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ALMIGHTY and everlasting God, who of thy tender love towards mankind hast sent thy Son our Saviour Jesus Christ, to take upon him our flesh, and to suffer death upon the cross, that all mankind should follow the ex. ample of his great humility; mercifully grant, that we may both follow the example of his patience, and also be made partakers of his resurrection, through the same Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen.

The Epistle. Phil. ii. 5. LET (m) this mind be in you, which was also in Christ Jesus: 6. who, being in the form of God, thought it not (n) robbery to be 7. equal with God; but made himself of no reputation, and took upon him the form of a servant, and was made in the likeness 8. of men: and being found in fashion as a man, he humbled himself, and became obedient

2. 5.

.6.

(m) "Let," &c. St. Paul had been pressing upon the Philippian converts unanimity, lowliness of mind, &c.; and by reminding them how our Saviour disregarded his own glory to advance the cause of Christianity, he animates them to the like conduct. See post, note on Eph. iv. 9.; and see 5 Waterland's Moyer Sermons.

(n) "Not robbery." Either " no " more than his right," " no more than "the fact;" and then for "but," in v. 7. read " yet," or "not a thing to be anx"iously adhered to;" "a thing he might " give up," "what he did not covet."

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WHEN the morning was come, all the chief priests and elders of the people took counsel against Jesus to put him to death. And 2. when they had bound him, they led him away, and delivered him to Pontius Pilate the Governor. Then Judas, which had betrayed 3. him, when he saw that he was condemned, repented (0) himself, and brought again the thirty pieces of silver to the chief priests and elders, saying, " I have sin- 4. "ned in that I have betrayed "the innocent blood." And they said, "What is that to us? see " thou to that." And he cast 5. down the pieces of silver in the temple, and departed, and went

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(0). "Repented." Judas must have v.3. known had our Saviour been an enthusiast or an impostor; and his repentance shews he thought him neither : had he been either, Judas would have been warranted in betraying him; and he would naturally have stated that as his justification. 2 Port. Lect. Our Saviour might have fixed upon Judas as an apostle, though he foreknew he would betray him, for the very purpose that his subsequent repentance might be used as an argument for the truth of Christianity.

6. and (p) hanged himself. And ❘ the chief priests took the silver pieces, and said, "It is not law"ful for to put them into the

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treasury, because it is the price " of blood." And they took counsel, and bought with them the potter's field, to bury stran8. gers in. Wherefore that field was called, "The field of blood, 9. unto this day." Then was fulfilled that which was spoken by (q) Jeremy the prophet, saying, " And they took the thirty " pieces of silver, the price of " him that was valued, whom "they of the children of Israel 10. " did value; and gave them for "the potter's field, as the Lord 11." appointed me." And Jesus stood before the governor : and the governor asked him, saying, "Art thou the King of the "Jews?" And Jesus said unto

12. him, "Thou sayest." And when he was accused of the chief priests and elders, he answered nothing. 13. Then saith Pilate unto him, "Hearest thou not how many " things they witness against 14. "thee?" And he answered him to never a word; insomuch that the governor marvelled greatly. 15. Now at that feast the governor was wont to release unto the people a prisoner, whom they 16. would. And they had then

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a notable (r) prisoner, called Barabbas. Therefore, when they 17. were gathered together, Pilate said unto them, "Whom will ye that " I release unto you? Barabbas, " or Jesus, which is called "Christ?" for he knew that for 18. envy they had delivered him. When he was set down on the 19. judgement-seat, his wife sent unto him, saying, "Have thou no"thing to do with that just man; " for I have suffered many

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things this day in a dream "because of him." But the chief 20. priests and elders persuaded the multitude that they should ask Barabbas, and destroy Jesus. The governor answered and said 21. unto them, "Whether of the " twain will ye that I release " unto you?" They said, "Bar"abbas." Pilate saith unto 22. them, "What shall I do then " with Jesus, which is called "Christ?" They all say unto him, "Let him be crucified." And the governor said, "Why? 2; "what evil hath he done?" But they cried out the more, saying, "Let him be crucified." When 24 Pilate saw that he could prevail nothing, but that rather a tumult was made, he took water, and washed his hands before the multitude, saying, "I am innocent " of the blood of this just per

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15.

" son: see ye to it." Then answered all the people, and said, "His (s) blood be on us, and on 26. " our children." Then released he Barabbas unto them: and when he had scourged (t) Jesus, he delivered him to be crucified. 27. Then the soldiers of the governor took Jesus into the common hall, and gathered unto him the whole 28. band of soldiers. And they stripped him, and put on him a :29. scarlet robe. And when they had platted a crown of thorns, they put it upon his head, and a reed in his right hand : and they bowed the knee before him, and mocked 30. him, saying, "Hail, King of "the Jews!" And they spit upon him, and took the reed, and 31. smote him on the head. And after that they had mocked him, they took the robe off from him, and put his own raiment on him, and led him away to crucify him. 32. And as they came out, they found a man of Cyrene, Simon by

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name: him they compelled to bear his cross. And when they 33. were come unto a place called Golgotha, that is to say, "A place " of a scull," they gave him (u) vi- 34. negar to drink mingled with gall : and when he had tasted thereof, he would not drink. And they 35. crucified him, and parted his garments, casting lots; that (x) it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the (y) prophet, "They "parted my garments among "them, and upon my vesture " did they cast lots." And sit- 36. ting down they watched him there; and set up over his head 37. his accusation written, THIS IS JESUS THE KING OF THE JEWS. Then were there two 38. thieves crucified with him; one on the right hand, and another on the left. And they that 39. passed by reviled him, wagging their heads, and saying, "Thou 40. " that (z) destroyest the temple, " and buildest it in three days,

ferings of crucifixion : but this is conjecture. (x)

"That it might be," i.e. so that v. 35.

it was. They had no intention of fulfilling the prediction. This, therefore, is a strong instance of stating that as the object which was only the consequence. See ante 44. note on Matt. ii. 15.

(y) "The prophet," i. e. the writer v. 35. of Ps. xxii. The passage there, v. 17, 18, is, "They pierced my hands and

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my feet; I may tell all my bones ; " they stand staring and looking upon "me; they part my garments among " them, and cast lots upon my vesture."

(z) "That destroyest," &c. Accord- v. 40. ing to John ii. 19. when the Jews asked of our Saviour a sign, he answered and said unto them, "Destroy this temple, " and in three days I will raise it up." But he spake of the temple of his body; and it is to this saying of his that they. here referred. St. Matthew and St. Mark mention this saying as one of the grounds

41.

43.

"save thyself. If thou be the || loud voice, saying, " Eli, Eli,
"Son of God, come down from
"the cross." Likewise also the

chief priests mocking him, with 42. the scribes and elders, said, "He "saved others, himself he can"not save. If he be the King " of Israel, let him now come "down from the cross, and we " will believe him. He (a) trust"ed in God; let him deliver " him now, if he will have him: " for he said, I am the Son of "God." The (b) thieves also, which were crucified with him, 45. cast the same in his teeth. Now from the sixth hour there was darkness over all the land unto 46. the ninth hour. And about the ninth hour Jesus cried with a

44.

ا.

ا.

43.

2.44.

of accusation against our Saviour. Matt.
xxvi. 61. Mark xiv. 58.

(a) " He trusted," &c. How ex-
actly does this correspond with the pro-
phetic declaration in Psalm xxii. 7,8?
"All they that see me, laugh me to

scorn: they shoot out their lips, and "shake their heads, saying, "He trust"ed in God that he would deliver him; " let him deliver him, if he will have " him."

(b) " The thieves." According to Luke xxiii. 40. one of them rebuked the other for reviling him; this is therefore either an affirmation as to the two, though only true as to one; or both might at first revile, and one might be * struck with some part of our Saviour's conduct, and then rebuke his companion. v. 46. (c) "My God," &c. This is the beginning of Psalm xxii. which is considered as written prophetically of the Messiah; and our Saviour might use this exclamation, to draw to their consideration how this prophecy was fulfilling in what he suffered. See the notes on V. 35.40. 2. 48. (d) “ Vinegar."

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See the note on

v. 34. This may shew their temper: it was usual to give the convicts what would • deaden their sense of pain; vinegar was calculated to awaken it. In Ps. lxix. 22. which probably referred prophetically to

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"lama sabachthani?" that is to say, My God, (c) my God, "why hast thou forsaken me?" Some of them that stood there, when they heard that, said, "This

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man calleth for Elias." And straightway one of them ran, and took a spunge, and filled it with (d) vinegar, and put it on a reed, and gave him to drink. The rest said, "Let be, let us see " whether (e) Elias will come to save him." Jesus, when he had (f) cried again with a loud voice, yielded up the ghost. And, 5 behold, the (g) veil of the temple was rent in twain from the top to the bottom; and the earth did quake, and the rocks rent;

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the Messiah, it is said, "they gave me "gall to eat, and when I was thirsty,

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they gave me vinegar to drink." (e) "Whether Elias," &c. This v. probably was said with a sneer; the Jews expected from the prophecy in Mal. iv. 5. that Elijah was to come in person before the Messiah appeared; they did not understand that John the Baptist, by coming in the spirit and power of Elijah, had fulfilled this prophecy. The prophecy is, " Behold I " send you Elijah the prophet before "the coming of the great and dreadful

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day of the Lord: and he shall turu "the heart of the fathers to the chil"dren, and the heart of the children to "the fathers, lest I come and smite the "earth with a curse." Ante 33. note on John i. 21.

(f) "Cried," &c. St. Luke has re- . corded what he said: "Father, into thy " hands I commend my spirit."

(g) "The veil," &c. The veil se- . parated the holy place from the holy of holies, which was considered a type of heaven, and into which none but the high priest could enter, and that only once a year. Abp. Kidder considers this rending it in twain as importing that now, through Christ, the Holy of Holies, that is, the kingdom of Heaven, is laid open, not to the high priest only, but

52. and the graves were opened; and || Edom, with dyed garments from

many bodies of the saints which 53. slept, arose, and came out of the graves after his resurrection, and went into the holy city, and ap54. peared unto many. Now when the centurion, and they that were with him watching Jesus, saw the earthquake, and those things that were done, they feared greatly, saying, “Truly (b) this was the "Son of God."

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Monday before Easter.

For the Epistle. Isaiah lxiii. 1. (i)
WHO is this that cometh from

to all people, and not once in a year only, but at all times. See an admirable reading upon this chapter, z Porteus's Lectures, 266. Lecture 22.

(b) "Truly," &c. This exclamation was drawn from the Roman soldier, an impartial spectator, not only by the earthquake, &c. but by considering the conduct of our Saviour whilst upon the cross, and his last words, commending his spirit into the hands of God. Saint Mark xv. 39. says, when the centurion saw that he so cried out, and gave up the ghost, he said, "truly," &c. attributing his exclamation to that act of resignation and devotion in our Saviour. The celebrated Rousseau, after contrasting the life and death of our Saviour with those of Socrates, concludes the comparison with this sentence: " Yes, if the life and "death of Socrates are those of a sage, "the life and death of Jesus are those of "a God." 2 Port. Lect. 298.

(i) A prophetic dialogue between the Messiah and the Israelites, looking forward to a time of extraordinary vengeance upon his enemies, and of redemption and deliverance to his faithful servants, perhaps the time of the detruction of Jerusalem. In the 1st and 2d verses the questions are put, Who is it that is making the desolation, and what is the cause of it? The answers are at the end of verse 1, and in the 3d, 4th, 5th, and 6th verses. The rest of the chapter is in the mouth of the people, and calls to mind what God had in for

Bozrah (k)? this that is glorious
in his apparel, travelling in the
greatness of his strength ? (1) " I
" that speak in righteousness,

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mighty to save." Wherefore 2. art thou red in thine apparel, and thy garments like him that treadeth in the wine-fat? "I have 3. " trodden the wine-press alone; " and of the people there was " none with me: for I (m) will " tread them in mine anger, and " trample them in my fury; and " their blood shall be sprinkled

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upon my garments, and I will " stain all my raiment. For the 4.

mer times done for the Israelites, and
prays anxiously for deliverance.

(4) "Bosrah," the chief city of Edom. v. 1.
Bosrah is supposed to have had its name
from the number of wine-presses. Edom
and Bosrah are probably named, as being
often at war with the Israelites, and are
therefore put for any enemies. In Isaiah
xxxiv. 6. where the prophet is perhaps
referring to the same period as here, he
names the same place: "The Lord hath
" a sacrifice in Bozrah, and a great
" slaughter in the land of Idumea," (i. e.
Edom.)

(1) "I," &c. i. e. (probably) the Messiah, the righteous Saviour. In Rev. xix. 11. 13. 15, 16. is a description of our Saviour, strongly corresponding with this chapter: "I saw heaven opened, and "behold a white horse: and he that sat

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upon him was called faithful and true, " and in righteousness he doth judge and "make war: he was clothed with a " vesture dipped in blood, and his name " is called "the Word of God:" and " out of his mouth goeth a sharp sword, "that with it he should smite the na"tions: and he shall rule them with a "rod of iron: and he treadeth the wine"press of the fierceness and wrath of "Almighty God."

(m) For " will tread," " trample,” v. 3. " shall be sprinkled," and "will stain," the reading should be "trod," " tram" pled," " was sprinkled," and " stain"ed;" he is speaking of it as already. past.

T

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