deficiency from the parallel passage, chap. | tion of the people. Comp. No. 3. Luther, xxxviii. 16. Stiftshütte, i.e., seat of covenant, Greek 18 The length of the court shall be a σkηn μаprvpiov, Lat., tabernaculum testihundred cubits, and its breadth fifty cubits monii, according to the derivation from T [Sam.], and its height five cubits. The testari, comp. pp, the tent of the hangings of the court, all about, shall be of law. Numb. ix. 15. twisted cotton. And the bases of their Pool. The tabernacle of the congregation pillars shall be of brass; but the hooks of was so called, because there the people used their pillars and their fillets [Ged., but to meet not only one with another, but with their tenter-hooks] of silver; and their God also. See Exod. xxv. 22; Numb. capitals shall be overlaid with silver; and xvii. 4. Others render it, in the tabernacle all the pillars of the court shall be filleted of witness, because there God declared his [Ged., sheathed] with silver. mind and will, and man's duty. Without the veil, to wit, the second veil, in the holy place. Before the testimony; a short speech for before the ark of the testimony, as it is elsewhere more largely called: compare Ver. 19. Au. Ver.—19 All the vessels of the tabernacle in all the service thereof, and all the pins thereof, and all the pins of the court, shall be of brass. Bp. Horsley.-For, read, with the . ועשית את כל כלי,Samaritan Exod. xxv. 16. CHAP. XXVIII. 1. וְאַתָּה הַקְרֵב אֵלֶיךָ אֶת־אַהֲרֹן וגו' καὶ σὺ προσαγάγου πρὸς σεαυτὸν τόν τε Ααρών, κ.τ.λ. Au. Ver.-1 And take thou unto thee Aaron thy brother, and his sons with him, Ithamar, Aaron's sons. Pool.-Take thou unto thee; cause them before them and before the people declare to come near unto thee, that thou mayest the will of God herein, and solemnly set them apart for his office. Rosen., Booth.-And appoint next to thyself Aaron, &c. as Le Clerc has, הקרב אליך The words observed, should not be understood of place, but of dignity and rank. Moses, as the leader, and divinely commissioned lawgiver, occupied the chief dignity and honour; and Aaron and his sons, as enjoying the priesthood, are to be the second in rank.-Booth. loco, sed de dignitate sermo est, et sigRosen.-Accedere jube ad te. Non de nificatur, fore Aaronem ejusque filios Mosi ., e ceteris Israelitis. proximos dignitate; sequitur enim * So most commentators. Ged., a stated tax it shall be from, &c. Heb., Diy 21 Tabernacle of the congregation. Gesen., the tent of congregation, for the tabernacle. According to Exod. xxv. 22; Numb. xvii. 19. (, I will there meet with thee), it would be the tent of meeting (of God with Moses), hence, tent of communication, oracle tent, but perhaps it also signifies the (festival) tent of the congrega δύο ἐπωμίδες συνέχουσαι ἔσονται αὐτῷ ἑτέρα τὴν ἑτέραν, ἐπὶ τοῖς δυσὶ μέρεσιν ἐξηρτημέναι. Au. Ver.-7 It shall have the two shoulder-pieces thereof joined at the two edges thereof; and so it shall be joined together. Ged. Its two shoulder-pieces shall be joined to it. At its two extremities shall the joining be. I read with Sam. not 2 the present Hebrew reading. Perhaps ram is still a better reading, and seems to have been that of Sept., Vulg., and Saad. thereof; even of gold, of blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine twined linen. Bp. Horsley. The curious girdle; perhaps, the facing. But see chap. xxix. Bp. Patrick. The word chosheb, which we translate curious girdle, signifies it was of such artificial work as the ephod itself was. And it seems to have been two strings (as we may call them) which went out of each side of it, and tied it to their bodies, under their arm-holes, about the heart. So the high-priest had two girdles; that belt (as we may call it) which tied his coat to him; and this girdle, which tied the fore-part and hinder-part of the ephod together. It is called the girdle of the ephod, because it was annexed to those two cloths, and not to the shoulder-pieces. Shall be of the same.] Or, out of it: to signify that the girdle was woven together with the ephod, and went out of it. So Jarchi and Abarbinel. According to the work.] This signifies it was to be made of the same matter, and woven after the same manner, with all the ornaments of the ephod itself; having all those five colours in it, mentioned ver. 4, and here repeated again. Pool. Of the same; either, 1. Of the same piece; or rather, 2. Of the same kind of materials and workmanship, as the following words explain it. Ged., Booth. And the fancy-work of the shoulder-pieces, which are on it, shall be of the same materials with itself, of gold, &c. The fancy work of the shoulder-pieces. Instead of EN I read EN in the plural, with the Sept., who render it by the same word as they had before employed to express Those shoulder-pieces were little ephods annexed to the large one. They who render the word by band, zone, or belt, seem not to have attended to the context. They were probably deceived by Onk. and Syr., who probably mistook for wì, or read Booth. Its two shoulder-pieces shall be. joined to it; at its two edges shall they be joined. Ver. 8. the latter in their copies. And this indeed מִמֶּנּוּ יִהְיֶה זָהָב תְּכֵלֶת וְאַרְגָּמָן וְתוֹלַעַת seems to have been the reading of the other interpreters, except Vulg. and Gr. Ven., of which the former has tertura, the latter λογισμα. Of modern interpreters the greater part have belt, girdle, cincture; and among these is Michaelis: but Le Clerc and Dathe, in my opinion, very properly contend that has never that signification. The version of the former is: Textura etiam partis oppositæ, quæ adjicietur, ex ipso erit, &c.: that of the latter, Et textura anteriori parti | significare opus polymitarium, hinc h. 1. opposita ex eadem materia sit. They both texturam; vocabulai proprie suppose that E denotes the posterior part sic esse reddenda: Aphudæ ejus quæ præter of the ephod, in opposition to the anterior. illud, particulam enim ✈ h. 1. præter notare, Houbigant's translation is: Et textura limbi ut Gen. xxxi. 50; Lev. xviii. 8; Num. ejus, qui super eum erit. This meaning of vi. 20; Deut. xix. 9, TN hic dici anteriorem EN he derives from the Arabic N ter- partem, quæ pectus, posteriorem, quæ minus; but I cannot but agree with Dathe dorsum tegebat. Unde sic vertit: Textura that this is a forced etymon. On the whole etiam partis opposita, quæ adjicietur, ex I am persuaded that the Septuagint have ipso erit ejusdemque operis. Ita h. 1. LXX. given the true meaning; and that here Et Vulgatus: Ipsa quoque textura et ipsa denotes shoulder-pieces which were affixed operis varietas erit ex auro. to the ephod for greater ornament, somewhat like our epaulettes.-Ged. Gesen.-, m. Girdle of the ephod, or of the high priest's garment for the breast: and shoulder, so called from its being made of damask (see 1, No. 5). Exod. xxviii. 8, 27, 28; xxix. 5; xxxix. 5, 20, 21; Levit. viii. 7: TENT in, and girded him with the girdle of the ephod. TEN, the putting on of the ephod, prop. inf. of EN. Exod. xxviii. 8: ON ION Blue, purple, &c. See notes on xxv. 4. Ver. 9. Au. Ver.-9 And thou shalt take two onyx stones, and grave on them the names of the children of Israel. Ged., Booth.-And, &c. The names of the children of Israel according to their birth [transposed from verse 10]. Ver. 11. with it (the ephod) is girded, which is over it, &c. מַעֲשֶׂה חָרַשׁ אֶבֶן פִּתּוּחֵי חֹתָם -and the girdle of its girdling, i.e., where , עָלָיו Prof. Lee.-, m. pl. non occ. dn: reputavit. Arab., id. حَسِبَ , putavit, opinatus fuit. Lit. thought, device. The belt, or girdle, of the ephod ; so called, probably, from its being richly wrought with devices in needle-work, Exod. xxviii. 27, 28; xxix. 5; xxxix. 20, 21; Lev. viii. 7, &c. Comp. Exod. xxvi. 1. Joseph. Antiq., lib. iii., cap. vii., § 4, (vn περισφίγγεται βάμμασιν......διαπεποικιλμένῃ, χρυσοῦ συνυφασμένου. EN, f. q. d. Ephodized, i.e., made like an ephod: clothing so made, Exod. xxviii. 8; xxxix. 5; Is. xxx. 22. From this last passage, it should seem that some such clothing was put upon the idols. -dis וְחֵשֶׁב אֲפִדָּתוֹ אֲשֶׁר עָלָיו Rosen.-De verbis sentiunt interpretes, maxime ob vocem : sic vertunt: et cingulum amiculi וְחֵשֶׁב יִהְיֶה ἔργον λιθουργικῆς τέχνης. γλύμμα σφρα yidos diayλúveis Tous duo Xitous enì Tois ὀνόμασι τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραήλ. Au. Ver.-11 With the work of an engraver in stone, like the engravings of a signet, shalt thou engrave the two stones with the names of the children of Israel: thou shalt make them to be set in ouches of gold. Ged.-Thou shalt engrave on the two stones the names of the sons of Israel. Lit., Thou shalt open the two stones over the names of the sons of Israel; which seems to indicate that the names were first marked on the stones, and the parts thus marked carved out. Bp. Horsley. And thou shalt make them to be set in ouches of gold. Literally, with surroundings of studs of gold shalt thou make them. Gesen., Prof. Lee.-, settings for precious stones. Ver. 12. Au. Ver.-12 And thou shalt put the two ejusdem operis erit ex ipso amiculo progre- stones upon the shoulders of the ephod for diens. Nam haud diversum ab TN stones of memorial unto the children of putamus. Clericus putat vocem semper Israel: and Aaron shall bear their names before the LORD upon his two shoulders for setting limits, bounding, &c., Exodus a memorial. xxviii. 22, and xxxix. 15, chains, or lace borders, to divide the different rows of jewels on the breast-plate. Comp. rapp xxviii. 14. Others, æqualiter terminatæ, of equal length, but in which the first signification is arbitrarily admitted. Others, chains, ornamentally formed, from, Syriac and Arabic, to form. Professor Lee.-nibaap, i.q., parently. Devices. See n. naba, ap 2, f. Syr. Arabic signifies ropes, Ps. ii. 3, to which : nyawan-by nhby những καὶ ποιήσεις δύο κροσσωτὰ ἐκ χρυσίου chains, i.e., woven work representing chains, καθαροῦ, καταμεμιγμένα ἐν ἄνθεσιν, ἔργον sufficiently well corresponds. See r. 729. πλοκῆς. καὶ ἐπιθήσεις τὰ κροσσωτὰ τὰ πεπ- Gesenius, therefore, is wrong in making λeyμéva ènì tàs domidiokas, katà ràs maрωμίδας αὐτῶν ἐκ τῶν ἐμπροσθίων. Au. Ver.-14 And two chains of pure gold at the ends; of wreathen work shalt thou make them, and fasten the wreathen chains to the ouches. Ged., Booth. And two chains of pure gold; of equal length, and of wreathen work shalt thou make them; and the two wreathen chains shalt thou fasten to the clasps. גבל Nor does and ning synonymous. signify torsit, either in Hebrew or in any one of the dialects: his opus tortile, therefore, as given to explain this word, is manifestly erroneous. Nor does Exod. xxviii. 14, nor the rendering of the LXX tend in the least to confirm his view of the question. The whole is therefore groundless. Rosen.-14 plerique vertunt determinationes a terminavit, fines descripsit, intelliguntque catenas determinatas et Of equal length, man. Evidently de- aptæ longitudinis, vel æqualis longitudinis. rived from 22, but what precise meaning it Michaelis in Suppl., p. 251, putat has here it is hard to say. I have followed significare crassitudinem, ut catenæ crasthat which appears to be most agreeable to situdinis essent catena crassiores. Verum the context, and in which it was understood vidisse Jarchium arbitror, qui catenulas by both Arabs; for I cannot fall in with the illas r appellatas dicit, quod conjunctæ opinion of Michaelis, that the thickness of essent termino, seu extremitati pectoralis : the chains is hereby indicated. The Sep- ad finem termini pectoralis facies eas. tuagint seem to have read another word in their copy, or to have had in view the Chald. meaning, miscuit, as they render καταμεμιγμένα εν ανθεσιν, intermingled with flowers. Vulg., sibi invicem cohærentes; Houbigant: forma tortili implexas; Junius: æquabiles; Dathe: æquales.-Ged. Ver. 15. See notes on xxvi. 1, and xxv. 4. Ver. 17-20. Gesen.-nap, plur. fem. properly confines, boundaries, Exod. xxviii. 14. See n.2018 , feminine. Probably, the act of 19 20 ; of interpreters take it for the smaragdus לֶשֶׁם שְׁבוֹ וְאַחְלָמָה : radiant of all other stones : and therefore הָרְבִיעִי תַּרְשִׁישׁ וְשֹׁהַם וְיָשְׁפָה •TT 17 καὶ καθυφανεῖς ἐν αὐτῷ ὕφασμα κατάλιθον τετράστιχον. στίχος λίθων ἔσται, σάρ διον, τοπάζιον, καὶ σμαραγδος, ὁ στίχος ὁ εἷς. 18 καὶ ὁ στίχος ὁ δεύτερος, ἄνθραξ, καὶ σάπφειρος, καὶ ἴασπις. 19 καὶ ὁ στίχος ὁ βηρύλλιον, which good authors describe as the most called, perhaps, bareketh, from its extraordinary splendour; for barak signifies to glitter (Ezek. xxi. 10). Prof. Lee.-, f. it. n. Lit., flashing. A sort of precious stone, Exod. xxviii. 17; Ezek. xxviii. 13, according to τρίτος, λιγύριον, ἀχάτης, ἀμέθυστος. 20 some, the Emerald. The Syr. 12, Exod. καὶ ὁ στίχος ὁ τέταρτος, χρυσόλιθος, καὶ is, however, according to Castell, a carKaì ỏνúxιOV, TEρikeкaλνμμévаa buncle. So Lud. de Dieu. Grotius makes χρυσίῳ, συνδεδεμένα ἐν χρυσίῳ. ἔστωσαν it the Chrysolite. See Braun. de Vestitu κατὰ στίχον αὐτῶν. Sacerd., p. 548. Au. Ver.-17 And thou shalt set in it settings of stones [Heb., fill in it fillings of stone], even four rows of stones: the first row shall be a sardius [or, ruby], a topaz, and a carbuncle: this shall be the first row. 18 And the second row shall be an emerald, a sapphire, and a diamond. Au. Ver.-An emerald. Rosen., Ged., Booth.-Carbuncle. Gesen., Prof. Lee.-, m. A precious stone, but of what kind is uncertain. Bp. Patrick.-The Hebrew word nophech, which we translate emerald, is by most interpreters taken to signify a carbuncle. 19 And the third row a ligure, an agate, Some of which stones are white; but the and an amethyst. 20 And the fourth row a beryl, and an onyx, and a jasper: they shall be set in gold in their inclosings [Heb., fillings]. Sardius. So Vulg., Patrick, Rosen. Prof. Lee.is, A ruby, or, according to some, a cornelian; LXX, σápdiov, Syr. Lascam, Chald. PP. Epiphanius, as quoted by Simonis, styles it aiμaroeidns, and compares it with the σάρδιον αἱματόεν of Orpheus. See Braun. de Vestitu Sacerdot.; lib. ii., p. 501, &c.; Exodus xxviii. 17; xxxix. 10; Ezek. xxviii. 13. Au. Ver.-Topaz. So Rosen., Ged., Booth. most excellent of all other are red, shining like fire, or a burning coal: whence the name of carbuncle, from carbo, a hot coal. And to this the Hebrew word nophech agrees; which Braunius ingeniously conjectures comes from phuch, which signifies that red wherewith women painted their faces (2 Kings ix. 30). And, in short, he takes it for that stone which we now call a ruby. And so Abarbinel translates it, and Luther also (vide lib. ii. cap. 11). Rosen.- vetustissimi interpretes, LXX, Josephus, Epiphanius vertunt avopaέ, carbunculus, quo veteres rubinum intellexisse videntur; cf. ad Ez. xxvii. 16, et Bellermann, pag. 43. Au. Ver.-A sapphire. So most comGesen.-, fem. a precious stone, jewel.mentators. Exod. xxviii. 17; Ezek. xxviii. 13, which, Rosen. Non est, cur dubitemus, sigaccording to Job xxviii. 19, is to be found in nificari nomine Hebræo sapphirum, quem Ethiopia. Most of the ancient translators nos ita appellamus. Ita enim vertunt LXX, render it by topaz, i.e., the chrysolite of the Syrus, Vulgatus. Michaelis tamen h. 1. mavult intelligere lapidem lazuli, quod huic Prof. Lee.-, f. constr. IEP. A facilius quam sapphiro nomina insculpi precious stone: either the topaz or the possent. emerald, Exod. xxviii. 17; xxx. 19; Job xxviii. 19; Ezek. xxviii. 13. moderns. Au. Ver.-A carbuncle. Ged., Booth., Gesen., Rosen.-An emerald. Au. Ver.-A diamond. So Patrick and most commentators. Ged. A crystal. Prof. Lee.-, m. pl. non occ. r. □, Bp. Patrick.-Carbuncle.] So we trans- lit. malleable, i.e., here, will not give way at late the third stone of the first row (which the stroke of the hammer. Some precious in Hebrew is called bareketh), following stone. The adamant, or, as the ancient perhaps Abarbinel. But the greatest part versions occasionally have, the emerald, or |