3. Uti tasa roba stua

Sitti eve tulatí dua. 4. Roba stinori ssidua Qu mi sini vetti dua. 5. Qurmini dua civileni

Roba ti siarmi tildi eni.

6. Utara pisa vaisisso me simi rin ti hapti Eti mi bire a piste si gui dendroi tiltati. 7. Udi vura udorini udiri cicova cilti mora

Udorini talti hollna u ede caimoni mora.

3. I have said I wish no dowry, but thine eyes and eyelashes.

4. The accursed dowry I want not, but thee only

5. Give me thy charms, and let the portion feed the flames.

6. I have loved thee, maid, with a sincere soul, but thou
hast left me like a withered tree.

7. If I have placed my hand on thy bosom, what have I
gained? my hand is withdrawn, but retains the flame.

I believe the two last stanzas, as they are in a different measure, ought to belong to another ballad. An idea something similar to the thought in the last lines was expressed by Socrates, whose arm having come in contact with one of his VоKоATIOL,' Critobulus or Cleobulus, the philosopher complained of a shooting pain as far as his shoulder for some days after, and therefore very properly resolved to teach his disciples in future without touching them.

CANTO II., STANZA LXXIII., p. 172.

I.

'Fair Greece! sad relic of departed worth! Before I say anything about a city of which everybody, traveller or not, has thought it necessary to say something, I will request Miss Owenson, when she next borrows an Athenian heroine for her four volumes, to have the goodness to marry her to somebody more of a gentleman than a 'Disdar Aga (who by the by is not an Aga), the most impolite of petty officers, the greatest patron of larceny Athens ever saw (except Lord E.), and the unworthy occupant of the Acropolis, on a handsome annual stipend of 150 piastres (eight pounds sterling), out of which he has only to pay his garrison, the most ill-regulated corps in the ill-regulated Ottoman Empire. I speak it tenderly, seeing I was once the cause of the husband of Ida of Athens' nearly suffering the bastinado; and because the said Disdar' is a turbulent husband, and beats his wife; so that I exhort and beseech Miss Owenson to sue for a separate maintenance in behalf of 'Ida. Having promised this much, on a matter of such import to the readers of romances, I may now leave Ida, to mention her birthplace.

Setting aside the magic of the name, and all those associa tions which it would be pedantic and superfluous to recapitu late, the very situation of Athens would render it the favourite The climate, to me at of all who have eyes for art or nature. least, appeared a perpetual spring; during eight months I never passed a day without being as many hours on horseback: rain is extremely rare, snow never lies in the plains, and a cloudy day is an agreeable rarity. In Spain, Portugal, and every part of the East which I visited, except Ionia and Attica, I perceived no such superiority of climate to our own; and at Constantinople, where I passed May, June, and part of July (1810), you might damn the climate, and complain of spleen,' five days out of seven.

The air of the Morea is heavy and unwholesome, but the moment you pass the isthmus in the direction of Megara the change is strikingly perceptible. But I fear Hesiod will still be found correct in his description of a Boeotian winter.

We found at Livadia an 'esprit fort in a Greek bishop, of all free-thinkers! This worthy hypocrite rallied his own religion with great intrepidity (but not before his flock), and talked of a mass as a coglioneria.' It was impossible to think better of him for this; but, for a Berotian, he was brisk with all his absurdity. This phenomenon (with the exception indeed of Thebes, the remains of Charonea, the plain of Platea, Orchomenus, Livadia, and its nominal cave of Trophonius) was the only remarkable thing we saw before we passed Mount Citharon.

The fountain of Dirce turns a mill: at least my companion (who, resolving to be at once cleanly and classical, bathed in it) pronounced it to be the fountain of Dirce, and anybody At Castri we who thinks it worth while may contradict him. drank of half a dozen streamilets, some not of the purest, before we decided to our satisfaction which was the true Castalian, and even that had a villanous twang, probably from the snow, though it did not throw us into an epic fever, like poor Dr Chandler.

From Fort Phyle, of which large remains still exist, the Plain of Athens, Pentelicus, Hymettus, the Ægean, and the Acropolis, burst upon the eye at once; in my opinion, a more Not the glorious prospect than even Cintra or Istambol. view from the Troad, with Ida, the Hellespont, and the more distant Mount Athos, can equal it, though so superior in

extent.

I heard much of the beauty of Arcadia, but excepting the view from the Monastery of Megaspelion (which is inferior to Zitza in a command of country), and the descent from the mountains on the way from Tripolitza to Argos, Arcadia has little to recommend it beyond the name.

Sternitur, et dulces moriens reminiscitur Argos.' Virgil could have put this into the mouth of none but an Argive, and (with reverence be it spoken) it does not deserve the epithet. And if the Polynices of Statius, In mediis audit duo litora campis,' did actually hear both shores in crossing the

isthmus of Corinth, he had better ears than have ever been worn in such a journey since.

Athens,' says a celebrated topographer, 'is still the most polished city of Greece. Perhaps it may of Greece, but not of the Greeks; for Joannina in Epirus universally allowed, amongst themselves, to be superior in the wealth, refinement, learning, and dialect of its inhabitants. The Athenians are remarkable for their cunning; and the lower orders are not improperly characterized in that proverb, which classes them with the Jews of Salonica, and the Turks of the Negropont." Among the various foreigners resident in Athens, French, Italians, Germans, Ragusans, &c., there was never a difference of opinion in their estimate of the Greek character, though on M. Fauvel, the French consul, who has passed thirty years all other topics they disputed with great acrimony. principally at Athens, and to whose talents as an artist, and manners as a gentleman, none who have known him can refuse their testimony, has frequently declared in my hearing, that the Greeks do not deserve to be emancipated; reasoning on the grounds of their national and individual depravity!' causes which can only be removed by the measure he reprowhile he forgot that such depravity is to be attributed to bates.

M. Roque, a French merchant of respectability long settled in Athens, asserted with the most amusing gravity, Sir, they are the same canaille that existed in the days of Themistocles !' an alarming remark to the Laudator temporis acti.' The ancients banished Themistocles; the moderns cheat In short, all the Franks who are fixtures, and most of the Monsieur Roque; thus great men have ever been treated! Englishmen, Germans, Danes, &c. of passage, came over by degrees to their opinion, on much the same grounds that a Turk in England would condemn the nation by wholesale, his washerwoman. because he was wronged by his lacquey, and overcharged by

Certainly it was not a little staggering when the Sieurs Fauvel and Lusieri, the two greatest demagogues of the day, who divide between them the power of Pericles and the popu larity of Cleon, and puzzle the poor Waywode with perpetual differences, agreed in the utter condemnation, nulla virtute redemptum,' of the Greeks in general, and of the Athenians in particular.

For my own humble opinion, I am loth to hazard it, knowing as I do, that there be now in MS, no less than five tours of the first magnitude and of the most threatening aspect, all in typographical array, by persons of wit and honour, and regular common-place books: but, if I may say this without offence, aciously, as almost everybody has declared, that the Greeks, it seems to me rather hard to declare so positively and pertin because they are very bad, will never be better.

Eton and Sonnini have led us astray by their panegyrics and projects: but, on the other hand, De Pauw and Thornton have debased the Greeks beyond their demerits.

The Greeks will never be independent; they will never be sovereigns as heretofore, and God forbid they ever should! but they may be subjects without being slaves. Our colonies are not independent, but they are free and industrious, and such may Greece be hereafter.

At present, like the Catholics of Ireland and the Jews throughout the world, and such other cudgelled and heterodox people, they suffer all the moral and physical ills that can afflict humanity. Their life is a struggle against truth; they are vicious in their own defence. They are so unused to kindit with suspicion, as a dog often beaten snaps at your fingers ness, that when they occasionally meet with it they look upon if you attempt to caress him. They are ungrateful, notoriously, abominably ungrateful!'-this is the general cry. Now, in the name of Nemesis for what are they to be grateful? Where is Greeks? They are to be grateful to the Turks for their fetters, the human being that ever conferred a benefit on Greek or and to the Franks for their broken promises and lying counsels. They are to be grateful to the artist who engraves their ruins, and to the antiquary who carries them away; to the traveller whose janissary flogs them, and to the scribbler whose journal abuses them. This is the amount of their obligations to foreigners.

The poor Greeks do not so much abound in the good things of this world, as to render even their claims to antiquity an object of envy; it is very cruel, then, in Mr Thornton to disturb them in the possession of all that time has left them; viz. their pedigree, of which they are the more tenacious, as it is all they can call their own. It would be worth while to publish to-eater," and quite cashiers the supplementary Nimate` gether, and compare, the works of Messrs Thornton and De Pauw, Eton and Sonnini; paradox on one side, and prejudice on the other. Mr Thornton conceives himself to have claims to public confidence from a fourteen years' residence at Pera; perhaps he may on the subject of the Turks, but this can give him no more insight into the real state of Greece and her in habitants, than as many years spent in Wapping into that of the Western Highlands.

Zolikogloou." Coray has recently been involved in an un-change is to be attributed to their misfortunes rather than to pleasant controversy with M. Gail. a Parisian commentator any "physical degradation."' It may be true that the and editor of some translations from the Greek poets, in con- Greeks are not physically degenerated, and that Constanti sequence of the Institute having awarded him the prize for his nople contained on the day when it changed masters as many version of Hippocrates Hepi võárov,' &c., to the disparage- men of six feet and upwards as in the hour of prosperity; but ment, and consequently displeasure, of the said Gail. To his ancient history and modern politics instruct us that something exertions, literary and patriotic, great praise is undoubtedly more than physical perfection is necessary to preserve a state due; but a part of that praise ought not to be withheld from in vigour and independence; and the Greeks, in particular, the two brothers Zosimado (merchants settled in Leghorn), are a melancholy example of the near connection between who sent him to Paris, and maintained him, for the express moral degradation and natural decay. purpose of elucidating the ancient, and adding to the modern, The Reviewer mentions a plan we believe' by Potemkin researches of his countrymen. Coray, however, is not con- for the purification of the Romaic; and I have endeavoured sidered by his countrymen equal to some who lived in the in vain to procure any tidings or traces of its existence. There two last centuries; more particularly Dorotheus of Mitylene, was an academy in St Petersburg for the Greeks: but it was whose Hellenic writings are so much esteemed by the Greeks, suppressed by Paul, and has not been revived by his successor. that Meletius terms him Merà Tòν Oоνкvõidην kai pen, in p. 58, No. 31 of the Edinburgh Review, where these There is a slip of the pen, and it can only be a slip of the Zerodávтa aplσTOS Eλλývwv.' (P. 224, Ecclesiastical words occur: We are told that when the capital of the East History, vol. iv.) Panagiotes Kodrikas, the translator of Fontenelle, and will, in a future edition, be altered to Mahomet II. The yielded to Solyman'-It may be presumed that this last word Kamarases, who translated Ocellus Lucanus on the Universe ladies of Constantinople,' it seems, at that period spoke a into French, Christodoulus, and more particularly Psalida, dialect, which would not have disgraced the lips of an whom I have conversed with in Joannina, are also in high re- Athenian.' I do not know how that night be, but am sorry pute among their literati. The fast-mentioned has published to say the ladies in general, and the Athenians in particular, in Romaic and Latin a work on 'True Happiness, dedicated are much altered; being far from choice either in their dialect to Catherine II. But Polyzois, who is stated by the Reviewer or expressions, as the whole Attic race are barbarous to a to be the only modern except Coray who has distinguished proverb :himself by a knowledge of Hellenic, if he be the Polyzois Lampanitziotes of Yanina, who has published a number of editions in Romaic, was neither more nor less than an itinerant vender of books; with the contents of which he had no concern beyond his name on the title-page, placed there to secure his property in the publication; and he was, moreover, a man utterly destitute of scholastic acquirements. As the name, however, is not uncommon, some other Polyzois may have edited the Epistles of Aristænetus.

• Ω Αθήνα, προτη χώρα,

Τι γαιδαρους τρέφεις τωρα

In Gibbon, vol. x. p. 161, is the following sentence:- The vulgar dialect of the city was gross and barbarous, though the compositions of the church and palace sometimes affected to copy the purity of the Attic models.' Whatever may be asserted on the subject, it is difficult to conceive that the ladies of Constantinople,' in the reign of the last Cæsar, spoke a purer dialect than Anna Comnena wrote three centuries before: and those royal pages are not esteemed the best models of composition, although the princess yλwTrav exer AKPIBNE ATTIKISOVσav. In the Fanal, and in Yanina, the best Greek is spoken: in the latter there is a flourishing school under the direction of Psalida.

There is now in Athens a pupil of Psalida's, who is making a tour of observation through Greece: he is intelligent, and better educated than a fellow-commoner of most colleges. I mention this as a proof that the spirit of inquiry is not dormant among the Greeks.

It is to be regretted that the system of continental blockade has closed the few channels through which the Greeks received their publications, particularly Venice and Trieste. Even the common grammars for children are become too dear for the lower orders. Amongst their original works the Geography of Meletius, Archbishop of Athens, and a multitude of theological quartos and poetical pamphlets, are to be met with; their grammars and lexicons of two, three, and four languages are numerous and excellent. Their poetry is in rhyme. The most singular piece I have lately seen is a satire in dialogue between a Russian, English, and French traveller, and the Waywode of Wallachia (or Blackbey, as they term him), an archbishop, a merchant, and Cogia Bachi (or primate) in suc The Reviewer mentions Mr Wright, the author of the beauticession; to all of whom under the Turks the writer attributes ful poem Hora Ionicæ,' as qualiñed to give details of these their present degeneracy. Their songs are sometimes pretty nominal Romans and degenerate Greeks; and also of their and pathetic, but their tunes generally unpleasing to the ear language: but Mr Wright, though a good poet and an able of a Frank; the best is the famous Aevre maîdes Toy 'Eλ-man, has made a mistake where he states the Albanian Anvwv, by the unfortunate Riga. But from a catalogue of for the Albanians speak a Komaic as notoriously corrupt as the dialect of the Romaic to approximate nearest to the Hellenic; more than sixty authors, now before me, only fifteen can be Scotch of Aberdeenshire, or the Italian of Naples. Yanina found who have touched on any theme except theology. (where, next to the Fanal, the Greek is purest), although the capital of Ali Pacha's dominions, is not in Albania, but Epirus; and beyond Delvinachi in Albania Proper up to Argyrocastro and Tepaleen (beyond which I did not advance) they speak worse Greek than even the Athenians. I was attended for a year and a half by two of these singular mountaineers, whose mother tongue is Illyric, and I never heard them or their countrymen (whom I have seen, not only at home, but to the amount of twenty thousand in the army of Vely Pacha) praised for their Greek, but often laughed at for their provincial bar. barisms.

I am intrusted with a commission by a Greek of Athens named Marmarotouri to make arrangements, if possible, for printing in London a translation of Barthelemi's Anacharsis in Romaic, as he has no other opportunity, unless he despatches the MS to Vienna by the Black Sea and Danube.

The Reviewer mentions a school established at Hecatonesi, and suppressed at the instigation of Sebastiani: he means Cidonies, or, in Turkish, Haivali; a town on the continent, where that institution for a hundred students and three professors still exists. It is true that this establishment was disturbed by the Porte, under the ridiculous pretext that the Greeks were constructing a fortress instead of a college: but on investigation, and the payment of some purses to the Divan, it has been permitted to continue. The principal professor, named Ueniamin, (i. e. Benjamin), is stated to be a man of talent, but a freethinker. He was born in Lesbos, studied in Italy, and is master of Hellenic, Latin, and some Frank languages: besides a smattering of the sciences.

Though it is not my intention to enter farther on this topic than may allude to the article in question, I cannot but observe that the Reviewer's lamentation over the fall of the Greeks appears singular, when he closes it with these words: The

I have in my possession about twenty-five letters, amongst which some from the Bey of Corinth, wrtten to me by Notaras, the Cogia Bachi, and others by the dragoman of the Caimacam of the Morea (which last governs in Vely Pacha's absence),

In a former number of the Edinburgh Review, 1808, it is observed: Lord Byron passed some of his early years in Scotland, where he might have learned that pibroch does not mean a bagpipe, any more than duet means a fiddle. Query,Was it in Scotland that the young gentlemen of the Edinburgh Review learned that Solyman means Mahomet II. any more than criticism means infallibility 1-but thus it is,

'Cædimus inque vicem præbemus crura sagittis.'

• I have in my possession an excellent lexicon 'Tpıyλwo-The mistake seemed so completely a lapse of the pen (from σov, which I received in exchange from S. G-, Esq. for a small gem: my antiquarian friends have never forgotten it, or forgiven me.

+ In Gail's pamphlet against Coray, he talks of 'throwing the insolent Hellenist out of the windows.' On this a French critic exclaims, Ah, my God! throw an Hellenist out of the window! what sacrilege!' It certainly would be a serious business for those authors who dwell in the attics: but I have quoted the passage merely to prove the similarity of style among the controversialists of all polished countries; London or Edinburgh could hardly parallel this Parisian ebullition.

the great similarity of the two words, and the total absence of error from the former pages of the literary leviathan) that I should have passed it over as in the text, had I not perceived in the Edinburgh Review much facetious exultation on all such detections, particularly a recent one, where words and syllables are subjects of disquisition and transposition; and the abovementioned parallel passage in my own case irresistibly propelled me to hint how much easier it is to be critical than cor rect. The gentlemen, having enjoyed many a triumph on such victories, will hardly begrudge me a slight ovation for the

present.

rank in the provinces. Suleyman Aga, late Governor of Athens, and now of Thebes, was a ben treunt, and as social a being as ever sat cross-legged at a tray or a table. During the carnival, when our English party were masquerading, both himself and his successor were more happy to receive masks,' than any dowager in Grosvenor-square.

On one occasion of his supping at the convent, his friend and visitor, the Cadi of Thebes, was carried from table perfectly qualified for any club in Christendom; while the worthy Waywode himself triumphed in his fall

are said to be favourable specimens of their epistolary style. I also received some at Constantinople from private persons, written in a most hyperbolical style, but in the true antique character. The Reviewer proceeds, after some remarks on the tongue in its past and present state, to a paradox (page 59) on the great mischief the knowledge of his own language has done to Coray, who, it seems, is less likely to understand the ancient Greek, because he is perfect master of the modern! This observation follows a paragraph, recommending, in explicit terms, the study of the Romaic, as a powerful auxiliary, not only to In all money transactions with the Moslems, I ever found the traveller and foreign merchant, but also to the classical the strictest honour, the highest disinterestedness. In transscholar; in short, to everybody except the only person who acting business with them, there are none of those dirty can be thoroughly acquainted with its uses; and by a parity peculations, under the name of interest, difference of esof reasoning, our old language is conjectured to be probably change, commission, &c. &c., uniformly found in applying to more attainable by 'foreigners than by ourselves! Now, I am a Greek consul to cash bills, even on the first houses in Fera inclined to think, that a Dutch Tyro in our tongue (albeit him- With regard to presents, an established custom in the East, self of Saxon blood) would be sadly perplexed with Sir you will rarely find yourself a loser; as one worth acceptance Tristrem, or any other given Auchinleck MS,' with or with-is generally returned by another of similar value-a horse, or out a grammar or glossary; and to most apprehensions it seems a shawl. evident, that none but a native can acquire a competent, far less complete, knowledge of our obsolete idioms. We may give the critic credit for his ingenuity, but no more believe him than we do Smollett's Lismahago, who maintains that the purest English is spoken in Edinburgh. That Coray may err is very possible; but if he does, the fault is in the man rather than in his mother tongue, which is, as it ought to be, of the greatest aid to the native student.-Here the Reviewer pro-in Greece and Asia Minor. ceeds to business on Strabo's translators, and here I close my remarks.

Sir W. Drummond, Mr Hamilton, Lord Aberdeen, Dr Clarke, Captain Leake, Mr Gell, Mr Walpole, and many others now in England, have all the requisites to furnish details of this fallen people. The few observations I have offered I should have left where I made them, had not the article in question, and above all the spot where I read it, induced me to advert to those pages, which the advantage of my present situation enabled me to clear, or at least to make the attempt. I have endeavoured to waive the personal feelings which rise in despite of me in touching upon any part of the Edinburgh Review; not from a wish to conciliate the favour of its writers, or to cancel the remembrance of a syllable I have formerly published, but simply from a sense of the impropriety of mixing up private resentments with a disquisition of the present kind, and more particularly at this distance of time and place.

Amongst an enslaved people, obliged to have recourse to foreign presses even for their books of religion, it is less to be wondered at that we find so few publications on general subjects than that we find any at all. The whole number of the Greeks, scattered up and down the Turkish empire and elsewhere, may amount, at most, to three millions; and yet, for so scanty a number, it is impossible to discover any nation with so great a proportion of books and their authors as the Greeks of the present century. Ay,' but say the generous advocates of oppression, who, while they assert the ignorance of the Greeks, wish to prevent them from dispelling it, ay, but these are mostly, if not all, ecclesiastical tracts, and consequently good for nothing. Well! and pray what else can they write about? It is pleasant enough to hear a Frank, particularly an Englishman, who may abuse the government of his own country; or a Frenchman, who may abuse every government except his own, and who may range at will over every philosophical, religious, scientific, sceptical, or moral subject, sneering at the Greek legends. A Greek must not write on politics, and cannot touch on science for want of instruction; if he doubts, he is excommunicated and damned; therefore his countrymen are not poisoned with modern philosophy; and, as to morals, thanks to the Turks! there are no such things. What then is left him, if he has a turn for scribbling? Keligion and holy biography: and it is natural enough that those who have so little in this life should look to the next. It is no great wonder, then, that in a catalogue now before me of fiftyfive Greek writers, many of whom were lately living, not above fifteen should have touched on anything but religion. The catalogue alluded to is contained in the twenty-sixth chapter of the fourth volume of Meletius' Ecclesiastical History.

CANTO II., STANZA LXXIV., p. 172.

'Trembling beneath the scourge of Turkish hand. The difficulties of travelling in Turkey have been much exaggerated, or rather have considerably diminished, of late years. The Mussulmans have been beaten into a kind of sullen civility very comfortable to voyagers.

It is hazardous to say much on the subject of Turks and Turkey; since it is possible to live amongst them twenty years without acquiring information, at least from themselves. As for as my own slight experience carried me, I have no complaint to make; but am indebted for many civilities (I might also say for friendship), and much hospitality, to Ali Pacha, his son Veli Pacha of the Morea, and several others of high

In the capital and 'at court the citizens and courtiers are formed in the same school with those of Christianity; but there does not exist a more honourable, friendly, and highspirited character than the true Turkish provincia' Aga, or Moslem country gentleman. It is not meant here to designate the governors of towns, but these Agas who, by a kind of feudal tenure, possess lands and houses, of more or less extent,

The lower orders are in as tolerable discipline as the rabble in countries with greater pretensions to civilization. A Mcs. lem, in walking the streets of our country-towns, would be more incommoded in England than a Frank in a similar situa tion in Turkey. Regimentals are the best travelling dress. The best accounts of the religion and different sects of Islamism, may be found in D'Ohsson's French; of their manners, &c. perhaps in Thornton's English The Ottomans, with all their defects, are not a people to be despised. Equal at least, to the Spaniards, they are superior to the Portuguese. If it be difficult to pronounce what they are, we can at least say what they are not they are not treacherous, they are met cowardly, they do net burn heretics, they are not assassins, nor has an enemy advanced to their capital. They are fathful to their sultan till he becomes unfit to govern, and devcat to their God without an inquisition. Were they driven from St Sophia to-morrow, and the French or Russians enthroned in their stead, it would become a question whether Europe would gain by the exchange. England would certainly be the loser.

With regard to that ignorance of which they are so generally, and sometimes justly, accused, it may be dochter, always excepting France and England, in what useful points of knowledge they are excelled by other nations. Is it in the common arts of life? In their manufactures? Is a Turkish sabre inferior to a Toledo? or is a Turk worse clothed, or lodged, or fed and taught, than a Spaniard? Are their Pactas worse educated than a Grandee? or an Effendi than a Knight of St. Jago? I think not.

I remember Mahinout, the grandson of Ali Pacha, asking whether my fellow-traveller and myself were in the upper ar lower House of Parliament. Now, this question from a boy of ten years old proved that his education had not been negledei It may be doubted if an English boy at that age krows the difference of the Divan from a College of Dervises; but I am very sure a Spaniard does not. How little Mahmeat, sur rounded, as he had been, entirely by his Terkisa tutors, Fad learned that there was such a thing as a Parliament, it were use less to conjecture, unless we suppose that his instructors did not confine his studies to the Koran.

In all the mosques there are schools established, which are very regularly attended; and the poor are taught without the church of Turkey being put into peril. I believe the system is not yet printed (though there is such a thing as a Turkah press, and books printed on the late military institution of the Nizam Gedidd); nor have I heard whether the M: ft and the Mollas have subscribed, or the Caimacan and the Tefterdar taken the alarm, for fear the ingenuous youth of the turtwn should be taught not to 'pray to God their way.' The Grecks also-a kind of Eastern Irish Papists-have a college of their own at Maynooth,-no, at Haivali; where the betered receive much the same kind of countenance from the Ottor an as the Catholic college from the English legislature. shall then affirm that the Turks are ignorant begets, when they thus evince the exact proportion of Christian Chanty which is tolerated in the most prosperous and orthodox of all posside kingdoms? But though they allow all this, they will not suffer the Greeks to participate in their privileges: no, let them fight their battles, and pay their haratch (taxes, be drubled in this world, and damned in the next. And shall we then eman, e our Irish Helots? Mahomet forbid ! We should then be bad Mussulmans, and worse Christians: at present we unite the best of both-Jesuitical faith, and something not much inferior to Turkish toleration.

tator.

CANTO III., STANZA XCI., p. 185.

CANTO III., STANZA XCIX., p. 186.

the mountains. On the opposite height of Clarens is a château. The hills are covered with vineyards, and interspersed with some small but beautiful woods; one of these was named the Bosquet de Julie;' and it is remarkable that, though long ago cut down by the brutal selfishness of the monks of St Bernard (to whom the land appertained), that the ground might be enclosed into a vineyard for the miserable drones of an execrable superstition, the inhabitants of Clarens still point out the spot where its trees stood, calling it by the name which consecrated and survived them. Rousseau has not been particularly fortunate in the preservation of the 'local habitations' he has given to 'airy nothings.' The Prior of Great St Bernard has cut down some of his woods for the sake of a few casks of wine, and Buonaparte has levelled part of the rocks of Meillerie in improving the road to the Simplon. The road is an excellent one; but I cannot quite agree with a remark which I heard made, that 'La route vaut mieux que les souvenirs,'

THE CORSAIR.

'Of earth-o'ergazing mountains, and thus take.] It is to be recollected, that the most beautiful and impressive doctrines of the divine Founder of Christianity were delivered, not in the Temple, but on the Mount. To waive the question of devotion, and turn to human eloquence,-the most effectual and splendid specimens were not pronounced within walls. Demosthenes addressed the public and popular assemblies. Cicero spoke in the forum. That this added to their effect on the mind of both orator and hearers, may be conceived from the difference between what we read of the emotions then and there produced, and those we ourselves experience in the perusal in the closet. It is one thing to read the Iliad at Sigæum and on the tumuli, or by the springs with Mount Ida above, and the plain and rivers and Archipelago around you; and another to trim your taper over it in a snug library-this I know. Were the early and rapid progress of what is called Methodism to be attributed to any cause beyond the enthusiasm excited by its vehement faith and doctrines (the truth or error of which I presume neither to canvass nor to question), I should venture to ascribe it to the practice of preaching in the fields, and the unstudied and exteinporaneous effusions of its teachers. The CANTO III., PARAGRAPH XXIV., p. 256. Mussulmans, whose erroneous devotion (at least in the lower orders) is most sincere, and therefore impressive, are accus- Link'd with one virtue, and a thousand crimes.'] That the tomed to repeat their prescribed orisons and prayers, wher-point of honour which is represented in one instance of Conever they may be, at the stated hours-of course, frequently rad's character has not been carried beyond the bounds of in the open air, kneeling upon a light mat (which they carry probability, may perhaps be in some degree confirmed by the for the purpose of a bed or cushion as required); the ceremony following anecdote of a brother buccaneer in the year 1814 :lasts some minutes, during which they are totally absorbed, Our readers have all seen the account of the enterprise and only living in their supplication: nothing can disturb them. against the pirates of Barrataria; but few, we believe, were On me the simple and entire sincerity of these men, and the informed of the situation, history, or nature of that establishspirit which appeared to be within and upon them, made a far ment. For the information of such as were unacquainted greater impression than any general rite which was ever per- with it, we have procured from a friend the following interestformed in places of worship, of which I have seen those of ing narrative of the main facts, of which he has personal knowalmost every persuasion under the sun; including most of our ledge, and which cannot fail to interest some of our readers:own sectaries, and the Greek, the Catholic, the Armenian, the Barrataria is a bay, or a narrow arm, of the Gulf of Mexico; Lutheran, the Jewish, and the Mahometan. Many of the it runs through a rich but very flat country, until it reaches negroes, of whom there are numbers in the Turkish empire, within a mile of the Mississippi river, fifteen miles below are idolaters, and have free exercise of their belief and its the city of New Orleans. The bay has branches almost inrites; some of these I had a distant view of at Patras; and, numerable, in which persons can lie concealed from the from what I could make out of them, they appeared to be of severest scrutiny. It communicates with three lakes which lie a truly Pagan description, and not very agreeable to a spec- on the south-west side, and these, with the lake of the same name, and which lies contiguous to the sea, where there is an island formed by the two arms of this lake and the sea. The east and west points of this island were fortified, in the year 1811, by a band of pirates, under the command of one Monsieur La Fitte. A large majority of these outlaws are of that class of the population of the State of Louisiana who fled from the island of St Domingo during the troubles there, and took refuge in the island of Cuba; and when the last war between France and Spain commenced, they were compelled to leave that island with the short notice of a few days. Without ceremony they entered the United States, the most of them the State of Louisiana, with all the negroes they had possessed in Cuba. They were notified by the Governor of that State of the clause in the constitution which forbade the importation of slaves; but, at the same time, received the assurance of the Governor that he would obtain, if possible, the approbation of the General Government for their retaining this property.The island of Barrataria is situated about lat. 29 deg. 15 min., lon. 92. 30.; and is as remarkable for its health as for the superior scale and shell fish with which its waters abound. The chief of this horde, like Charles de Moor, had, mixed with his many vices, some virtues. In the year 1813, this party had, from its turpitude and boldness, claimed the attention of the Governor of Louisiana; and to break up the establishment he thought proper to strike at the head. He therefore offered a reward of 500 dollars for the head of Monsieur La Fitte, who was well known to the inhabitants of the city of New Orleans, from his immediate connection, and his once having been a fencing-master in that city of great reputation, which art he learnt in Buonaparte's army, where he was a captain. The reward which was offered by the Governor for the head of La Fitte was answered by the offer of a reward from the latter of 15,000 for the head of the Governor. The Governor ordered out a company to march from the city to La Fitte's island, and to burn and destroy all the property, and to bring to the city of New Orleans all its banditti. This company, under the command of a man who had been the intimate associate of this bold Captain, approached very near to the fortified island, before he saw a man, or heard a sound, until he heard a whistle, not unlike a boatswain's call. Then it was he found himself surrounded by armed men who had emerged from the secret avenues which led into Bayou. Here it was that the modern Charles de Moor developed his few noble traits; for to this man, who had come to destroy his life and all that was dear to him, he not only spared his life, but offered him that which would have made the honest soldier easy for the remainder of his days; which was indignantly refused. He then, with the approbation of his captor, returned to the city. This circum stance, and some concomitant events, proved that this band of pirates was not to be taken by land. Our naval force having

And sun-set into rose-hues sees them wrought."] Rousseau's Heloise, Lettre 17, Part IV, note. Ces montagnes sont si hautes qu'une demi-heure après le soleil couche, leurs sommets sont éclairés de ses rayons; dont le rouge forme sur ces cimes blanches une belle couleur de rose, qu'on aperçoit de fort loin.'-This applies more particularly to the heights over Meillerie. J'allai à Vevay loger à la Clef, et pendant deux jours que j'y restai sans voir personne, je pris pour cette ville un amoir qui m'a suivi dans tous mes voyages, et qui m'y a fait établir enfin les héros de mon roman. Je dirais volontiers à ceux qui ont du goût et qui sont sensibles: Allez à Vevayvisitez le pays, examinez les sites, promenez-vous sur le lac, et dites si la Nature n'a pas fait ce beau pays pour une Julie, pour une Claire, et pour un St Preux; mais ne les y cherchez pas. -Les Confessions, livre iv. p. 306, Lyon, ed. 1796.-In July. 1816, I made a voyage round the Lake of Geneva: and, as far as my own observations have led me in a not uninterested nor inattentive survey of all the scenes most celebrated by Rousseau in his 'Héloïse,' I can safely say, that in this there is no exaggeration. It would be difficult to see Clarens (with the scenes around it, Vevay, Chillon, Bôveret, St Gingo, Meillerie, Eivan, and the entrances of the Rhone) without being forcibly struck with its peculiar adaptation to the persons and events with which it has been peopled. But this is not all; the feel ing with which all around Clarens, and the opposite rocks of Meillerie, is invested, is of a still higher and more comprehensive order than the niere sympathy with individual passion; it is a sense of the existence of love in its most extended and sublime capacity, and of our own participation of its good and of its glory: it is the great principle of the universe, which is there more condensed, but not less manifested; and of which, though knowing ourselves a part, we lose our individuality, and mingle in the beauty of the whole.-If Rousseau had never written, nor lived, the same associations would not less have belonged to such scenes. He has added to the interest of his works by their adoption; he has shown his sense of their beauty by the selection; but they have done that for him which no human being could do for them.-I had the fortune (good or evil as it might be) to sail from Meillerie (where we landed for some time) to St Gingo during a lake storm, which added to the magnificence of all around, although occasionally accompanied by danger to the boat, which was small and overloaded. It was over this very part of the lake that Rous seau has driven the boat of St Preux and Madame Wolmar to Meillerie for shelter during a tempest. On gaining the shore at St Gingo, I found that the wind had been sufficiently strong to blow down some fine old chestnut trees on the lower part of,