Social Experiments: Evaluating Public Programs With Experimental MethodsSAGE, 1999 - 263 páginas Intended to provide a basic understanding not only of how to design and implement social experiments, but also of how to interpret their results once they are completed, author Larry L. Orr's Social Experiments is written in a friendly, how-to manner. Through the use of illustrative examples, how-to exhibits and cases, and boldface key words, Orr provides readers with a grounding in the experimental method, including the rational and ethical issues of random assignment; designs that best address alternative policy questions; maximizing the precision of the estimates; implementing the experiment in the field; data collection; estimating and interpreting program impacts, costs, and benefits; dealing with potential biases; and the use and misuse of experimental results in the policy process. This book will be useful not only to those who plan to conduct experiments, but also to the much larger group who will, at one time or another, want to understand the results of experimental evaluations. |
Contenido
Why Experiment? The Rationale and History | 1 |
Is Experimentation Ethical? | 17 |
A Brief History of Social Experimentation | 23 |
Basic Concepts and Principles of Social Experimentation | 35 |
Interpreting TreatmentControl Differences in Outcomes | 50 |
Interpreting the Results of Tests of Significance | 60 |
Alternative Random Assignment Models | 69 |
Estimating the Effects of Discrete Program | 93 |
Allocation of the Sample Among Multiple Treatments | 121 |
The Number of Experimental Sites | 129 |
Implementation and Data Collection | 139 |
Cost Data | 173 |
Analysis | 187 |
Social Experimentation and the Policy Process | 233 |
| 259 | |
Minimum Detectable Effects and the Design | 112 |
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Social Experiments: Evaluating Public Programs With Experimental Methods Larry L. Orr Vista de fragmentos - 1999 |
Términos y frases comunes
analysis approach behavior benefits bias characteristics comparison group cost critical region data collection demonstration design of experiments different from zero discussed earnings employment and training estimated impact evaluation example experimental estimates experimental groups experimental impact estimates experimental program experimental sample experimental services experimental treatment external validity F test false-positive test results families follow-up period Health Insurance Experiment implemented income maintenance experiments individuals ineligible intake process intervention job training large number measure ment minimum detectable effects National JTPA Study negative income tax no-show nonexperimental services null hypothesis number of sites ongoing program outcomes of interest overall policymakers potential participants program impacts program participants program staff random assignment ratio randomly received reject the null sample member sample size sampling distribution sampling error selection bias significance level significantly different social experiments standard error statistical training program treatment and control treatment group members treatment-control difference true impact unbiased estimates variance zero effect