Imágenes de páginas
PDF
EPUB

simum, sed molestissimum tamen; neque נְטֵה אֶת־מַטְךְ וְהַךְ אֶת־עֲפַר הָאָרֶץ

Down pon-bea ca

εἶπε δὲ κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν. εἶπον Ααρών, ἔκτεινον τῇ χειρὶ τὴν ῥάβδον σου, καὶ πάταξον τὸ χῶμα τῆς γῆς, καὶ ἔσονται σκνίφες ἔντε τοῖς ἀνθρώποις, καὶ ἐν τοῖς τετράποσι, καὶ ἐν πάσῃ γῇ Αἰγύπτου.

Au. Ver.-16 And the LORD said unto Moses, Say unto Aaron, Stretch out thy rod, and smite the dust of the land, that it may become lice throughout all the land of Egypt.

Stretch out thy rod. So the Heb.

Pool.-Lice, so the Hebrew word is rendered by all the Jewish and most other interpreters.

enim solam superficiem lædit, injucundos et valde noxios pruritus excitans, verum et in interiora per aures naresque penetrat. Oculorum quoque pupillas infestat involans, nisi quis sibi caveat. Origenes in Homil. III. in Exod.: Hoc animal pennis quidem suspenditur per aëra volitans; sed ita subtile est et minutum, ut oculi visum nisi acute cernentis effugiat; corpus tamen cum insederit, acerrime terebrat stimulo, ita ut quem volitantem videre quis non valeat, sentiat stimulantem. quibus descriptionibus Oedmannus (Vermischte Sammll. a. d. Naturkunde, etc. p. 1.

E

Ged., Booth.-Stretch out thine hand cap. 6) magna veri specie collegit, sciniphes with thy rod in it [Sam., LXX]. s. ciniphes eandem esse culicum speciem, quæ Linneo est culex pulicaris s. reptans, ad quam speciem et referendus culex Cypri minimus subfuscus Hasselquisti (Itiner., p. 470, vers. teut.), et culex molestus Forskalii, qui in Descript. Animall., p. 85. Rosettæ, Cahiræ, et Alexandriæ culicem immensa copia esse ait, nocte in

eum

Bp. Patrick.-Smite the dust of the land, that it may become lice.] Some would have the Hebrew word cinnim to signify gnats, or some such kind of creature. Thus many of the ancients understand it: and Artapanus commodum dormientibus, et vix arcendum, calls it óv T πтŋνóν, “a flying sort of nisi cortina bene clausa. Ejusmodi insecta living creature:" which made such ulcers by vulgo voce Hispanica Mosquites vocantur. its biting, as no medicine could cure (see Nec loco huic Mosaico convenire possunt, Eusebius, lib. ix. Præpar. Evang., p. 425). nisi insecta minutissima et infinite copiosa, But Bochartus hath sufficiently proved that qualia sunt sciniphes, quandoquidem pulvis our translation is right; and that out of the omnis Egypti in mutatus dicitur. Cf. very text. For gnats, and such-like insects, quæ notavimus ad Bocharti Hieroz., t. iii., are bred in fenny places, but these were p. 448, 457, sqq., atque quæ ex itinerariis brought out of the dust of the earth. attulit Eichhornius (de Ægypti anno mirabili, Rosen., Gesen., Ged., Booth.-Gnats. p. 49). Et is quidem p. 51, dicit, si vocapl. Exod. viii. 13, 14 (17, 18); Ps. bulum Hebræum efferamus, et sono Alex. okvipes. Vulg., sciniphes, a Chnim substituamus sonum Cnip, ex perkind of little gnats that sting painfully, in mutatione M et P linguis Semiticis perquam the marshy country of Egypt (Culex reptans familiari, habere nos ipsum animalculi Linn., or culex molestus Forsk.). Comp. nomen domesticum. Scriptorem Exodi, Philo (de vita Mosis, L. P. II. p. 97, ed. inquit, extulisse, nec voluisse pro Mangey). Oedmann verm. Samml. aus der signo numeri plur. masc. generis haberi, Naterkunde, H. I. cap. 6. dubitari non potest ex eo, quod nomini □ɔɔ verbum sing. numeri ubique junxit. Scriptionem (a singulari ) vitiosam esse,

cv. 31.

The Jewish interpreters and Josephus (Archæol., ii. 14, § 3) explain it less probably, by lice, hence in Talmud, , a louse, Eichhornius ratione satis probabili ostendit. Bochart follows the latter interpretation, Hieroz., ii., p. 572, &c.-Gesen.

Rosen.-12, sive, uti nomen plene scribitur, vs. 13, 14, , et bis ibid., Hebræi pediculos esse volunt. At LXX, quibus in re Ægyptia magna est auctoritas, interpretantur σkvipes, quo nomine culicum quædam species significatur, adstipulante Philone, et ipso Ægyptio, in libro de vita Mosis, t. ii., p. 97, ed Mang., ubi sciniphes, s. ciniphes ita describit: Animal est minutis

Ver. 17.

Au. Ver. And they did so; for Aaron stretched out his hand with his rod, and smote the dust of the earth, and it became lice in man, and in beast; all the dust of the land became lice throughout all the land of Egypt.

Lice. See note on verse 16.
Egypt.

Ged., Booth.-Egypt.

And the gnats

were both on man and on beast [transposed the houses of the Egyptians shall be full of from verse 18]. swarms of flies, and also the ground whereon they are.

Heb., 15; Au. Ver. 19.

[ocr errors]

δάκτυλος θεοῦ ἐστι τοῦτο.

Au. Ver.-19 Then the magicians said unto Pharaoh, This is the finger of God. Of God.

Ged., Booth. Of a God.

Pool.-Swarms of flies; Heb., a mixture of insects or flies, as appears from Psal. lxxviii. 45, which were of various kinds, as bees, wasps, gnats, hornets, &c., infinite in their numbers, and doubtless larger and more venomous and pernicious than the common

ones were.

Pool. The finger is put either synecBp. Patrick.-Behold, I will send swarms dochically for the hand, as it is Exod. of flies upon thee, &c.] The Hebrew word xxxi. 18; Psal. viii. 3; cxliv. 1; or meta-arob being generally thought to come from a phorically for the power or virtue, as Luke word which signifies to mingle; interpreters xi. 20, compared with Matt. xii. 28. Of commonly think it denotes a mixture of several God; of that supreme God, whom both the sorts of creatures. And some take it, as we seem here to do, for all manner of flies; Egyptians and other heathen idolaters acknowledged as superior to all men, and idols, which Aquila calls nauuviav, all sorts of and devils. This they said, lest they should insects. Others take it, as it is in our margin, be thought inferior to Moses and Aaron in for a mixture of noisome beasts: and so the magical art. [So Rosen.] author of the Life and Death of Moses;

Bp. Patrick. This is the finger of God.] The same with what is called, in other places of Scripture, the hand of God (Psal. cix. 27), that is, his power. There are those (particularly Bochartus) who think these magicians did not, by these words, give glory to God: but thought to save their own credit with Pharaoh, by telling him

that it was not Moses or Aaron who were
too hard for them, but a Divine power
superior to them all.
To this purpose
Jonathan.

Au. Ver.-Lo.

Ver. 20.

God sent lions, wolves, bears, and leopards, and such like wild beasts, which killed not only their cattle in the field, but their children in their houses. And so Josephus expounds it, Onpía Tavтоîa κаì поλÚτρожα. But Bochartus hath confuted this notion by very good arguments, in his Hierozoicon (par. ii., lib. iv., cap. 15), where he shows no word has more significations than the Hebrew word arab : which signifies not only to mingle, but among many other things, to obscure and darken. From whence the even-time is called ereb. And therefore, with great reason, he approves of the LXX version, who translate it κvvóμvia, "a flesh

Ged., Booth. For lo [two MSS. read fly," very bold and troublesome; being not

Heb., 17; Au. Ver., 21.

easily driven away: which infests dogs very much, especially about the flaps of their Some take it for that large black fly which fastens upon beasts, and sucks their

,[ יהנה

[ocr errors]

ἐὰν δὲ μὴ βούλει ἐξαποστεῖλαι τὸν λαόν μου, ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ ἐξαποστέλλω ἐπὶ σὲ, καὶ ἐπὶ τοὺς θεράποντάς σου, καὶ ἐπὶ τὸν λαόν σου, καὶ ἐπὶ τοὺς οἴκους ὑμῶν κυνόμυιαν. καὶ πλησθήσονται αἱ οἰκίαι τῶν Αἰγυπτίων τῆς κυνομυίης, καὶ εἰς τὴν γῆν ἐφ ̓ ἧς εἰσιν ἐπ ̓ αὐτῆς.

Au. Ver.-21 Else, if thou wilt not let my people go, behold, I will send swarms of flies [or, a mixture of noisome beasts, &c.] upon thee, and upon thy servants, and upon thy people, and into thy houses and

Philo describes this fly, called cynomya, that it is as impudent as a dog; and makes its assaults with great violence, like a dart; fastening its teeth so deep in the flesh, and sticking so close that it makes cattle run mad.

This plague the Jews say (in the forenamed book of the Life of Moses) was sent upon the Egyptians, because of the hard service they made the Israelites undergo, in feeding their cattle.

Ged., Booth.-Beetles. [Ged., probably the Blatta Ægyptiaca.]

Gesen.- m. the fourth plague in Egypt,

the name of a noxious insect (comp. the populo, S

Arab.

عرب

muscarum

ne unus quidem reto consume), perhaps blatta mansit, quod nonnisi certo animalis generi convenit. Neque quale animalis genus Orientalis seu Ægyptia, Linn. Die Kaker-nomine designetur multum quærere lake, Küchenschabe (Edmann's Verm. Samm- necesse fuerit, si Alexandrino interpreti, lungen, H. II. p. 150. Michaelis Supplem., rerum Ægyptiarum peritissimo, fidem haNo. 1962), one of the most troublesome bemus, qui illud κvvóμviav, muscam caninam plagues in all parts of the world, and par- exponit. Nomen nactum esse hoc muscarum ticularly in Egypt. Jerome, omne genus genus ab impudentia, ait Philo de vita Mosis, (probably from 1 to mix). t. ii., p. 101. ed. Mangey: Sine metu enim But that is not to be considered as a involant et irruunt, ac si abigas, pervicaci nom. coll., but indicates a certain species of tamen pertinacia obnituntur, donec sanguine animal, is evident from Exod. viii. 29, 31. et carne exsatiatæ fuerint. Cynomyia igitur, Prof. Lee.-, m.—pl. non occ. Aquila, utriusque animantis (canis et muscæ) adscita ñáμμvia, ñáμμikтOS. Symm. кvvóμvia. So audacia, audax et insidiosa bestia est; nam e LXX. To the latter Bochart. inclines (Hie-longinquo, in teli morem, cum stridore fertur, roz. ii., lib. iv., c. xv., p. 553. Musca canina, et magno impetu ruens (cuti) maxime inhæret. sive tabanus. The gad-bee, ox-fly, or dun- Ex his quæ Philo aliique veterum de κvvóμvia fly. The Jews, generally, all manner of scribunt, magna cum veri specie colligitur, noxious animals, as lions, bears, serpents, esse illam tabani speciem. Edmannus 66 Jerome, omne genus muscarum.' Auth. Vers., "swarms of flies." Others, otherwise. The probability is strong, that it is the generic name of some sort of noxious fly; but what that is, it is impossible to say. St. John seems to have had his eye on this plague, when he spoke of it as consisting of locusts. (Rev. ix. 3, seq.) It is true, Exod. x. 4, is usually referred to here; but, it should be observed, in that place, the destruction of the produce of the land only is had in view; here the injury of men. It is not improbable the fly was so called

&c.

غرب

[ocr errors]

from its property to injure. Arab.
acutior pars, et nitor dentium; gladii acies;
acuitas; alacritas, Exod. viii. 17, 18, 20,
25, 26; Ps. lxxviii. 45; cv. 31.

Rosen., Ecce immitto in te,

quidem in d. vermischt. Sammll., p. ii., cap. 7,
Germanis Kakerlak) designare contendit;
perblattam Orientalem Linn. (Belgis et
sed blatta orientalis non proxime, sed re-
motius hominibus nocet, est quidem vexatio
domestica, non vero humana, rebus esculentis
inhæret, non hominibus, quum tamen
hominibus fore cruciatui, expressis verbis
h. 1. dicatur.

[ocr errors]

etiam humus super quæ illæ erunt. IND
Mendelii fil, indicare ait loca, quibus nullæ
domus erant.
iisque opponitur.

Flies.

distinguitur בָתֵּי מִצְרַיִם Sane a

Ver. 23, 24, 29, 31.

See note on verse 21.

Heb., 18, 19; Au. Ver., 22, 23.

[ocr errors]

s. concito in te, coll. Deut. xxxii. 24.bab mby Tay lay
Dicit igitur Jova, se concitaturum esse
contra Pharaonem, ejus ministros et totam
a miscendi

interpretantur miscellaneam animalium nox- 22 καὶ παραδοξάσω ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ τὴν
iorum multitudinem. Jonathan : mixtam γῆν Γεσέμ, ἐφ ̓ ἧς ὁ λαός μου ἔπεστι ἐπ' αὐτῆς,
turbam ferarum. Aquila, παμμνιαν reddidit, ἐφ ̓ ἧς οὐκ ἔσται ἑκεῖ ἡ κυνόμυια. ἵνα εἰδῇς,
quem sequutus Hieronymus omne genus ὅτι ἐγώ εἰμι κύριος ὁ θεὸς πάσης τῆς γῆς.
muscarum, et muscas diversi generis, atque 23 kai dwσw diaσтoλǹv ȧvà μéσov тoù éμoû
muscam omnimodam vertit. Arabs uterque : λαοῦ, καὶ ἀνὰ μέσον τοῦ σοῦ λαοῦ.
ἐν δὲ τῇ
mistura ferarum. Jarchi: omnes species αὔριον ἔσται τοῦτο ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς.
malarum bestiarum, et serpentum, et scor- Au. Ver.-22 And I will sever in that
pionum inter se permixtas. Sed quo minus day the land of Goshen, in which my people
nomine insectorum colluvies intelligatur, dwell, that no swarms of flies shall be there;
obstat, quod vs. 27, dicitur:
amovit to the end thou mayest know that I am the

Arobum a Pharaone, a servis ejus et ejus LORD in the midst of the earth.

[ocr errors]

23 And I will put a division [Heb., a re- |(quod plene scribitur, Ps. cxi. 9; demption] between my people and thy cxxx. 7), exponit distinctionem, et similiter people: to-morrow [or, by to-morrow] shall this sign be.

Ged. But I will, on that day, so distinguish the land of Goshen in which my own people dwell that not a beetle shall be there; to the end thou mayest know, that I, the Lord, am in the midst of the land, and make a distinction between my own people and thy people. To-morrow shall this sign happen.

After the 23d verse, Ken., Ged., and Booth. supply from the Sam., "And Moses and Aaron went in unto Pharaoh, and said to him, Let [Sam., Ged., Thus saith the Lord, Let, &c.] my people go, that they may serve me. But if thou wilt not let my people go, behold, I will send a swarm of beetles upon thee and upon thy servants, and upon thy people, and into thy houses ; and the houses of the Egyptians shall be full of beetles, and also the ground whereon they stand. And I will separate, in that day, the land of Goshen, in which my people dwell, that not a beetle shall be there; to the end thou mayest know that I am Jehovah in the midst of the earth; And I will make a division between my people and thy people. To-morrow shall this sign

be."

Gesen. considers this an interpolation. See notes on vii. 18 and xi.

Rosen. Et separabo in die illo terram Gosen, in qua populus meus stat, habitat, ut non sit ibi cynomyia. (a) separabo, s. distinguam, i.e., faciam, ut terra Gosen ea plaga immunis sit. Ita et ix. 4. At LXX, Tapadoέáσw Thν ynu Teoèp, quod Hieronymus faciamque mirabilem in die illa terram Gosen vertit. Hi interpretes retulerunt ad, quæ etsi proprie non differat a, tamen in Hiphil adhiberi solet significatu mirabile faciendi.

LXX, diaorodny,

eosque sequutus Hieronymus divisionem. Ceterum his verbis Mendelii fil. non plane idem, quod vs. 18, immunem fuisse terram Gosen ab illa plaga, dici existimat, sed hoc potius, animalia ista noxia, y dicta, nec Israelitis inter medios Ægyptios versantibus nocuisse. Et idem ad verba ng my ph in crastinum futurum est signum hoc, bene notat, id dici ideo, ut intelligat rex, non casu fortuito illud eventurum, sed Deo ita disponente; cf. ad.ix. 5.

Heb., 20; Au. Ver., 24. TN 12 ǹim wya b

[ocr errors]

ἐποίησε δὲ κύριος οὕτως. καὶ παρεγένετο ἡ κυνόμυια πλῆθος εἰς τοὺς οἴκους Φαραὼ, καὶ εἰς τοὺς οἴκους τῶν θεραπόντων αὐτοῦ, καὶ εἰς πᾶσαν τὴν γῆν Αἰγύπτου. καὶ ἐξωλοθρεύθη ἡ yn ảñò tŷs kvvoμvíns.

Au. Ver.-24 And the LORD did so; and there came a grievous swarm of flies into the house of Pharaoh, and into his servants' houses, and into all the land of Egypt: the land was corrupted by reason of the swarm of flies.

A grievous swarm of flies.

Ged., Booth.-A very [Sam.] grievous swarm of beetles.

The land was corrupted, &c.

Ged., Booth. So that [Sam., LXX, Syr., Vulg.] the land was ravaged by the beetles.

Pool. A grievous swarm of flies; Heb., a heavy mixture of flies. Heavy, i.e., either great, as this Hebrew word is used, Gen. xli. 31; Isa. xxxii. 2, or mischievous and troublesome; or rather, numerous, as it is taken, Gen. L. 9; Numb. xi. 14; 1 Kings iii. 9, compared with 2 Chron. i. 10. The Ut cognoscas, me esse Jovam in medio terræ. land, i.e., either the fruits or products of Metaphora sumpta a regibus, qui sedem the land; or rather, the inhabitants of the habere solent in medio regni, ut omnibus land, as the word land is taken, Gen. xli. 36; undiquaque finibus ex æquo sint propinqui. 1 Sam. xxvii. 9: many of the people were Deus autem in medio eorum potissimum poisoned or stung to death by them, as adesse dicitur, quibus favet, ut xvii. 7; appears from Psal. lxxviii. 45. See also Deut. vii. 21; xxiii. 15. 19 the Book of Wisdom, chap. xvi. 9.

Te ry, Et ponam redemtionem, libera- Bp. Patrick.—The land was corrupted by tionem, inter populum meum et inter populum reason of the swarm of flies.] We are to tuum. Quum id ipsum, quod Israelitæ understand here, by the land, the inhabitants liberi essent a plaga cynomyiarum, dis- of the land: whose blood these flies sucked, tingueret eos ab Ægyptiis, Aben-Esra and left such a poison in it, that their bodies

So the tion to the Egyptians, would they not stone
There us? 27, Let us go, &c.

swelled, and many of them died.
Psalmist understood it (lxxviii. 45).
is something like this recorded in heathen
stories; particularly, they say, that when
Trajan made war upon the Agarans, he was
so assaulted with flies, when he sat down to
eat, that he looked upon them as sent by
God, and desisted from his enterprise. And
that whole countries have been infested with
them, appears from a number of gods that
were worshipped, because they were sup-
posed to have driven them away, at Acaron,
and several other places mentioned by the
learned Huetius (in the place above quoted),
from whence came the names of Jupiter,
'Anóμvios and Muiódŋs, and of Hercules,
Μύαγρος, &c.

Venitque cynomyia

Rosen.-2012 gravis, i.e., venerunt multæ et copiosæ. Nam haud raro multum, copiosum valere constat, vid. ix. 1; x. 14; Habac. iii. 3; 1 Reg. iii. 9. Elliptice hoc vs. scriptum legitur pro . Deficit nonnunquam

T

[blocks in formation]

And the Lord.

Ver. 4.

Ged.—And in that day [so most copies of LXX] the Lord.

Au. Ver. And the LORD shall sever ratione sensus et ex usu linguæ. between the cattle of Israel and the cattle , Corrumpebatur terra propter of Egypt: and there shall nothing die of all cynomyiam. Terra pro ejus incolis, qui that is the children's of Israel. gravissime illis muscis vexabantur. Sic Ps. Ixxviii. 45, misit inter eos cynomyiam, quæ eos consumsit. Sed Clericus quod hoc loco dicitur non tantum de hominum corporibus intelligendum putat, verum et, ac magis adhuc, de victibus, quos invadere solent muscæ, in iisque ova deponere, e quibus mox nascuntur vermes, quo fit, ut esculenta putiscant, et a vermibus absumantur.

Ver. 25.

Au. Ver.-In the land.

Rosen., Ged., Booth.-In this land.

Ver. 26, 27.

Au. Ver.-26 And Moses said, It is not meet so to do; for we shall sacrifice the abomination of the Egyptians to the LORD our God: lo, shall we sacrifice the abomination of the Egyptians before their eyes, and will they not stone us?

27 We will go three days' journey into the wilderness, and sacrifice to the LORD our God, as he shall command us.

Ged., Booth.-26 But Moses said, It is not proper to do so. For the sacrifices which we offer to the Lord [Heb., Booth., Jehovah] our God are an abomination to the Egyptians. Behold, should we, before their eyes, offer sacrifices, which are an abomina

Isruel.

Ged. The children of [so LXX, Arab., and one MS.] Israel.

Egypt.

LXX, Ged., Booth.-The Egyptians. Contrary to the vowel points.

[ocr errors][merged small][ocr errors]

καὶ ἔδωκεν ὁ θεὸς ὅρον, λέγων. ἐν τῇ αὔριον onσei kúpios tò pîμa toûto èñì tŷs yûs.

Au. Ver.-5 And the LORD appointed a set time, saying, To-morrow the LORD shall do this thing in the land.

Ged., Booth.-The Lord [Heb., Booth., Jehovah] hath also appointed the time saying, To-morrow will the Lord [Heb., Booth., Jehovah] do this thing in the land.

After this verse, Ken., Ged., and Booth. supply from the Sam. Pent., "And Moses and Aaron went to Pharaoh, and said to him, Thus saith Jehovah, Let my people For if thou go, that they may serve me. refuse to let them go, and wilt still detain them, behold the hand of Jehovah shall be

« AnteriorContinuar »