church Building Society have published the first Number of their new periodical, The Church Builder. We trust that in future numbers they will give us some better interiors than Mr. Ferrey's Restoration of Keynsham. If the engraving is to be depended on, the arrangements of the old chancel were better than those of the new.

Gabrielle, (Whereat,) is a well meant though very heavy production. The heroine is about the most intolerable woman we ever met with, and certainly not a natural character; but the tone of the work is good, and the religious discussions may be useful.

We are indebted to Mr. SHIPLEY for a translation of Avrillon's Meditations for the Holy Eucharist, which cannot but be a boon to all devout minds. The work, which is abridged from Avrillon, is beautifully got up, with a striking head of our LORD as frontispiece.

The Rev. H. DOWNING, whose Short Notes on the Acts of the Apostles have reached a second edition, has now put forth a companion volume on S. John's Gospel. The Notes are orthodox in character, and generally to the point, but we miss anything like a general apprehension of the scope of our LORD's Teaching, and of S. John's Gospel in particular. Thus, to give two examples, there is no attempt to indicate the spiritual character of S. John's narrative; nor is the placing of the conversation with Nicodemus, as the foundation of Christian doctrine, at all noticed.

The Rev. G. HUNTINGTON'S Second Series of Sermons for the Holy Seasons of the Church, (J. H. Parker,) are not inferior to the first. They are sound, well written, and manly in sentiment.

BISHOP COLENSO'S COMMENTARY ON THE
EPISTLE TO THE ROMANS.

S. Paul's Epistle to the Romans: newly translated from a missionary point of view. By the Right Rev. J. W. COLENSO, D.D., Bishop of Natal. Cambridge: Macmillan and Co.

THIS book has caused us no little surprise and regret. We would fain speak of its Right Reverend author with the respectful regard which his high office, his devoted missionary labours, his great and varied endowments, his large-hearted Christian sympathies would appear to warrant. But when a Bishop, in defiance of the solemn obligations under which he is laid, to guard with jealousy, and transmit in all its integrity the sacred Deposit of the Faith entrusted to him, and to drive away all erroneous and strange doctrines, contrary to God's Word and the dogmatic teaching of that Church whose commission he bears-sets himself forward as a champion of heresy, as a propagator of novel opinions in palpable variance with the Faith of entire Christendom ;-then, the very antecedents which should have won for him and his words respect, become the most powerful reasons why his unsound and dangerous sentiments should be exposed and condemned.

Error is not the less error, or to be less earnestly rejected, because gently insinuated into the Church by one in the garb of an "Angel of light." The great heresiarchs of ancient as well as of modern times have been not unfrequently men of high intellect, of winning address, and exemplary life. The instruments of the Enemy of souls are ever selected with consummate skill.

Now, we are far from unconscious of the excellencies of much of the volume before us. We have read portions of it with unqualified satisfaction. We have found ourselves interested, instructed, encouraged. And yet it is not the less our deliberate conviction that the work, as a whole, is so incurably infected with error as to call for the most decided and earnest reprobation.

The Bishop is ever and anon employing language of the most unexceptionable orthodoxy, and yet the while, attaching to it a meaning so absolutely heretical, that there is often the greatest difficulty in disentangling the truth from the error of his statements, and discovering how far he is teaching in conformity, and how far in direct antagonism with the analogy of the Faith. He tells us in his Preface that he has devoted " many years of close study" to the Epistle which he now undertakes to expound. We find from an incidental notice in a letter of one of his fellowvoyagers in the Jane Morice from Birkenhead to Port Natal, that VOL. XXIV.-MARCH, 1862.

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