minors or Francifcans or Grey Friers. 2. The Auguflins. 3. The Dominicans or Black Fri 4. The Carmelites or White Friers. FRIERY (confraine, F.) a fociety of FRIARY friers; alfo their cloister or habitation. A FRET; a fume or heat of paffion. FRET 2 (in Architect.) is a knot or FRETTES ornament that confifts of A FRIGID Stile, is a low jejune manner two lifts, or fmall fillets, variously interlaced of diction, wanting force, warmth of imagior interwoven, and running at parallel dif-nation, figures of speech, &c. tances equal to their breadth, every turn of which and interfection must be at right angles; they were used by the ancients on flat members, as the faces of the Conona or leaves of cornices, under the roofs, foffits, &c. as in the following figure. FRET-WORK, a fort of plaifterer's work fo called. FRET WORK (fo called of frette, L.) it fignified the timber work of a roof, and is an inftrument of frets ufed to fill up and enfich flat empty spaces; principally used in roofs which are fretted over with plaister-work. FRETS (with Miners) openings made in the banks of rivers made by land floods. FRIABLENESS (friabilitas, L.) brittlenefs, aptnefs to crumble in small particles. Friableness is fuppofed to arife from that friable do not confift wholly of dry parts, irregularly combined, and which are readily feparated, as having nothing glutinous, &c. to bind them together. FRICTION FRIGIDNESS (frigiditas, L.) coldness impotency. TO FRIGHTEN (Fɲihzan, Sax. fritter, Dan.) to put into a fright, to terrify. FRIGHTFUL (Fnihz yul, Sax.) caufing fright or terror, alfo apt to be put into a fright. FRIGHT FULNESS (Faihtpulnerye, Sax.) aptnefs to be affrighted; also terribleness of aspect. FRINGE (frange, F.) a fort of ornament. To FRINGE (Franger, F.) to garnish with fringes. FRISK'INESS, skittishness, wantonness in skipping and flirting to and fro, &c. FRISK'Y (probably of frifque, F. brifk, of frizzare, Ital.) leaping and jumping up and down, FRITH GILD (in ancient Records) the fame as is now called a gild, fraternity or company. FRITILLARY (with Botanifts) a flower that is very finely chequered, and refembles the fhape of a dice box, from whence it has its name, L. FRIVOLOUSNESS (of frivolus, L. fri volé, F.) triflingness, infignificantnefs, vainness. FRIZE. See Freeze. FRIZZLING (of frifé, F.) curled or crifped. A FRIZZLING (frisure, E.) a curling or crifping, properly of the hair. FROLICKSOME, difpofed to play, or FRICATION 2 (with Phyficians) a rub-full of merry pranks, whimfies, &c. bing or chafing any part of the body, either dry with the hand or linencloths, or moift with oils, ointments, waters, &c. FROLICKSOMENESS, the playing of merry pranks, whimfies, &c. FRICTION (in Mechanicks) is the refiftance that a moving body meets withal from the furface whereon it moves. FRIDEGAST, a certain idol of the ancient Britons. FRITH STOW (Fridprop of Fr, peace, and rop, Sax. a place) a feat, chair, or place of peace. FRIENDLINESS (Freons'icnesse, Sax.) kindness or kind behaviour, good nature, tendernefs, courtecufnefs; the return of mutual benevolence, a readiness to help a person as far as is in one's power, and comports with fe f prefervation, &c. It is the very cement of fociety. FRIENDSHIP (of Freons and fhip, Sax.) the quality or kindness of a friend. FRIERS (fratres, L. freres, F. i. e. bre thren) monks or religious perfons, of which there are 4 principal orders. 1. The Friers FRONT (in Prospective) the orthographical projection of an object upon a parallel plane. FRONT of a Battalion, is the first rank of file leaders it is alfo called the face or head of a battalion. FRONT of a Squadron, is the first rank of troopers. FRONT of an Army, is the first row of tents in the first line, which (in the Horse) are the quarter-maiters tents, and (in the Foct) thofe of ferjeants. FRONT (of a Place) is the face of a place, or the Tenaille, i. e. all that is contained between the flanked angles of two neighbouring baflions, viz. the two faces, the two flanks, and the curtain. To FRONT every way Military Phrafc) is when men are faced to all fides. FRONITAL (in Architecture) a little fronten or pediment, fometimes placed over a litthe door or window. FRON FRONTALES (in Anatomy) two muscles, ene on each fide of the forehead; commonly fuppofed to fpring from the fcull; but now known to arife from the occipital muscles; or the frontales and occipitales are rather one continued digaftrick muscle on each, moving the fcalp and fkin of the forehead and eyebrows. FRONTATED (in Botany) fignifies that the petalum or leaf of a flower growing broader and broader, and at laft perhaps terminates in a right-line. FRONTIER, the border, confine or boundary of a kingdom or province, which the enemies find in the front when they are about to enter the fame. FROST (Frere, Sax. and Dan.) an exceffive cold ftate of the weather, whereby the motion and fluidity of liquors is fufpended; or that state of the air, &c. whereby fluids are converted into ice. A hoar-froft is generated, when the vapours near the earth are congealed by the coldness of the night, which only happens in winter, when cold predominates, fo that the difference between dew and hoar-frott is, that mifts do turn to dew, if they confift of drops of water; but into hoarfroft, when they confift of vapours that are congealed in their paffage down to the earth. Froft contracts metals, or rather the cold effects it; but on the contrary it dilates fluids, for a twelve-foot tube of iron loft two lines in length, being expofed to the air in a frosty night, but liquids are fwelled and dilated by froft nearly one tenth of their bulk, and by that means bursts not only veffels of glass and earth, but even of wood or iron or other metals, as has been found by many experi ments. FROSTED, done or made in imitation of frost. FROSTINESS (Fɲorzignerre, Sax.) frofty quality. FROTH'INESS, fulness of froth, frothy quality; the want of folidity and fubitance; lightnefs, emptinefs, windinefs. FROTHY, having or full of froth, empty, vain, trifling ; not substantial nor folid, light, &c. FROWARDLY (Fɲampeaɲdlice, Sax.) in a forward manner. FROWARDNESS (Fnampeanonerre, Sax.) peevishness, fretfulness, furliness. FROW'EY (with Carpenters) timber is faid to be frowey, when it is evenly tempered all the way, and works freely without tearing. FROWN'ING (fourcils francez, F.) knitting the brows, wrinkling the forehead. FROWN'INGLY, with an air of dif pleafure, &c. FROZEN (of ynosz, Sax. froft, Dạn.) congealed with frost. FROZENNESS, congealedness by frost or fold air. FRUGALNESS (frugalitas, L. fruga lité, F.) thriftinefs, fparingness in expences. FRUGIFEROUSNESS, fruit-bearingnefs, fertility. FRUGIVOROUSNESS (of frugivorous, L.) fruit-devouring quality or faculty. FRUIT (fructus, L.) in its general fenfe includes whatfoever the earth produces for the nourishment and fupport of human kind and animals, F. FRUIT (with Botanifts) is defined to be that, which fucceeds to each flower, whether it confifts of one or more feeds; fome reftrain the word fruit, to fignify only that which is efculent. Natural FRUITS, are fuch as the earth produces of its own accord, without any culture. FRUITS of Induftry, are fuch as tho' they are natural require fome culture to bring them to perfection. Civil FRUITS (in Law) are rents, falaries, wages. FRUITS (in the Canon Law) denotes every thing, whereof the revenue of a benefice confifts, as glebe, tithes, rents, offerings, &c. FRUIT'AGE (of fruit, F.) all kinds of edible fruits. FRUITERERS company were first incorporated Anno 1604, and confift of a master, two wardens, about seventeen affiftants; and 39 on the livery. Their ar morial enfigns are azure. The tree of Paradife between Adam and Eve all proper. They have no hall, but fometime meet at the Parish Clerks in Wood-ftreet. FRUITFUL (of fruit, F. and Kull, Sax, &c.) fertile. FRUITFULNESS (of Fruit, F. and Fulneɣye, Sax.) fertility. FRUIT FULNESS (in Hieroglyphicks) is represented by an olive tree. FRUITFULNESS (in Sculpture, &c.) was reprefented by a lady fitting upon a bed, with two little infants hanging about her neck. FRUITION (by Moralifts) is defined to be the reft or delight of the will in the end obtained. FUEL (probably of feu. F. fire) hiring, as wood, coals or any matter fit for burning for culinary or other ufes. FU/ELIST, a maker of charcoal, fmallcoal, & FUGA'CIOUSNESS (fugacitas, L.) aptnels to fly away. FUGA vacui (in ancient Philofopby) a principle whereby various effects were produc'd arifing from an averfion (which they suppos'd) in nature to a vacuum. But most of these phenomena modern philofophers have demonftrated to arife from the gravity and preffure of the air. FUGAʼLIA, festivals obferved by the ancient Romans on account of the expulfion of their kings. From which pattern the English feem to have taken their Hock-Tide, and having cleared the lands of their infolent neighbours the Danes, inftituted the annual sports of Hock-Tide, confifting of fuch paftimes, as throwing at cocks. FULGENTNESS (of fulgentia, L.) Thiningness, brightness, fulgidity." To FULL Cloth (fullare, L. fouler, F.) to mill it in order to thicken it. FULLERY, a work houfe or place where cloth is fulled. FULLY (Fullice, Sax.) to the full, FULNESS (Fyinerre, Sax.) plenty. FULMINEOUS (fulmineus, L.) of or belonging to thunder. FU'LSOMNESS (q. d. foulfomness, i. e. fomewhat foul and nerre, Sax.) loathsomnefs, naftiness, &c. FU'MED (fumatus, L.) fmoaked, fumed. To FUME (fumare, L. fumer, F.) to fmoak or steam. FU'METORY, an herb. fmoaky. FUMIF'ICK (fumificus, L.) making (moak, perfuming. FUMIGATION, a perfuming with the fioak of sweet wood or other matter, either for qualifying the air, or fumes of Mercury. FUMIGATION (with Surgeons) a falivation raised by Mercury. FUMIGATION (with Chymifts) a fumigating or fmoaking, an erofion or eating away of metals by fmoak or vapour. FU'MOUS (fumofus, L. fumeux, F.) fmoaky. FUMOSITY (fumofitas, L.) (moak inefs. FUN, fport, game, banter, &c. To FUN one; to footh, cajole, coaks, wheedle. Animal FUNCTION, is that without which we cannot perceive, will, remember, c. fuch are feeling, fecing, imagining, judge ing, paffions, voluntary motions, &c. FUNCTION (in a Phyfical fenfe) is the fame as action, an effective motion produced in any part of an animal by the proper apti tude or fitnefs of fuch a part for the ufes appointed by the author of nature. Natural FUNCTIONS, are those which change the food, &c. fo as to affimilate it to our own nature; fuch are the vifcera or bowels, and the veffels that receive, retain, secern, &c. the humours. Vital FUNCTIONS, are thofe neceffary to life; and without which it cannot fubfift, as the action of the heart, brain, lungs, &c. FUND of the eye (Anat.) the part poffeffed by the Choroeides and Retina. FUNDAMENT (fundamentum, L.) ferving for the foundation; that upon which the reft is built, effential, important, not merely accidental. Such we find they are, as can controul The fervile actions of our wav'ring foul, Can fright, can alter, or can chain the will; Their ills are built on life, that fundamental ill, Prior. FUNDAMENTAL, leading propofition; important and effential part, which is the gound work of the reft. It is a very juft reproach that there fhould be fo much violence and hatred in religious matters among men who agree in all fundamentals, and only differ in fome ceremonies, or mere fpeculative points. Seuift. FUNDAMENTALLY, effentially; ori ginally. Religion is nor only useful to civil fociety, but fundamentally neceffary to its very birth and conftitution. Bentley. FUNDAMENTALNESS, fundamental quality; chiefnefs, principalness. FUNEBRAL Staves, torches, links, flambeaux. FUNEBREOUS (funebris, L. funebre, F.) belonging to a funeral, doleful, mournful. FUNERALS, burying of the dead. FU'NERAL Oration, a fermon or difcourfe pronounced in praife of a perfon deceased, at the ceremony of his funeral. FUNERARY (funerarius, L.) pertaining to funerals. FUN'GOUSNESS (of fungofus, L.) fpunginefs. FUN GOUS Fleb, a fpongious excrefcence, called proud Ach, frequently growing on the lips of wounds, &c. FUNGUS, a flefhy tumour or excrescence, very fpongious, foft and pale, arifing on the membranes, tendons, and other nervous parts in confequence of ulcers, wounds, &c. FUNICULAR Hypothefis (in Mechanicks) an hypothefis produced by one Francis Linus against the fpring and weight of the air, fo as to explain the rifing and falling of quickfilver in a weather-glafs or barometer, by means of a funiculus or little ftring at the top, or a very fine thin fubftance, which is continually drawing drawing itfelf up, or is ftretched out more or lefs, according to the different temperature of the outward air. FURA'CIOUS ( furax, L.) thievish, inclined to steal. FURA/CIOUSNESS (furacitas, L.) thievishnets, &c. FURFURA/CEOUS (furfuraceus, L.) branny, made of bran. FURIOUSNESS (furiofitas, L.) furious mood or quality. FURLED (frelé, F.) tied up as fails. FURRING (with Architects) is the making good the rafters feet in the cornice, that is, when rafters are cut with a knee, thefe farrings are pieces that go ftrait along with the rafter from the top of the knee to the cornice. FU'RRING a Ship, a laying on double planks on the fides of a fhip, after fhe is built, called Plank upon Plank, or more properly the ripping off the planks and putting new timbers on the former timbers, and alfo other planks upon them to make a fhip bear the better fail. FURTHERANCE, a promotion, an help, &c. FURTHERMORE (Fundonmane, Sax.) and befides what has been faid, &c. FURTHER MOST (Fuɲðоpmæɣr, Sax.) the moft diftant. FURTHEST (Fundærʊ, Sax.) the moft diftant. FUSARO'LE (with Arcbites) a moulding or ornament placed immediately under the ecbinum in the Dorick, Ionick and Compofite capitals. FUSCA'TION, darkening or clouding, L. FU'SIBLE (fufilis, L.) that may be melted, F. FU'SIBLENESS (of fufibilité, F. of fufilis, L.) aptness or readiness to flow or melt, that quality in metals or minerals that difpofes them for fufion. FUST'IAN Language, an effected rumbling ftile or bombaft way of writing; used by mean writers to make themselves appear perfons of learning and parts to the ignorant. FUS TICK a fort of wood imported FUSTOCK from the Antille islands in the West-Indies, very useful in dying a beautiful gold colour; and is also used in dying black, there is also another fort brought from Italy, Provence, &c, used in dying a dark brown or coffee colour. FUSTI-LUGS, a dirty drab, a fluttish woman that fmells rank. FUSTINESS, rankness in smell, miftiness, FU'SURE (fufura, L.) a flowing or melting of metals. FUTILENESS (futilitas, L. futilité, F.) blabbing, fillinefs, lightnefs, vanity. FUTURITION, the act of generation, L. G Gglife, are the 7th letters of the alpha- bet, Iy, Greek, and , Hebrew, are the G, in Latin Numbers, fignified 400. The letter G in English has a double found, Gh founds like ff in laugh, cough; nor is it founded in nigh, hight, might, caught, bought, fought, thought, &c. קבלה GABEL (gabelle, F. gayel, Sax. which fome derive of he received, or a receipt, Heb. others of Gabella or Gablum, corrupt Latin for tribute; others from Gavel, an unjust law) an excife in France upon falt, which writers fay, raises the king as much money as all the mines of Chili, Peru, Potofi, and all the reft of America yield to the king of Spain. The whole commerce of falt tor the inland consumption lying wholly in the king's hands, who fells and diftributes all of it to his farmers and officers appointed for that purpofe. In our Ancient Records, &c. it is taken to fignify a rent, cuftom, duty or fervice yielded or done to the king or to fome other lord. GA'BIONS, are bafkets of five or fix feet high, and four or five. broad, equally wide at top and bottom; they are made of pieces of willow of about fix feet long, ftuck in the ground in a circle which they work round with small branches, leaves and all, and afterwards fill them with earth, to make a cover are fometimes used in making batteries. or parapet betwixt them and the enemy; they GAD'DING (probably of gaen, Du. to go, or ganging, Scotch) rambling roving, ranging, traggling about. GAFFELETS. See Gablocks. ther, Sax.) a country appellation for a man. GAFFER (ob, good, and Faden, a faGAFFOLD-Land, land that pays a certain cuftom or tribute, called Gaffold Gold. GAGA'TES (fo called of Gagas a city of ftone, which, when rubbed fmells like brimLyfia in Afia, where it was plenty) a fort of ftone, and that will take fire immediately. Mart Mort GAGE, is that which is left in the hands of the proprietor, so that he reaps the fruits of it; in oppofition to vif gage, where the fruits or revenues are reaped by the creditor, and reckoned as part of the debt paid. TO GAGE Deliverance (Law term) to give fecurity that a thing shall be delivered; the fame as to wage deliverance.. AGAGE (with Joiners) is an inftrument made to ftrike a line truly parallel to the ftraight fide of any board. GAGGED (prob. of geagl, Sax. the cheek bone) having an inftrument or piece of wood put into the mouth to keep it from fhutting. GAG'GLING, the noise made by a goose. GAINESS (gaieté, F. chearfulness, of temper; alfo gallantry or fineness in apparel. GAILLARD, brisk, merry, blithe, jolly, pleafant, light-hearted, chearful. GAINFUL (of gain, F. and Full, Sax.) profitable, advantageous. GAIN FULNESS, profitableness, advantageoufnefs. GAIN'LY, cleverly, handily, dexterously. GAIN'NESS, handinefs, dexterity. GAIT (probably of gangan, Sax. to go) a particular motion or air of walking, &c. GAIN-STANDING (of gean-yzansan, Sax.) refifting, oppofing, refistance oppofition. GALACTITES (yaλantirns, Gr.) a precious ftone, fo called becaufe it is as white as milk; alfo a fort of earth called Milk-marle. GALACTOPOTE (galofopota, L. of yaλautonóτng, Gr.) a milk-drinker. GALACTO'PHAGIST (galactophagus, L. of yahanτopay, Gr.) a milk-eater, a milk-fop. GALAXY (yaragias, of yada, Gr. milk) a long white luminous tract, which feems to encompass the Heavens like a fwathe, scarf or girdle; cafily perceivable in a clear night, when the moon does not shine. Before the invention of telescopes, the learn*ed were divided in their opinions about what it was; Arißotle and others affirming it to be a collection of vapours; but it is now found by obfervation to be an innumerable company of stars, not visible to the naked eye. head; fo called, because it takes in the whole head like an helmet. GALEA (with Anatomifts) a term used of the head of an infant that is newly born, when it is covered with part of the membrane or fkin called Amneos. GALEAS', a heavy low built veffel, with both fails and oars; it carries three mafts, but they cannot be lowered as in a galley, viz. Main-maft, Fore-maft, and Mizzen-maft. It has 32 feats for rowers, and 6 or 7 Llaves to each. It carries 3 tire of guns at the head; the lowermoft has 2 pieces of 36 pounders each; the fecond 2 pieces of 24 poundets each; the third 2 pieces of 18 pounders each. At the ftern there are 2 tire of guns, each of 3 pieces, and each piece 18 pounders. GALEA'TUS, a, um (in Betan. Writ.) hooded, whose upper part resembles a kind of helmet or hood, as in the flower of fage, &c. GALEN'ICAL of or pertaining to GaGALENICKS len the phyfician, as Galenical Phyfick, that which is founded upon the practice of Galen. GA'LEONS 2 thofe Spanish fhips that GALLIONS are fent to Vera Cruz in New Spain, and if they are employed to any other part, they are not called by that name.. GALERICULATED (galericulatus, L.) having brims like or resembling an hat. GALL-Bladder, a membranous receptacle, in figure resembling a pear, fituate at the lower margin of the liver, in which the humour called Gall is contained. A GALLANT Man, one fomewhat gayer, brighter, and more agreeable than men in common are. To GALLANT a Woman, to court her in the way of a gallant; alfo to lead her. GALLERY for paffing a Moat, is a covered walk made of ftrong beams, and covered over-head with planks, and loaded with earth; it was formerly used for putting the miner to the foot of the rampart: fometimes the Gallery is cover GALBANUM, a gum iffuing from the incifion in the root of the ferulaceous plant, called ferula Galbanifera, L. growing in A-ed rabia, &c. Loom GALE (Sea Phrafe) is when the wind blows gently, fo that the fhip may bear her top fails a trip. AGALE, the wind when it is S(Sea Profe) is ufed of very high. To GALE away (Sea Phrafe) is faid of a Ship that fails fafter than another, finding more wind than the other in fair weather, when there is but little wind. GA'LEA (with Phyficians) a pain in the over with raw bides, to defend it from the artificial fires of the befiged. The Gallery ought to be wards the flank, to make it mufket proof, the very strong, of double planks on that fide to is made in the camt, and brought along the trenches in pieces, to be joined together in the fofs; it ought to be eight foot high, and ter or twelve wide: the beams ought to be half a foot thick, and two or three foot afunder; the |