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Art. XII. The fick belonging to the Heffian corps, fhall remain under the care of their furgeons, fubject to the orders of the general commanding the corps of that nation, and fhall have the fame allowances as his majefty grants to his own troops.

Art. XIII. All Heffian deferters fhail be faithfully delivered up, wherever they may be found, in the places dependant on his Britannic majefty, and all poffible care shall be taken that no perfon fhall be permitted to establish himself in his majesty's dominions, without his fovereign's confent.

Britannic majesty promises and en- without having previously employed gages to fend back to him, if re-open force against the affailant. quired, the faid troops; allowing them one month's pay, and furnishing them, gratis, with the means of tranfport; as likewife to give him all fuch fuccour in troops as the exigency of the cafe may require, which affiftance fhall be continued to him till he fhall have obtained full fecurity and due fatisfaction; and the landgrave on his part alfo promifes, that in cafe the king of Great Britain fhall be attacked or disturbed in his dominions, he will afford him in like manner all the aid which may be in his power, which fhall be continued until his majefty fhall have obtained a good and advantageous peace. If it should happen, in confequence of the present troubles, that a war fhould be kindled in Germany, and become general, his Britannic majefty promises, as far as poffible, to provide for the fecurity of his dominions, and to direct the military operations of his armies, as far as circumstances may permit, in fuch a manner as to cover and fpare the territories of his highness as far as may be. If, however, notwithftanding the precautions which may be taken for this effect, the territories of his moft ferene highness should suffer an invafion on account of this alliance, his Britannic majesty will endeavour to procure an indemnification proportionable to the lofs occafioned thereby.

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Art. XIV. The raifing of recruits in Germany having become more expenfive than formerly, and some difficulties having arisen relative to the vacant pay, which is to be regarded as the fund for defraying the expence of recruiting; it is agreed, that in the fpring review of his majesty's commiffary, the corps fhall either be complete, or the pay for thofe wanting to be stopped;on the other hand, the pay for those who may be wanting to complete between one review and another, fhall not be ftopped, but is to be advanced to the full establishment of the corps; and instead of the fum formerly allowed for each recruit, to replace one killed or three wounded, it is agreed, that 12 Banco crowns per head fhall be allowed for every recruit that shall be raised to fupply their places.

Art. XV. This treaty to be ratified by the high contracting parties, and the ratification exchanged as foon as poffible.

In witnefs whereof, we the underfigned, being furnished with full Fowers,

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teries.

An act to enable his majesty to establish a court of criminal judicature on the eastern coast of New South Wales, and for the regulation of his majesty's marine forces while on fhore there.

An act to continue the laws now in force for regulating the trade between the fubjects of his majefty's dominions, and the inhabitants of the territories belonging to the United States of America, and to render the provifions thereof more effectual.

An act for repealing the feveral duties of customs and excife, and granting other duties in lieu thereof, and for applying the said duties, together with other duties compofing the public revenue; for permitting the importation of certain goods, wares, and merchandize, the produce or manufacture of the European dominions of the French king, into this kingdom; and for applying certain unclaimed monies, remaining in the exchequer, for the payment of annuities on lives, and to the reduction of the national debt.

An act to enable the lord high treasurer, or commiffioners of the treasury, for the time being, to let to farm the duties granted by an act, made in the 25th year of the prefent reign, on horfes let to hire for travelling poft, and by time, to fuch perfons as fhould be willing to contract for the fame.

An act for allowing the importa tion and exportation of certain goods, wares, and merchandize, in the ports of Kingston, Savannah la Mar, Montego Bay, and Santa Lucea, in the ifland of Jamaica; in the port of Saint George, in the island of Grenada; in the port of Roseau, in the ifland of Dominica; and in the port of Naffau, in the island of New Providence, one of the Bahama iflands, under certain regulations and restrictions.

An act for laying additional duties upon licences to be taken out by perfons dealing by retail in fpirituous liquors.

An act for making further provifions in regard to fuch veffels as are particularly defcribed in an act, made in the twenty-fourth year of the reign of his prefent majefty, for the more effectual prevention of fmuggling in this kingdom, and for extending the faid act to other veffels and boats not particularly described therein; for taking off the duties on flasks in which wine or oil is imported; for laying an additional duty on foreign geneva imported; for taking off the duty on ebony, the growth of Africa, imported into this kingdom; and for amending feveral laws relative to the revenue of cuftoms.

An act for appointing commiffioners further to enquire into the fees, gratuities, perquifites, and emoluments, which are, or have

been

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been lately, received in the feveral public offices therein mentioned; to examine into any abuses which may exist in the fame, and to report fuch obfervations as shall occur to them, for the better conducting and managing the business transacted in the faid offices.

An act for further regulating the trade and business of pawnbrokers.

An act for appointing commiffioners further to enquire into the loffes and services of all fuch perfons who have fuffered in their rights, properties, and profeffions, during the late unhappy diffenfions in America, in confequence of their loyalty to his majesty, and attachment to the British government.

An act for allowing further time for inrolment of deeds and wills made by papifts, and for the relief of purchafers.

An act to prevent frivolous and vexatious fuits in ecclefiaftical

courts.

ments that mutilate; torture; confifcation of goods, and forfeiture of eftates; and, finally, treasons of every kind, equalling them to crimes against individuals. It then proportions the following punishments to the nature of the crimes: trifling fines, in no cafe exceeding 300 crowns; private whipping; imprifonment, never to exceed a twelve. month; banishment to a lefs or greater diftance; pillory without banishment; pillory with banishment; public whipping; public whipping on an afs: for the women, confinement in the house of correction from one year upwards; if for life, the substitute for death, the criminal to have a different drefs, on which are to be fewed the words ultimo fupplizio: for the men, condemnation to the public works, as in the mines in the ifle of Elbo, the scoop-boats of Leghorn, &c. from three years upwards; if for life, a different drefs like that for the women, and, befides a ring to the leg, a double chain, naked feet, and the

Heads of the new Criminal Code of employment of the most fatiguing

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Tuscany.

N the preamble of the edict it is fet forth, that the legislature does not publish it without due experience; but that having, by his fovereign authority, mitigated all punifhments for the twenty years he has reigned, he has found that crimes, inftead of increasing, have remarkably diminished; the lefs very rare. ly happening, the greater being totally unheard of. It proceeds to abolifh all capital punishments; branding, ftrappado, and all punish

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kind. Befides the trials are fimplified; the prifoner has many advantages he had not before; the frequency of oaths is diminished, all evidence being to be given without, except on the prifoner's requiring an oath to be administered to any fufpected witness, when it is to be performed in a folemn manner. And even the few fines that are to be levied are not to go to the treafury, but to make a fund for the indemnification of those who have fuffered by infolvent or fugitive criminals.

CHARACTERS.

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CHARACTER S.

Portrait of Frederic the Second, late King of Pruffia, when Prince Royal; by M. De Suhm, April 2d, 1740. -From the Familiar Correspondence of Frederic the Second with that Gentleman.

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I believe his greateft paffion is that of fame, which he makes to confift in always acting conformably

ftrict reafon, in carefully divesting the mind of all prejudices, and as much as poffible, in never suffering them to enter it.

He is not to be fhaken in his re

folutions, when he has taken them after mature reflection; and he has given proofs of his firmness and elevation of mind, on the melancholy occafions he has had to exercife them, and in which he never abandoned himself for a moment.

He is good, generous, and liberal; fenfible and compaffionate to the misfortunes of others, and holds injuftice in horror.

HE honour I have had of frequently making my court to the prince royal of Pruffia, and of having had reafon to flatter myfelf with that of his good graces, may have given me fome juft ideas on this prince's manner of think ing but I am very cautious in undertaking to draw his portrait, in which I have reafon to think but few would fucceed. Were he not born a great prince, his fituation and misfortunes would have taught him to diffimulate; and it is by this that perfons have been hither. to deceived, who upon a word have hazarded judgments on the character of a prince, who never fpeaks without reflection, and fays nothing but what he means to fay. To avoid this fault, I will fpeak but in general terms, of a character which at prefent may be looked on as impenetrable, and to proceed with certainty. I will content my-me to fay to him one day, that he felf with speaking of the qualities I propofed to himself an end to which have remarked in him, and which he would never attain, viz. perfecare founded upon the fentiments I tion; he anfwered me, that "it was have conftantly heard him profefs. like the philofopher's ftone, and VOL. XXIX.

In his early youth, I remarked that he was fond of expofing the defects and ridiculous manners of others. I have found him quite changed from this, and he is now the firft to blame thofe of fuch a difpofition; he detefts calumny and calumniators above every thing.

I will not enter into a greater detail of the good qualities of this prince, who feriously endeavours to acquire them all; which induced

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thofe who fought for it, were rewarded for their pains by finding many good things in the way;" and as I took the liberty to add, that provided he preferved the half of the great fentiments which I knew he poffeffed, he would always be a great king; he replied, "he fhould be very forry ever to change his manner of thinking; but that this did not yet prove what I had faid," and modeftly finished by quoting to me the following verfe from Voltaire:

Tel brille au fecond range, qui s'eclipfe

au premier.

This prince particularly prides himself on a great firmness in his friendships and attachments; and I remember on taking final leave of him, having previously fhewn fome inquietude about what I had remarked, that a certain perfon of diflinction was no longer in his good graces, he wished to tell me the reafons which had induced him to put him at a distance from his perfon, graciously adding, that he owed me this detail, in order to leave me no fufpicion on the folidity of his friendship.

It has been remarked on the Rhine, that this prince has much valour. On one occafion among others, when he went to reconnoitre the lines of Philipfburgh, followed by a confiderable number of troops; paffing on his return by a thin wood, the cannon of the lines inceffantly accompanied him, and fhattered feveral trees by his fide, without his horse's going, on account of it, out of his pace, or the hand which held the bridle betraying in him the leaft extraordinary emotion. Those who obferved this, remarked on the contrary,

that he continued to fpeak with great tranquillity to fome general officers who accompanied him, and admired his countenance in a moment of danger, with which he had not yet had an opportunity of familiarifing himfelf. I learned this anecdote from the prince de Litchtenstein.

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I will not speak of his mind; it is well known he has adorned it by reading and continued reflection. This is what makes him love converfation, into which he never introduces public affairs, which he looks upon as matters which do not yet concern him. Thofe who have attributed to him difpofitions of hatred or friendship for certain interefts of princes, have certainly founded their conjectures upon vain appearances, from which they have drawn falfe conclufions. If he speaks in a friendly manner of a prince, they conclude from this, that he would arm for his interests, if he could do it. But this is an argument very fubject to caution, with refpect to a prince who never acts from caprice, but will be guided by reafon. He told me even one day, "that being a king, he thought he could make war against a prince for whom he fhould have the greateft affection; and that he could enter into the closest alliance with another whom he did not like at all."

As to the judgment of the prince royal, it is fo much the more juft, as he never concludes haftily, unlefs he can immediately give a reafon for fo doing. To give a flight inftance of this, I remember being at fupper with the field marshal Grumkav, where the prince Eugene, who died on the Rhine, was fpoken of; the question whether this prince

would

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