COCK-PIT, of a fhip of war, the apartment of the furgeon and his mates; being the place where the wounded men are dreffed in time of battle, or otherwife. It is fituated under the lower deck. mouth. Cock-Pit, Gentleman's Magazine for April 1789. "Died, books to his fair defendrefs. Philofophy fojourns in Cockburne, Cockburne. April 4. at Tottenham, John Ardefoif, Efq; a young the neighbourhood of religion; thefe philofophic re- Cockerman of large fortune, and in the fplendor of his veries would naturally lead a thoughtful mind to that carriages and horfes rivalled by few country gentle- fubject; and taking into her confideration the tenets men. His table was that of hofpitality, where it may of her prefent faith, fhe began to difcover their indebe faid he facrificed too much to conviviality; but if fenfible grounds: the therefore refolved to renounce it, he had his foibles, he had his merits alfo that far out- and published a vindication of her change in 1707; weighed them. Mr Ardefoif was very fond of cock- and returning to the eftablished church of Scotland, fighting; and had a favourite cock upon which he had fhe changed her condition likewife the next year, won many profitable matches. The last bet he laid 1708; and was married to Mr Cockburne, a learned upon this cock he loft; which fo enraged him, that he divine of that church. The duties of a wife and mohad the bird tied to a spit and roafted alive before a ther called Mrs Cockburne from her books and pen large fire. The fcreams of the miferable animal were many years; and domeftic cares engaging her attenfo affecting, that fome gentlemen who were prefent tion, we hear nothing of her as a writer till 1726, attempted to interfere; which fo enraged Mr Ardefoif, when her zeal for Mr Locke's opinions drew her again that he feized a poker, and with the moft furious ve- into public light. She exercited her pen afterwards hemence declared, that he would kill the firft man who as occafion offered; and in 1739 fhe entered into the interpofed; but, in the midft of his paffionate affe controverfy concerning the foundation of moral duty. verations, he fell down dead upon the spot. Such, and obligation. In that controverfy fhe wrote two we are affured, were the circumstances which attended treatifes, the firft of which the tranfmitted in manuthe death of this great pillar of humanity." fcript to Mr afterwards Dr Warburton, the late bishop of Gloucefter, who published it, with a preface of his own, in 1747. Mr. Cockburne furvived this publica- ✔ tion two years only. She died in 1749, and was interred at Long Horley, near her husband, who died the year before her, with this fhort fentence upon the tomb, "Let their works praife them in the gates.' Prov. xxx. 31. Her works were collected and publifhed in 1751, in two volumes 8vo, with an account of her life prefixed.-This collection is an incontestable proof of the author's genius. But her abilities as a writer will not be feen without attending to the peculiar circumftances in which her writings were produced: her early youth, for inftance, when fhe wrote fome; her very advanced age, and ill ftate of health, when she drew up others; the uneafy fituation of her fortune during the whole courfe of her life; and an interval of near 20 years, in the vigour of it, fpent in the cares of a family, without the leaft leifure for reading or contemplation; after which, with a mind fo long dis verted and encumbered, resuming her ftudies, fhe inftantly recovered its entire powers; and, in the hours. of relaxation from domeftic employments, pursued to the utmoft limits fome of the deepest refearches the human understanding is capable of. Her character is. that of a most uncommon lady,no lefs celebrated for her beauty in her younger years, than for her genius and accomplishments. She was fmall of ftature, but had a remarkable livelinefs in her eyes, and a delicacy of complexion which continued to her death. COCKBURNE (Mrs Catharine), a moft accomplished lady and celebrated writer, was the daughter of Captain David Trotter, a native of Scotland, and a feacommander in the reign of King Charles II. She was born in London, August 16. 1679, and baptized in the Proteftant church, according to which fhe was bred up in her infancy a Proteftant; but being a sprightly, ingenious, and beautiful child, fhe was particularly careffed by fome confiderable families among the Papilts. This favour naturally wrought a good opinion of fuch friends; and entering into an intimacy with them as fhe grew up, fhe became an easy conqueft to their faith, in which the continued many years. In the mean time her genius ripened apace, and fhot forth proofs of her talents for poetry, even before fhe had paffed her childhood. In her 17th year the produced a tragedy called Agnes de Cafiro, which was acted in 1695. This performance, and fome verfes addreffed to Mr Congreve upon his Mourning Bride in 1697, brought her into the acquaintance of that gentleman. Thus encouraged in her first attempt, her Mufe brought upon the ftage three plays more, before the death of Mr Dryden in 1701, to whofe memory fhe joined with feveral other ladies in paying a tribute of verfe. How ever, poetry and dramatic writing was not the moft diftinguished of Mifs Trotter's talents; fhe had a remarkable philofophic turn, and equal to fuch researches. Mr Locke's Effay on Human Understanding came out during this interval: that famous philofopher had dreffed out logic and metaphyfics in fuch a new mode as was very agreeable to the taste of the fex in general, and particularly engaged the attention and admiration of our young authorefs. She had begun to project a defence of the Effay againft fome remarks of Dr Burnet of the Charter-houfe, which was finished fo early as the beginning of December 1701. She had but lately paffed the 22d year of her age; and the materly way in which the piece was drawn, muft needs have given fingular pleasure to her great champion, who accordingly expreffed his fatisfaction by a prefent of COCKERMOUTH, a town of Cumberland ia England, fituated in W. Long. 3. 12. N. Lat. 54. 35. It is a large town irregularly built, with broad streets. It is wathed by the Derwent on the western fide; divided in two by the Cocker; and the parts are con nected by a ftone-bridge of one fingle arch. The number of inhabitants is between three and four thousand the manufactures are shalloons, worfted ftockings, and hats; the laft exported from Glasgow to the Weft Indies. It is a borough-town, and the right of voting is vefted by burges tenure in certain houses: this is alfo the town where the county elections are made. -Here is a caftle feated on an artificial mount on a bank above the Derwent. It has a fquare building, and ftrengthened with feveral fquare towers; on each are chiefly found in Cornwall, about the tin mines, and Cockle. fome fine cryftallized kinds have been brought from Scotland. The varieties are, 1. The fchoerlus martialis, or cockle mixed with iron. It is of a green colour, and found in most of the Swedish iron mines. It is coarse, and without any determinate figure. 2. The Spatofus, or fparry cockle, is found in fome places of a deep green colour; whence authors have called it the mother of emeralds. Its specific character is, that it always breaks in a cubic or rhomboidal form. In fome parts of Sweden it is found of a pale green, white, or black colour, and of a brown colour in Weftmoreland in England. It frequently occurs in the fcaly lime-ftones, and its colour changes from a deep green to white, in proportion as it contains more or lefs iron. Cocket, fide of the inner gate are two deep dungeons capable Cockle of holding 50 perfons in either; they are vaulted at top, and have only a fmall opening in order to lower through it the unhappy prifoners into this dire prifon; and on the outfide of each is a narrow flit with a flope from it, down which were fhot the provifions allotted for the wretched inhabitants. This caftle was founded by Waldof, firft lord of Allerdale, and fon of Gofpatrick earl of Northumberland, cotemporary with William the Conqueror. Waldof refided first at Papcastle, which he afterwards demolished; and with the materials built that at Cockermouth, where he and his family long refided; but feveral arms over the gateway, which Cambden says are thofe of the Multons, Humfranvilles, Lucies, and Piercies, evince it to have belonged in latter times to those families. It appears that it was first granted by Edward II. to Anthony de Lucie, fon of Thomas de Multon, who had affumed that name, because his mother was daughter and co-heiress to Richard de Lucie; and afterwards, by marriages, this caftle and its honours defcended to the Humfranvilles, and finally to the Percies. In 1658, it was garrisoned for the king; and being befieged and taken by the rebels, was burnt, and never afterwards repaired.-Cockermouth is now in the poffeffion of the Lowther family, who have here a great property in coal-works. The town fends two members to parliament. COCKET, is a feal belonging to the king's cuftomhouse, or rather a feroll of parchment fealed and delivered by the officers of the cuftoms to merchants, as a warrant that their merchandises are cuftomed. It is alfo ufed for the office where goods tranfported were first entered, and paid their cuftom, and had a cocket or certificate of difcharge. COCKLE, in ichthyology. See CARDIUM. COCKLE, or SHIRLE, in mineralogy, a fpecies of ftones of the garnet kind, belonging to the filiceous clafs. It is called Schoerlus by Bergman, Lapis corneus cryftallizatus by Wallerius, and Stannum cryftallis columnaribus It is hard and heavy, fhooting into cryftals of a prifmatic figure, principally of a black or green colour. The name cockle for thefe kinds of ftones is an old Cornish word; but is fometimes alfo applied to very different fubftances. The term birl is adopted from the Germans. The English mineral name of call has also been used by fome authors as fynonimous with cockle, and these are even confounded together at the mines; but the call, definitively fpeaking, is the fame with the fubftance called wolfram by the Germans. The specific gravity of thefe ftones is between 3000 and 3400, though always in proportion to their different folidities. They crack in the fire, and are very difficult to be fused; refifting both microcofmic falt and mineral alkali. They cannot totally be diffolved in aqua fortis; but the diffolved part is precipitated in a gelatinous form on the addition of an alkali. On a chemical analysis they are found to contain filiceous earth, argil, calcareous earth, and iron; which laft is found in a much greater quantity when they are o paque than when tranfparent. According to Bergman, fome contain 55 parts of filiceous earth, 39 of argillaceous, and fix of pure calcareous earth: but fome contain ten or twelve of magnetia. In Britain they 3. Fibrous cockle resembles threads of glass. These are either parallel, or like rays from a centre, in which laft cafe it is called ftarred cockle. Its colours are black, green, white, blackish green, and light green; all which are to be met with in Sweden. In Weltmanland it is found along with a fteel-grained lead ore; and here the whole is called gran-ris-malm, or pine-ore, from its refemblance to the branches of that tree. Cronstedt obferves, that the ftructure of this fubftance has caused it to be fometimes confounded with the afbeftus, and that to this fpecies belong most of the fubftances called imperfect afbefli. The ftriated cockle, compared with the afbeiti, is of a shining and angular furface, though this fometimes requires the aid of a magnifying glafs to difcover it; always fomewhat tranfparent; and is pretty eafily vitrified before the blowpipe, without being confumed as the pure afbesti seem to he. 4. Cryftallifed cockle is found of black, deep-green, light-green, and reddish-brown in Sweden, and fome other European countries. Near Bafil in Switzerland is found, though very rarely, a ftone called tauffflein, belonging to this variety. It is of a reddish-brown colour, and confifte of two hexagonal cryftals of cockle grown together in the form of a cross, which is worn by the Roman Catholics as an amulet, and called by them lapis crucifier, or the cross-stone. This form, however, is not peculiar to the cockle, for both Werner and Bergman mention cryftals of mountain-crystal joined together in the fame manner. This variety was lately found by M. Fichtel on the Carpathian mountains, cryftallifed in prifms, and embodied in limestone. It effervefces flightly with acids, and contains 61.6 of filex, 21.6 of calcareous earth, 6.6 of argil, 5 of magnesia, 1.6 of iron, and three of water. The reddish-brown prifmatic fhirl from Vefuvius contains 48 of filex, 40 of argil, five of calx, one of magnesia, and five of iron. Other kinds, however, have afforded 50 per cent. of filiceous earth, 30 of argillaceous, one or two of magnefia, and 18 or 20 of iron. The white fort probably contain lefs iron, but all become reddish by calcination. Cronstedt informs us that he has heard of lead being melted out of a kind of cockle from Rodbeck's Eng at Umea in Lap. land; and he also thinks it very probable, that fome of the cockles found in the English tin mines may contain tin. Some cryftals of cockle are more fufible than any fort of ftone whatever; thefe are always glaffy and femitransparent. 4 Cocos Cockney mitransparent. The precife figure of the cockle, tho' always prifmatical, is uncertain: that from Yxfio, at Nya Kopparberg, is quadrangular; the French kind has nine fides or planes, and the tauffftein is hexagonal. COCKNEY, a very ancient nickname for a citizen of London. Ray fays, an interpretation of it is, A young perfon coaxed or cocquered, made a wanton, or neftle-cock, delicately bred and brought up, so as when arrived at man's eftate to be unable to bear the leaft hardship. Another, A person ignorant of the terms of country economy, fuch as a young citizen, who ha ving been ridiculed for calling the neighing of a horfe laughing, and told that it was called neighing, next morning, on hearing the cock crow, to fhow inftruction was not thrown away upon him, exclaimed to his former inftructor, How that cock neighs! whence the citizens of London have ever fince been called cock Deighs, or cockneys. Whatever may be the origin of this term, we at leaft learn from the following verfes, at tributed to Hugh Bagot earl of Norfolk, that it was in ufe in the time of king Henry II. Plate CXLIII. Was I in my cattle at Bungay, I would not care for the king of cockney. The king of the cockney occurs among the regulations for the fports and shows formerly held in the Middle Temple, on Childermas day, where he had his of ficers, a marshal, conftable, butler, &c.-See Dugdale's Origines Juridiciales, p. 247. very COCKROACH. See BLATTA. In Captain Cook's la ft voyage, the hips, while at Huahcine, were infelt ed with incredible numbers of thefe creatures, whom it was found impoffible by any means to deftroy. E kind of food, when expofed only for a few minutes, was covered with these noxious infects, and pierced fo full of holes, that it refembled an honey-comb. They were particularly deftructive to birds which had been ftuffed for curiofities, and were fo fond of ink, that they ate out the writing on labels. Books, however, were fecured from their ravages by the clofenefs of the binding, which prevented them from getting in between the leaves. They were of two kinds, the Blatta Orientalis, and Germanica. COCKSWAIN, or CoCKSON, an officer on board a man of war, who hath the care of the boat, or floop, and all things belonging to it. He is to be always ready with his boat's gang or crew, and to man the boat on all occafions. He fits in the ftern of the boat, and fteers; and hath a whistle to call and encourage his men. COCLES, (Pub. Horat.) a celebrated Roman, who alone oppofed the whole army of Porfenna at the head of a bridge, while his companions behind him were cutting off the communication with the other fhore. When the bridge was deftroyed, Cocles, tho' wounded by the darts of the enemy, leapt into the Tiber, and swam acrofs it with his arms. A brazen ftatue was raised to him in the temple of Vulcan, by the conful Publicola, for his eminent fervices. COCOA, in botany. See Cocos. COCONATO, a town of Piedmont in Italy, famous for being the birth-place of Columbus, who first discovered America: E. Long. 8. o. N. Lat. 44. 50. COCOS, in botany: A genus belonging to the natural order,of Palma. The calyx of the male.is tripar tite; the corolla tripetalous, with fix ftamina. The Cocos. calyx of the female quinquepartite; the corolla tripetalous; the ftigmata three, and the plum coriaceous. There is only one fpecies known, which is cultivated in both the Indies, and is of the greatest ufe to the inhabitants. It is fuppofed to be a native of the Maldive and fome defert islands in the Eaft Indies; and from thence to have been tranfported to all the warm parts of America: for it is not found in any of the inland parts, nor any where far diftant from fettlements. The tree frequently rifes 60 feet high. The body of the trunk, which generally leans to one fide, occafioned, as is fuppofed, by the great weight of nuts it fuftains when young, is the exact fhape of an apothecary's large iron pestle, being of an equal thickness at top and at bottom, but fomewhat fmaller in the middle; its colour is of a pale brown throughout, and the bark fmooth. The leaves or branches are often 14 or 15 feet long, about 28 in number, winged, of a yellow colour, ftraight and tapering. The pinnæ or partial leaves are green, often three feet long next the trunk, but diminishing in length toward the extre mity of the branches. The branches are fattened at top by brown ftringy threads that grow out of them, of the fize of ordinary pack-thread, and are interwoven like a web. The nuts hang at the top of the trunk, in clusters of a dozen in each. Each nut, next the item, has three holes closely ftopped; one of them being wider, and more eafily penetrated than the reft. When the kernel begins to grow, it incrufts the infide of the nut in a bluish, jelly-like fubftance; as this grows harder, the inclosed liquid, distilled into the nut from the roots, becomes fomewhat acid; and the kernel, as the nut ripens, becomes ftill more folid; and at length lines the whole infide of the nut for above a quarter of an inch thick, being as white as fnow, and of the flavour of an almond. The quantity of liquor in a full grown nut is frequently a pint and upwards. The hufky tegument of the nut confifts of frong, tough,. ftringy filaments, which, when removed from the fruit, resemble coarse oakhum, and may perhaps be conveniently enough used as fuch. The fhells of thefe nuts, being tipped with filver, are frequently ufed for drinking bowls. The bark of the tree may be wrought into cordage, and the leaves into baskets, brooms, hammocks in form of nets, mats, facks, and other useful utenfils. The liquor contained in the fhell is a moft cooling wholesome beverage in those fultry climates,, and the white kernel a moit agreeable food. The Maldive cocoa-nut is esteemed, by the inhabitants of thefe: islands, as a powerful antidote against the bites of ser-pents and other poifons. The cocoa-nut tree is pro- pagated by planting the nuts; which, in fix weeks or two months time, will come up, provided they are fresh and thoroughly ripe; but this is what few of them are when brought into this country; for they always gather them before they are ripe, that they may keep during their paffage. The best way, therefore, would be to gather fuch nuts as are thoroughly ripe in their native country, and plant them in a tub of dry: fand, in order to keep them from the vermin during their paffage. Here they will frequently fprout, which will be an advantage, as they may then be im-mediately planted in pots of earth, and plunged in the bark-ftove. COCTION,, COCTION, a general term for all alterations made in bodies by the application of fire or heat. COCYTUS, one of the rivers of hell, according to the theology of the poets. It has its name aTO TH xx, from groaning and lamenting. Hence Milton, Cocytus nam'd of lamentation loud, Heard on the rucful stream. It was a branch of the river Styx; and flowed, according to Horace, with a dull and languid ftream. COD, in ichthyology. See GADUS and FISHERY. CoD is also a term ufed, in fome parts of the kingdom, for a pod. See Pon. Con-Cape, a promontory on the coaft of New England, near the entrance of Bofton harbour. W. Long. 69. 50. N. Lat. 42. 0. CODDY-MODDY, the English name of a species of 2 The code is accounted the fecond volume of tl civil law, and contains twelve books; the matter of which is nearly the fame with that of the digefts, efpecially the first eight books: but the flyle is neither fo pure, nor the method fo accurate, as that of the digefts; and it determines matters of daily ufe, whereas the digefts difcufs the more abftrufe and fubtle queftions of the law, giving the various opinions of the ancient lawyers. Although Juftinian's code is diftinguished by the appellation of code, by way of eminence, yet there were codes before his time; fuch were, 1. The Gregorian code, and Hermogenean code; collections of the Roman laws, made by two famous lawyers, Gregorius and Hermogenes, which included the conftitutions of the emperors from Adrian to Dioclefian and Maximinus. 2. The Theodofian code, comprifed in 16 books, formed out of the conftitutions of the emperors from Conftantine the Great to Theodofius the Younger: this was observed almost over all the weit, till it was abrogated by the Juftinian code. There are alfo feveral later codes, particularly the ancient Gothic, and those of the French kings; as the code of Euridic, code-Lewis, code-Henry, code-Marchande, code des Eaux, &c.; and the present king of Pruffia has lately published a code, which comprifes the laws of his kingdom in a very small volume. CODEX, in antiquity, denotes a book or tablet on which the ancients wrote. See CODEX. CODEX alfo denoted a kind of punishment by means of a clog or block of wood, to which flaves who had offended were tied faft, and obliged to drag it along with them; and fometimes they fat on it clofely bound. CODIA, among botanists, fignifies the head of any plant, but more particularly a poppy head; whence its fyrup is called diacodium. CODIA, in botany: A genus of the digynia order, belonging to the octandria clafs of plants. The calyx is tetraphyllous, with fmall oblong horizontal leaves; the corolla confifts of four very fmall lincar petals; the ftamina are eight filaments twice as long as the calyx; the antheræ are roundifh. N° 83. CÓDICIL, is a writing, by way of fupplement to a will, when any thing is omitted that the teflator would have added, or wants to be explained, altered, or recalled. CODLIN, an apple useful in the kitchen, being the molt proper for baking. CODLING, an appellation given to the cod-fish when young. See GADUS. CODON (Kadav), in antiquity, a cymbal, or rather little brafs bell, refembling the head of a poppy. They were fastened to the trappings and bridles of horses. CODON, in botany: A genus of the monogynia or. der, bolonging the decandria clafs of plants. The calyx is decempartite, with the fegments alternately long and fhort; the corolla campanulated, with the limb decempartite and equal; the nectarium decemlocular, of ten fcales inferted into the heels of the ftamina; the feed-cafe bilocular; the feeds hairy, roundish, in a dry coloured pulp. CODRINGTON (Chriftopher), a brave English officer, and not lefs diftinguifhed for his learning and benevolence; was born at Barbadoes in the year 1668, and educated at Oxford; after which he betook himself to the army; and, by his merit and courage, foon recommending himself to the favour of king William, was made a captain in the first regiment of foot-guards. He was at the fiege of Namur in 1695; and, upon the conclufion of the peace of Ryfwick, was made captaingeneral and governor in chief of the Leeward and Caribbee islands. However, in 1701, feveral articles were exhibited against him to the house of commons in England; to which he published a diftinct and particular anfwer, and was honourably acquitted of all imputations. In 1703, he fhowed great bravery at the attack of Gaudaloupe: but at laft he refigned his government, and lived a ftudious retired life; for a few years before his death, he chiefly applied himself to church-hittory and metaphyfics. He died at Barbadoes, on the 7th of April 1710, and was buried there the day following; but his body was afterwards brought over to England, and interred, on the 19th of June 1716, in the chapel of All-Souls College, Oxford. By his laft will, he bequeathed his plantations in Barbadoes, and part of the island of Barbuda, to the fociety for propagating the gofpel in foreign parts; and left a noble legacy to All-Souls College, of which he had been a fellow. This legacy confifted of his library, which was valued at 6000l.; and 10,000l. to be laid out, 6000 in building a library, and 4000 in furnishing it with books. He wrote fome of the poems in the Mufa Anglicana, printed at London in 1741. CODRUS, the 17th and laft king of Athens, fon of Melanthus. When the Heraclidæ made war against Athens, the oracle faid that the victory would be granted to that nation whofe king was killed in battle. The Heraclide upon this gave ftrict orders to fpare the life of Codrus; but the patriotic king disguised himself and attacked one of the enemy, by whom he was killed. The Athenians obtained the victory, and Codrus was defervedly called the father of his country. He reigned 21 years, about 2153 years before the Chriftian era. To pay more honour to his memory, the Athenians made a refolution that no man after Codrus fhould reign in Athens under the name of king. COECUM, Codrus Coecum -Coelus. COFCUM, or BLIND-CUT. See ANATOMY, no 93. Dr Mufgrave gives us an account, in the Philofophical Tranfactions, of the cœcum of a dog being cut out without any prejudice to the animal. Mr Giles gives us another of the cœcum of a lady being diftended, fo as to form a tumor that held almoft three chopins of a thin, greyish, almost liquid fubftance, of which The died. And Mr Knowler a third, of a boy's cocum being vaftly extended and ftuffed with cherry-ftones, which likewife proved mortal. Coffea. Hefiod, he married Terra or the Earth: on whom he Coemetery begat Aurea or the Mountains, the Ocean, &c. But having at length imprifoned the Cyclops, who were alfo his children, his wife, being offended, incited her fon Saturn to revenge the injury done to his brothers; and, by her affillance, he bound and caltrated Cœlus, when the blood that flowed from the wound produced the three furies, the giants, and the wood-nymplrs; and the genital parts being thrown into the fea, impregnated the waters, and formed the goddess Venus. This deity was called by the Greeks Uranus. COEMETERY. See CEMETERY. COEMPTIONALES, among the Romans, an appellation given to old flaves, which were fold in a lot with others, because they could not be fold alone. COELESTIAL, or CELESTIAL, in general, denotes any thing belonging to the heavens: thus we fay, cæleftial obfervations, the caleftial globe, &c. COELIAC ARTERY, in anatomy, that artery which iffues from the aorta, juft below the diaphragm. See ANATOMY, no 123. COELLAC Vein, in anatomy, that running through the inteftinum rectum, along with the coeliac artery. COELIMONTANA PORTA (Pliny), one of the gates of Rome, fituated at the foot of mount Calius; and hence its name: thought to be the ancient Afinaria by fome; but this others doubt. By this gate Alaric with his Goths is faid to have entered and plundered Rome. COELIOBRIGA (anc. geog.), a town of the Bracari in the Hither Spain, to the fouth of Bracara Augufta, the north of the Durius, and not far from the Atlantic; a municipium (Coin). Now thought to be Barcelos, a town of Entre Minho y Duero. W. Long. 9. 15. Lat. 41. 20. COLLIUS MONS, one of the feven hills of Rome; fo called from Coeles, a Tufcan captain, who came to the affiftance of Romulus against the Sabines, (Dionyfius Halicarnaffeus). Called alfo Querculanus, or Quercetulanus, from the oaks growing on it; and Auguftus, by Tiberius (Tacitus, Suetonius). To the caft it had the city walls, on the fouth the Coeliolus, to the weft the Palatine, and on the north the Efquiliæ. COELIOLUS, a part of mount Coelius to the fouth, called Minor Calus (Martial); having the city walls on the eaft, the Aventine to the fouth, on the weit and north the valley through which the rivulet of the Appia runs. COELOMA, among phyficians, a hollow ulcer, feated in the tunica cornea of the eye. COELOS PORTUS (anc. geog.), a town of the Cherfonefus of Thrace, to the fouth of Seftos; where the Athenians erected a trophy, after a fea victory over the Lacedemonians (Diodorus Siculus). COELOSYRIA, in the larger fenfe of the word, was the name of the whole country lying fouthward of Seleucia, and extending as far as Egypt and Arabia : but this word is principally applied to the valley lying between Libanus and Antilibanus. This word occurs only in the apocryphal writings of the Old Tefta ment. COELUS (Heaven), in Pagan mythology, the fon of Ather and Dies or Air and Day. According to VOL. V. Part I. COENOBITE, a religious who lives in a convent, or in community, under a certain rule; in oppofition to anachoret, or hermit, who lives in folitude. The word comes from the Greek now, communis; and Bi, vita, "life". Caffian makes this difference between a convent and a monaftery, that the latter may be applied to the refidence of a fingle religious or reclufe; whereas the convent implies canobites, or numbers of religious living in common. Fleury fpeaks of three. kinds of monks in Egypt; anachorets, who live in folitude; canobites, who continue to live in commu. nity; and farabaites, who are a kind of monks-errant, that ftroll from place to place. He refers the inftitution of cœnobites to the times of the apoftles, and makes it a kind of imitation of the ordinary lives of the faithful at Jerufalem. Though St Pachomius is ordinarily owned the inftitutor of the cœnobite life; as being the firft who gave a rule to any community. COENOBIUM, xov, the fate of living in a fociety, or community, where all things are common. Pythagoras is thought to be the author or first inftitutor of this kind of life; his difciples, though fome hundreds in number, being obliged to give up all their private eftates, in order to be annexed to the joint #tock of the whole. The Effenians among the Jews and Platonits are faid to have lived in the fame manner. Many of the Chriftians alfo have thought this the moit perfect kind of fociety, as being that in which Chrift and his apoftles chofe to live. COESFELDT, a town of Germany, in Weftphalia, and in the territories of the bishop of Muntter, where he often refides. It is near the river Burkel, E. Long. 64. 2. N. Lat. 51. 58. COEVORDEN, one of the ftrongest towns in the United Provinces, in Overyffel, fortified by the fa mous Cohorn. It was taken by the bishop of Munfter, 1673; and the Dutch retook it the fame year. It is furrounded by a morafs. E. Long. 6. 41. N. Lat. 52.40. COFFEA, the COFFEE TREF: A genus of the mo nogynia order, belonging to the pentandria clafs of plants; and in the natural method ranking under the 47th order, Stellata. The corolla is funnel-fhaped; the ftamina above the tube; the berry inferior, difpermous; the feeds arillated, or having a proper exterior covering dropping off of its own accord. There is but one fpecies, fuppofed to be a native of Arabia Felix. It feldom rifes more than 16 or 18 feet in height; the main ftem grows upright, and is covered with a light brown bark; the branches are produced hori |