PRINTED FOR LONGMAN, HURST, REES, AND ORME, PATERNOSTER-ROW ; J.JOHNSON; W. J. AND J. RICHARDSON; J.WALKER; R. BALDWIN; F. AND C. RIVINGTON; T. PAYNE; R. FAULDER 1805. A DICTIONARY OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. S. S SAB HAS in English the same hissing sound as in other languages, and unhappily prevails in so many of our words that it produces in the ear of a foreigner a continued sibilation. In the beginning of words it has invariably its natural and genuine sound: in the middle it is sometimes uttered with a stronger appulse of the tongue to the palate, like z; as rose, roseate, rosy, osier, nosel, resident, busy, business. It sometimes keeps its natural sound; as loose, designation; for which I know not whether any rules can be given. In the end of monosyllables it is sometimes s, as in this; and sometimes z, as in as, bas; and generally where es stands in verbs for eth, as gives. It seems to be established as a rule, that no noun singular should end with s single: therefore in words written with diphthongs, and naturally long, an e is nevertheless added at the end, as goose, house; and where the syllable is short the s is doubled, and wasonce sse, as ass, anciently asse; wilderness, anciently wildernesse; distress, anciently distresse. ΣΑΒΑΌΤΗ. n. 5. (Hebrew.) Signifying SAB I purpose, And by our holy sabbeth have I sworn, Milton. Here ev'ry day was sabbath: only free From hours of pray'r, for hours of charity, Such as the Jews from servile toil releast, Where works of mercy were a part of rest: Such as blest angels exercise above, Vary'd with sacred hymns and acts of love; Such sabbaths as that one she now enjoys, Ev'n that perpetual one, which she employs: For such vicissitudes in heav'n there are, In praise alternate, and alternate pray'r. Dryd. 2. Intermission of pain or sorrow; time of rest. Never any sabbath of release Could free his travels and afflictions deep. Dan. Nor can his blessed soul look down from heav'n, Or break th' eternal sabbath of his rest, To see her miseries on earth. Dryden. Peaceful sleep out the sabbath of the tomb, And wake to raptures in a life to come. Pope. SABBATA'RIAN. n. s. from sabbath.] One who observes the sabbath with unreasonable rigour; one who observes the seventh day of the week in opposi tion to the first. SA'BBATHBREAKER. n. 5. [sabbath and break.] Violator of the sabbath by labour or wickedness. The usurer is the greatest sabbathbreaker, because his plough goeth every Sunday. Bacon. SABBA'TICAL.adj. sabbaticus, Lat. sabbatique, Fr. from sabbath.] Resembling the sabbath; enjoying or bringing intermission of labour. The appointment and observance of the sab. batical year, and after the seventh salbatical year a year of jubilee, is a circunstance of great Forbes. moment, B SABBATISM.n.s. [from sabbatum, Lat.] Observance of the sabbath superstitiously rigid. SA'BINE. n. s. [sabine, Fr. sabina, Lat.] A plant. Sabine or savin will make fine hedges, and may be brought into any form by clipping, much beyond trees. Mortimer. SA'BLE. n.s. [zibella, Lat.] Fur. Sable is worn of great personages, and brought out of Russia, being the fur of a little beast of that name, esteemed for the perfectness of the colour of the hairs, which are very black. Hence sable, in heraldry, signifies the black colour in gentlemen's arms. Peacham. Furiously running in upon him, with tumultuous speech, he violently raught from his head his rich cap of sables, & Knobles The peacock's plumes thyt tackle must not fa With him inthron'd .. Sat sable vested night, eldest of things, The consort of his reign. night. Milton. They soon begin that tragick play, And with their smoaky canmens banish day : Night, horrour, slaughter, with confusion meet, And in their sable arms embrace the fleet. Waller. If ample powers, granted by the rulers of this world, add dignity to the persons intrusted with these powers, behold the importance and extent of the sacerdotal commission. Atterbury. SA'CHEL. n.s. [sacculus, Lat.] A small sack or bag. SACK... ]שק Hebrew ; σάκκος ; saccus, Lat. ræc, Sax. It is observable of this word, that it is found in all languages, and it is therefore conceived to be antediluvian.] 1. A bag; a pouch; commonly a large bag. Our sacks shall be a mean to sack the city, And we be lords and rulers over Roan. Shaks. Vastius caused the authors of that mutiny to be thrust into sacks, and in the sight of the fleet tast into the sea. 7. The measure of three bushels. 1. To put in bags. Knolles. Now the great work is done, the corn is ground, : : The grist is sack'd, and every'sack well bound. 2. Betterton. [from sacar, Spanish.] To take by storm; to pillage; to plunder. Edward Bruce spoiled all the old English pale inhabitants, and sacked and rased all cities and corporate towns. Spenser. I'll make thee stoop and bend thy knee, Or sack this country with a mutiny. Shakspeare. What armies conquer'd, perish'd with thy sword? What cities sack'd? Fairfax. Who sees these dismal heaps, but would de mand What barbarous invader sack'd the land? Denbm. The pope himself was ever after unfortunate, Rome being twice taken and sacked in his reign. South. The great magazine for all kinds of treasure is the bed of the Tiber: when the Romanslay under the apprehensions of seeing their city sacked by a barbarous enemy, they would take care to hestow such of their riches this way as could best bear the water. Addison. SACK. n.s. [from the verb.] 1. Storm of a town; pillage; plunder. If Saturn's son bestows The sack of Troy, which he by promise owes, Then shall the conqu'ring Greeks thy loss restore. Dryden. 2. A kind of sweet wine, now brought chiefly from the Canaries. [See, Fr. of uncertain etymology; but derived by Skinner, after Mandesto, from Xeque, a city of Morocco. The sack of Shakspeare is believed to be what is now called sherry.] Please you drink a cup of sack. Shakspeare. The butler hath great advantage to allure the maids with a glass of sack. SA'CKBUT. n. s. Swift [sacabuche, Spanish; sambuca, Lat. sambuque, Fr.] A kind of pipe. The trumpets, sackbuts, psalteries and fife, Make the sun dance. 12. 5. Sbakspeare. [sack and cloth.] SA'CKCLOTH. Cloth of which sacks are made; coarse cloth sometimes worn in mortification. Coarse stuff made of goats hair, of a dark colour, worn by soldiers and mariners; and used as a habit among the Hebrews in times of mourning. Called sackcloth, either because sacks were made of this sort of stuff, or because hair-cloths were strait and close like a sack. Calmet. To augment her painful penance more, Thrice every week in ashes she did sit, And next her wrinkled skin rough sackcloth wore. Spenser. Thus with sackcloth I invest my woe, And dust upon my clouded forehead throw. Sandys. Being clad in sachcloth, he was to lie on the ground, and constantly day and night to implore God's mercy for the sin he had committed. Ayliffe. SA'CKER. n. 3. [from sack.] One that takes a town. SA'CKFUL.n.s. [sack and full.] A full bag. Wood goes about with sackfuls of dross, odiously misrepresenting his prince's countenance. Swift. SA'CKPOSSET. n. s. [sack and posset. A posset made of milk, sack, and some other ingredients. Snuff the candles at supper on the table, because the burning snuff may fall into a dish of soup or sackposset. Swift. SACRAMENT. n. s. [sacrement, Fr. satramentum, Lat.] 1. An oath; any ceremony producing an obligation. 2. An outward and visible sign of an inward and spiritual grace. SA'CRED. adj. [sacre, Fr. sacer, Lat.] 1. Immediately relating to God. Wolves shall succeed for teachers, grievous Who all the sacred mysteries of heav'n The help, the guide, the balm, of souls perplex'd. 2. Devoted to religious uses; holy. Those who came to celebrate the sabbath, made a conscience of helping themselves for the honour of that most sacred day. Maccabees. They with wine-off'rings pour'd, and sacred feast, Shall spend their days with joy unblam'd. Milt. This temple, and his holy ark, Milton. With all his sacred things. 3. Dedicated; consecrate; consecrated: 4. with to. O'er its eastern gate was rais'd above A temple, sacred to the queen of love. Drydeit. Relating to religion; theological. Smit with the love of sacred song. 5. Entitled to reverence; awfully venerable. Milton. Bright officious lamps, In thee concentring all their precious beams Of sacred influence. Milton. Poet and saint, to thee alone were giv'n, The two most sarred names of earth and heav'n. Cowley. As often as we mention a sacrament, it is im- 6. Inviolable, as if appropriated to some properly understood; for in the writings of the ancient fathers all articles which are peculiar to christian faith, all duties of religion containing that which sense or natural reason cannot of itself discern, are most commonly named sacraments; our restraint of the word to some few principal divine ceremonies, importeth in every such ceremony two things, the substance of the ceremony itself, which is visible; and besides that, somewhat else more secret, in reference whereunto we conceive that ceremony to be a sacrament. Hooker. 3. The eucharist; the holy communion. As we have ta'en the sacrament, We will unite the white rose with the red. Shakspeare. Before the famous battle of Cressy, he spent the greatest part of the night in prayer; and in the morning received the sacrament, with his son, and the chief of his officers. SACRAMENTAL. adj. [sacramental, Fr. from sacrament.] Constituting a sacrament; pertaining to a sacrament. Addison. To make complete the outward substance of a sacrament, there is required an outward form, which form sacramental elements receive from sacramental words. Hooker. The words of St. Paul are plain; and whatever interpretation can be put upon them, it can only vary the way of the sacramental efficacy, but it cannot evacuate the blessing. Taylor. SACKAMENTALLY. adv. [from sacramental.] After the manner of a sacra Secrets of marriage still are sacred held; There sweet and bitter by the wise conceal'd. Dryden. SA'CREDLY. adv. [from sacred.] Inviolably; religiously. When God had manifested himself in the flesh, how sacredly did he preserve this privi lege? South. SA'CREDNESS. n. s. [from sacred.] The state of being sacred; state of being consecrated to religious uses; holiness; sanctity. In the sanctuary the cloud, and the oracular answers, were prerogatives peculiar to the sacredness of the place. South. This insinuates the sacredness of power, let the administration of it be what it will. L'Estrange. SACRIFICK, adj. [sacrificus, Lat.] Employed in sacrifice. SACRIFICABLE. adj. [from sacrificor, Latin.] Capable of being offered in sacrifice. Although Jephtha's vow run generally for the words, whatsoever shall come forth; yet might it be restrained in the sense, to whatsoever was sacrificable, and justly subject to lawful immolation, and so would not have sacrificed either horse or dog. Brown. |