name of the Lord Jesus. It was his joy to see men and women serve the Lord in their generation, and that there might be a care in them to watch over the heritage of God for good everywhere. He encouraged such daily, and his estate and time were given up to serve the Lord and his people; he was very little employed in temporal business; but his heart and hands were open to do good wherever he saw need. The care of the churches came upon him, and that purity and righteousness might prevail, he laboured night and day. He would often say to those who were rightly concerned for the testimonies of Truth, "Go on in the name and fear of the Lord; heed not the opposition of such as would be at liberty to do things which tend not to the glory of God; but mind God's fear, and keep in that spirit which judges down all ungodliness, and every appearance of evil, so shall you prosper, and be as instruments in the hand of the Lord, to beat down all ungodliness." And the last time I saw his face, says one of his friends, his eyes were filled with tears, and he was in a deep travail and exercise, for one who had gone aside from the truth.

When he met with any who were prejudiced against the good order of the Society, and would destroy all government, under the pretext of leaving all to their liberty and freedom, while they were in bondage to a slothful, unfaithful spirit, he would in great love and tenderness speak to such, and labour with them for their recovery out of the snare which the enemy had laid for them, to hinder them from being serviceable in their day.

bread for himself, a sick wife and young child. From twelve persons, of whom Giles Barnardiston was one, they distrained goods valued at two hundred and sixty-one pounds sterling. Friends were not only compelled to endure great loss of property, but in some cases were even reduced to want; yet they bore it with the meekness and constancy of Christians. They could not forsake the assembling of themselves together, but manifested their love and allegiance to their Lord and Master, by publicly offering that worship, which is due to Him, of whom and by whom are all things, and to whom we owe the dedication of our time and talents, and the right occupancy of those spiritual gifts, which he dispenses for the edification of the church and the work of our own souls salvation.

After all this spoiling of goods, the Friends were kept out of their meeting-house six months together, in winter, when they met in the open street, as constantly as before, and underwent much abuse. Two watchmen with halberts, pushed them up and down the streets, frequently striking and threatening to kill them, asserting that the justices told them the law could not punish them if they did kill the Friends. One of the watchmen falling sick, was relieved by some of those whom he had been engaged in abusing. Their charity and Christian kindness in rendering good for evil, so wrought upon his comrade, that he refused to continue his outrageous treatment any longer; and one day meeting a Friend whom he had abused, he said, "I desire you to forgive me-the blessing of God is among you." Although they employed another to In the year 1669, he removed his residence pursue the same course, the patience and to Clare, in Suffolk, the place of his nativity, mildness of Friends overpowered him, and and with his brethren there, was subjected to he finally took his seat on the threshold of another course of persecution. Upon the pub-the meeting-house during the time of their lication of the Conventicle act, the parish officer and an informer came to the meeting of John Cornwell, who removed to Clare with Haverill, where Giles Barnardiston attended, Giles Barnardiston, bears testimony to the exand taking the names of the Friends, reported ercise of mind which he was brought under, them to a justice of the peace, who issued his that the Lord would raise up a people in that warrants for distress so often, that all the es-town who should become servants of the liv tates of the members there, were thought too ing God; and when through the power of the little to satisfy them. The warrants were exe- Holy Spirit they triumphed over their enecuted with the utmost rigour-the parish officer mies, for which this devoted servant of Christ urging the informer and others, saying, "Come, often praised and magnified the name of the sirs, let us do what we do quickly, for this Lord in commemoration thereof, it pleased his trade will not last long." After taking all the Divine Master to confer upon him a gift in the goods out of one Friend's house, and the wood ministry of the Gospel of life and salvation. from his yard, a neighbour desired them to He was made an instrument in his hand to leave a few old hoop-poles to boil milk for the turn many from darkness to light, and from children, but they refused. From another they the power of satan unto God, that they might took the team of horses from his plough; and receive forgiveness of sins and an inheritance when they had made a spoil of a weaver's amongst them that are sanctified; and he lived goods, they broke his loom in pieces with the to see many of his children in the faith of work in it, which was his only means to get Christ, some of whose mouths the Lord also

worship.

opened to declare his everlasting Gospel, to seasons we had in that journey, in which our his great rejoicing whilst he remained among souls were refreshed in the Lord and with his them. Giles Barnardiston was an able minis- children. In almost every meeting we had in ter, not of the letter but of the Spirit, endued this journey, that faithful servant and minister with a boldness and utterance which carried of the Gospel, testified that the Lord looked conviction to the hearts of many; he could for fruits from his people; to whom he had speak a word in season to them that were so largely manifested himself in making weary, and from his own experience could known his precious truth. He also powerfully show them where true rest and peace to the exhorted parents to be good examples to their soul was to be obtained; in the dread and au- children, and not to countenance them in the thority of the Lord he threshed the mount of least appearance of evil, nor in the world's Esau, the habitations of wickedness; and at vain fashions or customs, manners or lanother times spoke comfortably to the wrestling guage; but to bring them up in the fear of seed, binding up that which was bruised, God, and to teach them such manners as bestrengthening and confirming the weak and came Truth, which are good words and civil feeble, and comforting the dejected with the behaviour towards all people, and to keep in same comfort wherewith, in the day of his their places in the authority of God; and that deep conflicts, he had been comforted of God. children should obey their parents in the Lord, His doctrine was sound, delivered in the sim- and not to answer again when they are replicity of the Truth, without reliance on his proved. To the heads of families and their literary acquirements; and conveying divine servants, he gave the admonition, that they life and refreshment to those he ministered should all know their places, and keep in them unto. He preached the free Gospel of Jesus one towards another; being good examples in Christ, "seeking nothing for himself, but that their respective stations, that the Truth be not in all things he might have a conscience void blamed, but adorned by all that profess it; of offence in the sight of God; and that the mentioning the declaration concerning Abraheavenly work which the Lord had begun in ham, when the Lord said, "Shall I hide from that age might be carried on and prospered in Abraham that thing which I do, seeing that the earth, until it should be filled with the he shall surely become a great and mighty knowledge of the Lord as the waters fill the nation, and all the nations of the earth shall sea." He was a man of a meek, humble, be blessed in him? for I know him that he peaceable and tender spirit; and sought the will command his children and his household glory of God, and the good of souls in all he after him, and they shall keep the way of the did. Self was baptized into death, and made Lord to do justice and judgment; that the of no reputation to him; he greatly loved and Lord may bring upon Abraham that which he honoured his elder brethren in the Lord, and hath spoken of him." And he gave it as a was willing to serve the meanest and poorest charge to Friends to keep justice and judgamong the flock of Christ. He greatly sought ment upon the head of the transgressor, both for love, peace and unity amongst brethren; individually and in general; for, said he, these and that spirit which would divide and sow are the people whom the Lord will make great, discord, and lead into a separation, he stood and they shall be a blessing in his hand to the firmly against.

nations.

Very little record of his labours has been It appears he also travelled with that emipreserved, but from the accounts of his friends nent minister of Christ, Benjamin Bangs, who he was diligently employed during the short says of him, "His ministry was very effectual period of his life after joining the Society, ei- for the gathering of many from darkness to ther in suffering for and maintaining the testi- light; who are at this day as living epistles monies of Truth within his own meetings, or of his apostleship, to the praise and honour of in travelling abroad in the ministry. He vis- God. He was greatly endued with the power ited many parts of his own nation and was also on the continent; and in all places where he went he left a good report and savour. John Wilsford speaking of his service, says, "We have had sweet fellowship together in our travel in the service of Truth, several times. In a late journey of about six weeks in Norfolk, Suffolk, some parts of Essex and Cambridgeshire, and the isle of Ely, we had a precious time together; of which my heart is glad in the Lord. I desire not to forget the sweet unity and the comfortable and fruitful

of the Lord and a heavenly understanding, with whose testimony my soul has been greatly benefitted and consoled. I can do no less than magnify the Lord in the sense thereof, which flowed through him as a pleasant stream from the fountain of divine life; which the Lord opened to him, whereby he would greatly encourage all to persevere towards the habitation of true peace, warning them not to sit down short of that rest which God had prepared. Having been with him in his travels, I cannot forget how he would often

remind such who were convinced of God's blessed truth, not to forget the day of their visitation; their first love and tenderness towards the Lord, and where they were when he first made himself known unto them, and whither he had now brought them by his blessed power."

had and might have had a share of, with them who are in it; neither would I now leave my house and home, where I have a loving wife, with all that a man fearing God need to desire, if it was not to obey the Lord, and make known his blessed truth unto others, that they may come to be saved. For this cause do I forsake father and mother, wife and estate; and whoever thinks otherwise of me, with my faithful brethren, whom God hath called into his work, to declare his name and truth among the sons of men, they are all mistaken of us, and I would they knew us better."

To such who had made some progress in the way of Truth, and for want of faithfulness to the Lord, had let something of darkness come over them again, he would say, "Friends, do but remember the days that are past, when you were first convinced of God's blessed truth; what tenderness of heart, and broken- He had a great esteem and respect for all ness of spirit was there then towards the experienced Friends, who abode faithful; and Lord, and what a love was begotten and in particular for ancient and elder brethren, raised towards one another! Whither would who were in Christ before him, and had been we not have gone, a little to have been to- serviceable to him upon his convincement, and gether, to have spoken something of our ex-a strength to him in time of weakness; and perience of the goodness of the Lord to us? he often expressed his grief to see how unOh! how glad were we but to see the face of one whom the Lord sent forth to publish the Gospel of glad tidings in our ears! Come, do but remember! How came you to forget these days? Make now a narrow search, and see what is the matter that ye are not so living to God as you were formerly. Take heed lest the cumbers, or the delights of a fading, perishing world, steal your affections away from more durable riches." Thus, with much fervency of spirit and great tenderness, he exhorted all to press after holiness, without which no man can see the Lord.

"This worthy servant of the Lord, continues Benjamin Bangs, did not only in preaching the Gospel, adorn the truth of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, which he professed, but also in his solid behaviour, both in words and actions. His countenance was grave and weighty, his carriage comely, and he was ever ready to hold forth a helping hand to the weak, delighting to behold the prosperity of the Truth, and brethren walking in the unity."

grateful some were, to undervalue the testimonies and service of such, who had been fathers in Christ, to bring them to the knowledge of the Truth, and to build them up therein, while they were young and tender; of them he would say, The Lord will judge them for it.

The numerous trials with which Friends were assailed at the rise of the Society, involved them in deep suffering for the support of the Christian testimonies which they promulgated to the world. Not only the spoiling of their estates, the violence offered to their persons, which sometimes terminated life, the malevolence of their opponents in misrepresenting their religious principles-but when some respite was permitted them from their multiplied grievances, disaffected or apostatized members rose up against their brethren, who were engaged in administering the discipline and government of the church; and in some instances, denied its religious principles or questioned the soundness of its faith. Jeffery Bullock, a member of Haverill Monthly Meeting, to which Giles Barnardiston belonged, forsook the Christian doctrines of Friends, and denied that the Christ, who died at Jerusalem, was the Saviour and Judge of the world. After the requisite labour to reclaim him from the state of darkness and unbelief into which he had fallen, the men's meeting disowned him from membership, and his he retical opinions, as ever having been any part of the creed of the Society, as appears by the following document, transcribed from the minutes of that meeting.

Though his health and strength were much impaired by frequent attacks of disease, he travelled diligently when able to be abroad; and Samuel Cater remarks, that when they were on any hard journey, accompanied with unusual exercise, Giles Barnardiston would encourage his friends with the observation, "this is but for a short time, and we shall have done in this world. I desire I may be faithful to the end, that I may enjoy that at the hand of the Lord, for which I received the Truth; for if it had not been to obtain peace of conscience, whilst I am in this world, "For the clearing of the precious truth of and hopes of everlasting rest with God in the God, professed by us, his people called Quaworld to come, I would never have left the kers, from the occasion of stumbling and reglory and pleasures of this world, which Iproach given by Jeffery Bullock's pernicious

doctrine, in affirming that he neither expects justification nor condemnation by that Christ that died, or was put to death, at Jerusalem. "These are to certify all Friends and friendly people whom it may concern, that we testify against this doctrine as stated by him, as both pernicious and antichristian, and contrary to plain Scriptures and the constant testimony faithfully borne amongst us from the beginning.

"For neither do we profess or preach two Christs; nor yet own justification by any other Christ, or in any other name, but by and in the name of that one very Christ of God, [of] whom the holy prophets and apostles gave witness in the Scriptures of truth, 1 Pet. iii. 18.; who was miraculously conceived by the Holy Ghost overshadowing the virgin Mary; and was crucified and put to death in the flesh, without the gates of Jerusalem, but quickened by the Spirit, whom God raised from the dead.

"We must confess with the holy apostles, Acts xiii. 30. that even by Him, to wit, that very Christ, all that believe are justified from all things, from which they could not be justified by the law of Moses: and that remission of sins, justification and salvation, as then preached in the name of the same Lord Jesus Christ and by his eternal power and Spirit of our God; so the same is constantly believed and witnessed amongst us.

"And although the best sense that we can suppose or gather, as aimed at by the said Jeffery Bullock, is, That it is not only by the sufferings and death of Christ, nor by a mere literal knowledge of Christ as after the flesh, that men can be either completely justified or saved from sin and death, any more than the apostles or primitive Christians were, but by his life, Spirit, and power operating in them, and so by a living and spiritual knowledge of Christ as after the Spirit: Which, though the truth of this we cannot but own and justify, yet this cannot excuse the before cited doctrine, as laid down, which denies justification and condemnation by that Christ that died: for that supposeth another Christ for that end, and so two Christs.*

"Whereas, the very Christ, the Son of God, is but one, though he hath often and variously manifested himself from the beginning, as both before he came in the flesh, and in the fulness of time in the flesh, viz. that body that was prepared for him to do the will of his Father in and since in Spirit, for the everlast

*"And therefore the said Jeffery Bullock ought to see his error and recant, and call back his words which have given occasion of stumbling in Sudbury."

ing salvation and comfort of all them who believe in his name and power, which by his divine light within, is livingly revealed.

"And we confess that this Son of God, our Saviour, Jesus Christ our Lord, was made of the seed of David according to the flesh, Rom. i. 3, 4. and declared to be the Son of God with power according to the Spirit of holiness, by the resurrection from the dead: and that that very Christ that came of Israel as concerning the flesh, is over all, God blessed for ever, Rom. ix. 5. So that he is truly and inseparably God and man, according to the Scriptures of truth. And even that very Christ who was crucified and slain, hath God lifted up with his right hand, to be a Prince and a Saviour, Acts v. 30, 31.

"So we confess with the apostles, 1 Cor. viii. 6. that to us, is but one God, the Father, of whom are all things, and we in him; and one Lord Jesus Christ, by whom are all things, and we by him.t

"And further, we cannot own any such doctrine or words, by whomsoever spoken, as tend to undervalue the sufferings, death, and blood of Christ. For not only a reconciliation was declared and made through his death, Rom. v. 10. Heb. ii. 17. but all his sufferings, and his being the one universal offering and sacrifice, did contribute to man's redemption, and the salvation of all that truly believe in his name, Titus iii. 5, 6. Though without the washing of regeneration and being born again, John iii. 5. 1 Pet. i. 23. of the living Word and Spirit of life, none do really partake of eternal salvation, or that redemption which is obtained through the blood of Christ, who gave himself for us that he might redeem us from all iniquity."

Jeffery Bullock took great offence at this decisive testimony of Friends, and wrote a pamphlet, which he called "Anti-christ's transformations within, discovered by the light within," inveighing against them and the exercise of that authority with which the church under the direction of its Divine Head is clothed, to place the judgment of Truth upon those who have made shipwreck of faith, and broken the bonds of its fellowship. To this pamphlet Giles Barnardiston wrote a reply, in which he says, "that Anti-christ's transformations within, is setting itself above the Light within, in such as have departed from it in themselves; amongst whom is this Jeffery Bullock with some others, who went out from us because they were not of us, but went out and so are made manifest. Had they continued in the Light, they would not have been pushing at

† Acts xvii. 31. And God will judge the world in righteousness, by that Man he hath ordained.

us, and it, for such are at unity with the simple. Rome and the priests saying that Light, and in sweet fellowship, peace and they own justification and condemnation by communion one with another; and there is no that Christ that died at Jerusalem, does not occasion of stumbling in them, because they make it antichristian doctrine; and we do not walk in the Light. These have been much deny the true doctrine that Rome and the opposed since they were a people gathered by priests own, but the antichristian. It is not the Light, to walk in it; the enemy hath la- contrary to the Scriptures and the form of boured always to disperse their gatherings, sound words, to expect justification and conand to hedge up their path; and when the na- demnation, by that Christ that died at Jerusational priests and others of all sorts, could lem, but agreeing therewith; and thy subtlety effect nothing with their weapons, then have is seen, in making these expressions to exclude arisen some amongst ourselves, who have the manhood in which it is really included, spoken perverse things to draw others after which says, 'by grace ye are saved, and them. This is no new thing, nor would we therefore not by him that died,' though he have any startled and make a wrong judg- was full of grace, and by it tasted death, that ment concerning us or the blessed Light, be- he might reconcile unto God, without which cause thereof, and thus make their bands there is no salvation. J. Bullock says, 'And strong." With reference to the charge of im- by the light of the world we are condemned,' position, Giles Barnardiston says, "Neither as if it was not he who died who said, I am have such forced any, or exercised dominion the light of the world. I might as well say, over the consciences of any, as Rome and other because it is said, the seed of the woman shall churches have done, by their coercive power bruise the serpent's head, therefore not the and penal laws; and so none are likely to be seed of God; and a man shall be for an hiding ensnared by the power and authority given place, and a covert from the storm, therefore them of God to judge error and blasphemy, not Christ: the son of man's coming is as the and whatever rises up that is of a contrary lightening, therefore not the Spirit; God shall nature to the pure Light and peaceable spirit judge the world by that man Christ Jesus, of righteousness, which has brought us forth therefore not by the light; this is contrary to a people to his praise; amongst whom is the the sense of Scripture, for that includes them spirit of judgment and a sound mind; who in one, and joins them together, whom thou have the mind of Christ, and will not be di- wouldst part asunder. Thou mayest read in vided from their Husband, their Maker; nor John, when Christ said, The son of man must let his judgment depart, nor his law that he be lifted up; and they asked him, Who is this has placed in their hearts, and his righteous- son of man; his answer was, Yet a little while ness that he put by his Spirit in their inward and the light is with you; while you have the parts, which now go forth to judge un- light, walk in it. Likewise, when the babe righteousness and filthiness as well of spirit was brought to Simeon, he took it in his arms, as of flesh. This makes the filthy dreamers saying of it,' Mine eyes have seen thy salvathat despise dominion angry, and causes them tion, a light to lighten the Gentiles,' &c. And to vent their confusion, blasphemy and dark- the prophet speaking of him, says, 'And thou ness to the manifesting their own shame, as Bethlehem Ephratah, though thou be little Jeffery Bullock has done, because judgment is among the thousands of Judah, out of thee gone forth against him for denying that Christ shall he come forth, who shall be ruler of my that died at Jerusalem to be the Judge and people Israel, whose goings forth have been Saviour; who, having denied him in his work- from of old, from everlasting.' So he that ings for our salvation, we cannot think it came out of Bethlehem, was he that died at strange to see him inveighing against the min- Jerusalem, who is the ruler that judges and isters and elders, and the form and order in condemns, who was from everlasting. So the the church, established by the Lord and his Gentiles who were in the world before that power in them." body came in it, need not perish for want of salvation; for his goings forth were from of old, from everlasting; and God's anointed is spoken of, which is Christ, before his coming in that body."

"And as to our testimony to that Christ that died without the gates at Jerusalem, we are glad for the truth and our sake, thou hast printed it, and our dealings with thee in that particular, concerning the opposition to us in Thou tellest 66 us, Only all the world was it, and we can leave it to the witness of God freed from their offerings for sin by that one in the consciences of them who see it; and offering, and that only has an also too, they thy seeming answer is somewhat answered in were outwardly reconciled by the death of his what is already written; and I am willing to Son." And was not he who was the one offeradd this further, seeing thou thinkest thou arting for sin, that ended all other offerings, the yet unanswered, and also for the sake of the justifier, condemner, and Saviour? Why did