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tion. It is thickly settled, and in general well cultiva-rable height but of gradual slope, called the North and
ted-with very little wood, and that little very rapidly South Valley Hills. The formation of the valley is lime-
disappearing. Coal obtained from the Schuylkill is al- stone of the transition kind, which soon disappears as
ready much used. In a short time it must be the uni-you ascend the hills on either side. To the presence of
versal fuel. The natural soil of this section is not re-limestone of excellent quality, in inexhaustible quantity,
markably good. It has been enriched, however, by and easily quarried, it is indebted in a great degree for
judicious cultivation so as to yield good crops of corn, its high state of cultivation, and for the wealth and
wheat, and grass. The farmers of this district, almost prosperity for which its inhabitants have always been
all attend the city market regularly, with the products remarkable.
of their farins-butter, eggs, poultry, vegetables, &c.
The population is industrious and thriving. The build-
ings are substantial, and the whole district has an air of
cheerfulness and comfort.

No villages of any consequence have occurred as yet. We have passed the Buck Tavern; the Spread Eagle, and the Paoli, all of excellent quality, and kept by most substantial and respectable men, besides a host of inferior taverns which have sprung up for the accommodation of wagoners on the turnpike.

Near the Paoli Tavern is the scene of the bloody surprize and massacre inflicted by General Grant upon a part of Wayne's brigade during the revolutionary war; and further on, just this side of the Warren, is a ravine through which a countryman led the British General in his midnight excursion. The country was then wooded, and this pass was so little known that no precaution was taken against attack from that quarter. It was a bloody business-traditions say the traitor guide fell at first fire from the American camp.

Though the Valley (so called) terminates at the Schuylkill on the east, yet the same formation continues on the other side, including several townships of Montgomery county, and passing through Bucks to the Delaware, near New Hope. Traces of it are found on the Jersey side near Lambertsville. The lime of Plymouth and Whitemarsh, both east of the Schuylkill, is deemed the best that comes to our market. On the line thus indicated from West Brandywine to the Delaware, will be found the most valuable farms of Chester, Montgomery, and Bucks.

In this formation also occurs the marble, both black and white, used for building and for mantles in Philadelphia. It shows itself in various places, but is only worked at points of easy communication with the city. The principal quarries, are Hitner's, east of the Schuylkill, on the road from Germantown to Norristown; and Henderson's west of the river in Lower Merion. It is also found and considerably worked at West Whiteland, seven miles west of the Warren.

Having now traversed the route leading through the The land in the Chester valley is of excellent quality, counties of Philadelphia and Delaware, and entered improved to a high degree by cultivation. Of course, the important county of Chester; and having got a fair its agricultural product is very great, finding employ. start in our contemplated journey through the state, ment for a great number of mills, and affording a large we shall take care not to weary ourselves, or our com-export to the Philadelphia market. It is watered by panions (by the way, we are happy to see the number several branches of the Schuylkill and Brandywine increasing so rapidly) by too long stages, at least at first. which have considerable fall, and afford good mill-seats. The Warren Tavern kept by our old friend Fahnestock, ever since the Revolution, or for aught we know, since Braddock's defeat, or Cromwell's war, is close at hand. We know that a good bed awaits us there, and as to supper, let fat Dinah, the cook, alone, for getting up the eatables, always provided she has been moderate in her drafts upon the contents of the bar.

At the Warren therefore we sleep-calculating to take our first look into the Chester valley just as it becomes glorious beneath the rays of the rising sun.

No. 2.

Our first sketch broke off abruptly on the top of the South Valley hill, near the Warren Tavern, and about 20 miles from Philadelphia. Resuming our journey, the first object that strikes us is the Chester Valley, immediately below us, and stretching from east to west as far as the eye can reach. Whoever has a taste for beautiful scenery, and especially for that in which smil ing and well cultivated fields are a main ingredient, will do well to pause at this spot. He may travel much farther without finding any thing superior. Probably no equal portion of the continent contains a larger amount of agricultural wealth and rural comfort than this valley, called by its inhabitants the "Great Valley," for no better reason that we know of, except, that it happens to be the smallest of those similar formations by which the state is traversed.

The inhabitants of this region are principally of the society of Friends, or at least descended from Quakers, The characteristics of that respectable sect are very visible in the neatness, order, and comfort that prevail. Property seldom changes hands, except in the regular course of transmission from father to son, and a sheriff's sale of valley land for debt is almost a phenomenon. The houses are almost invariably of stone; and that species of rough cast denominated pebble-dashing is very fashionable. Besides its abundant agricultural products, lime is a staple of this valley, as well for home consumption as for exportation. Great quantities of it find a market in Wilmington and Philadelphia. The burning of lime has made sad havoc among the timber; already the very tops of the boundary hills begin to look bare in many places, while below, the trees have nearly dis. appeared. It cannot be long before coal must be the universal fuel for domestic and for all other purposes. That coal must come from the Susquehanna, or from the Schuylkill, and MUST PASS ON THE PENNSYLVANIA RAIL ROAD.

But it is time we had resumed our journey. From the summit of the South Valley Hill, then, we begin to descend on its northern slope, at the rate of twenty-eight feet in the mile, which rate of graduation is maintained for about eight miles, when we arrive at Valley Creek, which we cross by a viaduct five hundred and seventyseven feet long, and fifty-eight above the water line.

We have now attained the surface of the valley with

The Valley proper may be regarded as commencing on the Schuylkill, not far from Norristown, and extend-in a few feet. This stream is not so large as the length ing westwardly a little inclining to the south, crossing both branches of the Brandywine, and losing itself among the hills about three miles west of the west branch of that stream. Its length is not farfrom thirty miles, and its greatest breadth, judging by the eye, about six miles. It gradually narrows as you proceed westward, and after passing the little Brandywine, is confined within very narrow limits. Its whole course is included in the county of Chester, except two townships of Montgomery, lying west of the Schuylkill, (Upper and Lower Merion.) It is bounded on each side by hills of conside

of the bridge would indicate, being nothing more than what would be called a respectable mill stream. It runs, however, in a wide ravine over which the bridge is thrown. By it the water of one half that part of the valley east of Downingtown is carried off, and poured into the main branch of the Brandywine. It interlocks with another creek of the same name, which empties into the Schuylkill four or five miles above Norristown, Near the mouth of the latter is the "Valley Forge," so conspicuous in American history. The mention of this celebrated spot almost tempts us to enter upon a sketch

titled "Florula Cestrica," designed to illustrate the Botanical resources of his native county, has been highly commended by the most competent judges. It is no part of our present plan to praise individuals-but a ca reer so unostentatious, and yet so practically useful as that of Dr. Darlington, seemed to us to form an excep tion. He is the pride and favorite of the county of Chester, and justly so, for he has done more to render her population prosperous, intelligent, and happy, than any other individual.

From the Young Men's Advocate.

MAJ. MOSES VAN CAMPEN.

of the military operations of which it was the centre, during the winter of '77-78. On a future occasion we shall probably do so, as it will enable us to explain more fully the topography of the region within thirty miles of Philadelphia-besides illustrating some remarkable circumstances connected with the position and the operations of the army at that time which have never yet, as we believe, been fully developed in history. Meanwhile, having passed Valley creek, we proceed by the rail road, westward, gradually approaching the middle of the valley for about three miles to the main branch of the Brandywine, immediately south of the flourishing village of Downingtown. The graduation continues to be descending at the rate of twenty-eight feet in the mile, to within half a mile of the creek when it begins to We take up the pen to notice a few prominent scenes ascend at the same rate. The viaduct across this stream, in the life of this revolutionary patriot. We shall make is four hundred and sixty-five feet long, and twenty-six no attempt at a biographical sketch; our purpose is feet above the water. The crossing place here is re-barely to give publicity to the acts which marked his markably favorable. Our description of Downingstown early military career in the war of the revolution. and Brandywine must be reserved for a future number. In our journey of to-day we have passed the road leading to the Yellow Springs. It diverges from the Lancaster turnpike at the Ship Tavern, five miles west of the Warren. This favorite resort of our citizens in the summer is situated on the high ground north of the valley, in the midst of a fertile and salubrious country. To the fine air and agreeable walks which surround the Springs, more, perhaps, than to any medical quality of the water, must be attributed the benefits which invalids derive from a visit to this elevated region. The water is intensely cold, and very slightly impregnated with iron, which, by communicating a yellowish tinge, gives name to the spot. The cold bath for plunging, or in showers, is used by the visiters with excellent effect.

That oblivion should envelope in its dusky folds the important services of many of our veteran soldiers, is a reproach upon the national honor; and, as long as the meed of gratitude is withheld, a stain rests on the page which tells the moving history of this proud republic. The grave has closed on worth and geniusthat where and how would unfold a story of national wrong and injustice over which posterity will drop the unbidden tear. In the wilds of the western mountains, forgotten and neglected, the high-born and gallant patriot, Arthur St. Clair, closed his earthly pilgrimage. Justice, long delayed, came with its award in time to behold the closing ritual from the hand of strangers. How many of that glorious band, who toiled for the liberties of their country, have been left in ignominious silence, to slumber out the remnant of their days, and We omitted also to notice, that on the south valley pass from among us unhonored and forgotten, cannot hill, the West Chester rail road joins the great state now be told. Tardy gratitude comes with the sting of line. From the hill, nearly all the way to West Chester, death, and had better be withheld than bestowed. The the distance is, by the course pursued, nine miles. As neglect of this age will receive the just censure of the the state rail road begins to descend the hill at the same next, and when posterity shall hold in veneration the point, and continues on the northern slope, the two names of the fathers of our country, the bitter curse of works lie close to each other for three or four miles, national ingratitude will be irrevocably fixed upon that the one increasing in elevation as we proceed-the period where we could least wish to behold the ingloother decreasing. When the communication between rious stigma. West Chester and the Susquehanna shall be fully established, and an important trade grow up, it will be necessary to connect the two works by an inclined plane, and stationary power, at a point about three miles from the present junction, in order to avoid the circuit which the present arrangement would require. The scheme is perfectly practicable, and has already attracted the notice of the intelligent Directors of the West Chester Rail Road.

The war of the revolution broke out in the year 1775. Great Britain sent her ships and armies to coerce her American subjects into an humble submission to laws unjust and oppressive in the extreme. The battles of Lexington and Bunker Hill soon taught his Majesty George III. that a manly resistance would be made, and that the revolted colonies would prefer death before submission. All the western posts on the waters of the great lakes, were in the possession of the British. As West Chester is the seat of justice for the impor-Agents were sent by the crown to all the Indian tribes, tant and flourishing county of Chester, it is entitled to from the province of Maine to the state of Georgia, with particular attention. We have been promised, by angold to purchase their friendship and allegiance; and intelligent gentleman resident there, an accurate ac- without the exception of a single tribe, the whole savage count of its history, condition, and prospects, which, as population became allies to the British government. soon as received, will be presented to our readers. This band of ruthless foes was stretched like a chain Meanwhile we shall only remark, that it is delightfully around our western frontiers. On the sea-board the situated on the high ground between the Brandywine British troops were to be opposed, and on the western and the head waters of Chester creek, the highest ground borders, the united force of British tories, and Indians. for many miles round. It is a prosperous end flourishing borough, with about 1300 inhabitants, and is probably the most salubrious and agreeable country residence this side of the Susquehanna. Its population are remarkable for intelligence and public spirit, and for the attention they have paid to literary and scientific subjects. It is here one of our favorite exchange papers, THE VILLAGE RECORD," is published.

The subject of this notice was then a citizen of Northumberland county, Pa. After the declaration of Independence, in the year 1776, in the 18th year of his age, he renounced his allegiance to the King of Great Britain, and took up arms in defence of his country. Having served as a volunteer until August, 1777, he then joined the regiment commanded by Col John Kelly, stationed at Big Island, and Bald Eagle creek, on the west branch In the lead of those who have exerted themselves for of the Susquehanna. He served in this regiment three the improvement. moral, mental, and physical, of the months. It was during this period that the Indians were county of Chester, stands Dr. William Darlington, an roving through the sparsely settled country, in small eminent physician and naturalist, and a scientific and detachments, spreading havoc and death to a fearful practical farmer. This gentleman ranks among the first extent. There remained no longer any safety for the botanists of our country, and is recognised as such inhabitants, as the fires of the savages were nightly by the distinguished Savans of Europe. His work, en-lighted from the dwellings of their murdered victims.

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To preserve the terrified population from the merciless tomahawk, forts were ordered to be built for their reception. In the spring of 1777, VAN CAMPEN took the command of a small detachment of nine months men, and built a small fort on the waters of Fishing creek which emptied into the north branch of the Susquehanna river. It was soon filled by the surrounding population, who fled from their homes and their all, rather than wait til the warwhoop should sound their doom. It was not long before the inmates of the fort were put to the trial of their security. In the month of May, the fort was attacked by a large party of Indians. Van Campen and his men gave them a warm reception, and defended their post manfully. It was at fearful odds that the little band sustained the shock; after a long conflict and a bloody one for the Indians, they collected their scattered forces and withdrew. But savage ven-hour when they were sound in sleep, cut off their bands, geance remained unsatisfied; many a fire broke out in the darkness of that night, in the route of the retiring forces. The deserted tenements were all laid in ashes. The same year, Van Campen intercepted a small party of Indians, and, in the conflict that ensued, he succeeded in killing five. The chief and party ran. the spring of 1779, a number of companies of boatmen were raised to man the boats built by Government to convey the provisions for Sullivan's army, from sundry places of deposit on the Susquehanna river, to Wilkesbarre, and from thence to Tioga Point. Van Campen was appointed Quarter Master of that department, and superintended the conveyance of the provisions to Tioga Point by water. While the army was lying at Tioga Point, waiting for General James Clinton to arrive with his brigade, at the request of Gen. Sullivan, he reconnoitered the Indian camp at Chemung. The next night, Van Campen went with a detachment, and fought the Indians, at a place called Hogback Hill, and routed them from their ambuscade, with some loss of killed

ground to fight on, and if they did not succeed, the alternative was to sell their lives as dearly as possible. If another day should close upon them in captivity, and it would soon wing its course, hope would grow faint, and perchance the taunt the triumphs, and the lingering death, would be meted out in all its horrors, while every effort at manly resistance would be palsied. His fellow prisoners agreed to join in the attempt. The natural vigilance of the Indians returned, and it was well for the prisoners that they were far from the place of destination.

and wounded.

In

His fa

In March, 1780, a party of Indians reached the fron-
tiers in the neighborhood of his father's farm, and as
Sullivan, in 1779, had destroyed their towns and villages,
it was thought they would not venture upon their accus-
tomed deeds of violence. In the hope that the frontiers
would have some rest, and lulled into a fatal security
from the shy movements of this band of savage wariors,
many returned to their homes, and ventured to engage
in their ordinary occupations. Van Campen went with
his father to his Farm, and assisted in erecting a shanty
for lodging. On the morning of the 29th of March,
they were surprised by a party of ten Indians.
ther and brother were inhumanly killed, scalped, and
thrown on the fire, and himself taken prisoner.
Van Campen was pinioned, and the party took up
their march. Two other prisoners were taken in the
course of the next day. Their route over the mountain
was very difficult, and in many places the snow was
deep. They came to the north branch of the Susque-
hanna, at little Tunkhannock creek where the Indians
had moored their canoes after descending the river.
When they had crossed over to the east side, the canoes
were propelled into the middle of the stream and set
adrift. The party then proceeded along the bank of
the river towards its source. On the way to Whilusink,
Van Campen improved an opportunity which the un-
wonted carelessness of the Indians offered, in suggest.
ing to his companions in captivity a plan of escape, only,
however, to be effected in the total massacre of the In

dian party.

The motive for such a daring attempt was indeed a powerful one, for he well knew their fate, being the first prisoners taken after Sullivan's campaign. Van Campen was well aware, that under these unfavorable auspices, they would, after a parade in savage triumph through the Indian villages, suffer every torture that dispositions wild, uncontrolled, and revengeful, could suggest, and finally grace a burning pile. He reasoned under these convictions, that they had now an inch of

On the fourth day of their captivity, a few moments offered for consultation on the mode of attack. As the Indians had on former nights laid five on each side of the fire, the prisoners bound and placed between them, Van Campen's plan was to procure a knife, and at an disarm the savages of their guns and tomahawks, and the three prisoners with each a tomahawk, come to close work at once. This plan was objected to by the other two. All agreed in the necessity of disarming. The objectors to Van Campen's mode, thought it best for one of the party to fire upon the Indians, on one side of the fire, while the remaining two were engaged in the work of death on the other. Van Campen was decidedly opposed to this proposition, as the moment a shot was fired, the alarm would be given, and it would then involve the issue in a dreadful uncertainty. They were obstinate, and as there remained no alternative, he submitted, and they pledged themselves one to the other to fight unto the death in the proposed conflict, rather than remain long in captivity, with a cruel death in the prospect.

On the night of the second of April, about 12 o'clock, the prisoners concluded that all the Indians were sound in sleep. Van Campen had previously procured a knife. They rose, cut themselves loose, and immediately I removed all the arms. It was a moment of the most thrilling interest; five brawny savages were stretched at ted from the burning brands, scarcely threw back the length on either side of the fire. The faint light emitshadows of night from the sleeping forms. Their outlines, however, were full and fair to the eye accustomed to watching through the heavy hours of a night in the and discovered the situation of the captives. Van Camwilderness. At that moment two of the Indians awoke, pen and one of the men were on one side of the firebe lost; in an instant the two that were rising fell before his partner proved the coward. Not a moment was to his tomahawk, and sunk into the arms of death. He despatched the third one, when the shot was made on the opposite side of the fire. The alarm was then general. Three were mortally wounded from the shots wound as he was on the jump. The stroke was aimed -four still remained. Van Campen gave one a severe at his head, but sunk into his shoulder. He fell, and unfortunately as Van Campen was on the leap after the savage, his foot slipped, and he fell by his side. They grappled together, each exerting his utmost power to prevent the use of the knife and tomahawk. After a short and severe struggle, they mutually relaxed their hold, which was no sooner done than the Indian regained his feet and run. The victory was complete, only one of the ten Indians, who had laid down to repose in confidence and security that evening, ever reached their villages or Fort Niagara.

We would here observe, that common report says, many years after this conflict, the Indian who so narrowly escaped with his life called upon Major Van Campen at his residence, where a mutual recognition took place. The subject of that eventful evening was talked over, when the Indian, after partaking of the hospitalities of the house, departed on apparantly friendly terms.

On the 8th of April, Van Campen, was commissioned as a Lieutenant of Infantry, in the Pennsylvania line, the

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remaining part of the year 1780 was spent in recruiting a company, when organized, they mustered 110 men, and were detached from the frontier service. In the year 1781, it was reported that a large body of Indians lay on the Cinimihone river, west branch of the Susquehannah. Col. Samuel Hunter, who was then in command, selected Capt. Peter Grove, Capt. William Campbell, Lieutenants Grove, Creamer, and Van Campen, to act as spies in discovering the location of the Indian forces, to ascertain their size, watch their movements, and to make report by sending in one of their number. They marched in the month of August, but made no discovery, On their return one evening about sun-setting, they discovered a smoke, which they at once concluded must proceed from an Indian camp. The number could not be determined; at all events, it was settled in council to give them battle that night. They were dressed and painted in Indian style. Each had a good rifle, tomahawk, and a long knife. It was a fine evening; all felt fit for action, and eager for the conflict. The appointed time came, and, with a silent and stealthy step, they reached the camp undiscovered. To their surprise, they found that the battle must be waged with about thirty Indian warriors. They kept their rank, and each man fought arm to arm; first used the tomahawk and knife, and then poured in their five shots-raised the warwhoop, and roused the whole party with a loss of four killed and several wounded. It was a roving party that had long been a terror to the frontier settlers; they had killed and scalped two or three families, and plundered every house they had vi

sited.

In the spring 1782, Van Campen was sent with a party of 25 men, up the west branch of the Susquehannah river. On the morning of the 16th April, on Bald Eagle creek he met with 85 Indian warriors. A severe battle took place; 19 of his men were killed, himself and five taken prisoners. The day after the battle the Indians killed one of the prisoners for some trifling

cause.

Van Campen and his fellow prisoners were marched through the Indian villages, some were adopted to make up the loss of those killed in the action. Van Campen passed through all their villages undiscovered; neither was it known that he had been a prisoner be fore, and only effected his escape by killing the party, until he had been delivered up to the British at Fort Niagara. As soon as his name was made known it became public among the Indians. They immed iately demanded him of the British Officer, and offered a number of prisoners in exchange. The commander on the station sent forthwith an officer to examine him. He stated the facts to the officer concerning his killing the party of savages. The officer replied that his case was desperate. Van Campen observed that he considered himself a prisoner of war to the British; that he thought they possessed more honor than to deliver him up to the Indians to be burnt at the stake; and in case they did, they might depend upon a retaliation in the life of one of their officers. The officer withdrew, but shortly returned and informed him that there remained no alternative for him to save his life, but to abandon the rebel cause and join the British standard. A farther inducement was offered that he should hold the same rank that he now possessed, in the British service. The answer of Van Campen was worthy the hero, and testified the heart of the patriot never quailed under the most trying circumstances. "No sir, no: my life belongs to my country; give me the stake, the tomahawk, or the scalping knife, before I will dishonor the character of an American officer.

In a few days, Van Campen was sent down the lake to Montreal, and there put in close confinement, with about 40 American officers. In the month of September he was taken out of prison, with ten of the other officers, and sent to Quebec. From thence they were removed to the Isle of Orleans, on the St. Lawrence, i

24 miles below the city. About the 1st of November' they were put on board a British vessel, which sailed to New York, where he was exchanged, and immediately returned to the service of his country.

On the 16th of November, 1783, he was finally discharged from the army of the United States, after a perilous service of a little more than 7 years.

Major Van Campen is still living, [at Danville, Liv. ingston Co.] in green old age, in possession of his faculties, and enjoying, in common with his countrymen, the fruits of our free institutions, which have sprung into life since he mingled in the revolutionary contest. He is respected for his patriotism and bravery, and beloved for the amiable qualities of his mind, by an extensive circle of friends. Benevolent in his disposition his life, since the revolution, has been spent, not in hoarding up wealth for self gratification, but in alleviat ing the distresses of the unfortunate, and extending the hand of charity to the wants of his fellow beings. B. Wayne, N. Y. August 13.

From the Commercial Herald.
HUNTINGDON COUNTY, (PA.)

Messrs. Editors-Having understood that you had expressed a desire to publish in your valuable paper, "Sketches" of the natural history of the several counties in Pennsylvania, I take the liberty of furnishing you with a brief notice of Huntingdon County. Though now rapidly growing into importance, through the instrumentality of public improvements, and the conse quent stimulous given to industry and enterprize, it is but a few years since it was denominated "the back woods;" and scenes of Indian massacre are yet fresh in the recollection of many of the inhabitants. Even its location, except as delineated on the maps, is yet but imperfectly known to strangers.

The general features of this section of country, like its pioneer settlers, are "rough and strong," occasional y presenting to the eye of the traveller views of terrific grandeur, partaking of the "sublime of nature's works." One of these presents itself in travelling westward immediately on passing the boundary of Mifflin county, on "Drake's Hill," a part of Jack's mountain. The turnpike road is carried along the side of an awful pre. cipice, with "avalanches" of rock and rolling stone on each side, threatening to slip from beneath your feet, or overwhelm you from above, On this hill you catch a glimpse of Aughwick Valley, stretching southward. This, though not generally so fertile, is perhaps as large south of Shirleysburg, stood "Bedford Furnace," the as any valley in the county. Here, about four miles first one erected in Western Pennsylvania. It has long since fallen to ruins. The estate, formerly Ridgley & laid out at the scite of the old furnace, called "OrbisoCromwell's has changed owners, and a town has been nia," from the name of the present proprietor, in which a post office, bearing the same title, has recently been established. The inexhaustible mines of iron ore, and never failing water power, at this place, are likely once more to make it "known to Fame." Two furnaces have been lately built, and a forge is now being erected in the immediate neighborhood. The ore is chiefly prized for its peculiar adaptation to the manufacture of castings. But to resume our travels.

At the foot of Drake's Hill, the mind of the traveller, especially if he has descended in a stage coach at half speed, feels greatly relieved, and the eye is greeted with a view of the river Juniata and the Pennsylvania Canal on the opposite side, built and excavated along the base of a mountain, bearing the same threatening aspect with the one he has passed. A little farther on you get along side of the canal at "Jack's," where it

*William Orbison of Huntingdon.

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crosses the river on a handsome covered aqueduct, but soon are obliged to leave it, and "take to the hills" again. There is nothing then to interest the traveller until you get near to Huntingdon, the county town, except an occasional peep at the river and canal, and some fine mountain scenery. The approach to the town is peculiarly beautiful. At about half a mile distance, the road cut through a valuable quarry of solid rock, acquires an elevation of some twenty or thirty feet above the canal, from which it is separated by a railing placed on a nearly perpendicular wall. On rounding the hill, the aqueduct across the mouth of Stone Creek-the town beyond, with its spires, gardens, and adjacent highly cultivated fields-the canal, river, and variegated "leafy world" on the surrounding hills burst at once on the enraptured vision! The "grave-yard hill," within the limits of the borough, covered with half-grown forest trees, is (strange to tell) an admired and much frequented spot by the living. The place was formerly called "Stone Town," or "The Standing Stone," from the circumstance of a stone some ten or twenty feet high, having been erected here by the Indians "time out of mind," on which hieroglyphics were inscribed, indicating to those who frequented the place, the course which the party of hunters preceding them had taken, their success in the chase, &c. Tradition relates that the original stone was destroyed or concealed by the Indians at the time of their expulsion by the white savages. Fragments of the stone erected in imitation thereof by the whites, are yet in the possession of some of the inhabitants, on which are inscribed the names of visiters, and dates as early as 1760. The town was injudiciously laid out; no street or avenue along the river, narrow streets and without alleys, and as injudiciously selected, with regard to local advantages, for the seat of justice, when the organization of the county took place in 1787. Notwithstanding these disadvantages it is a wealthy and respectable place. In days of yore it was famous for its hospitality and sociability.

It was no uncommon occurrence to see the parson's lady lead down the contre-dance by the powdered mechanic, to the melodious "Flowers of Edinburg" or "White Cockade." The inhabitants are not quite so "primitive" in their manners now. Wealth here, as elsewhere, has exercised its magic power, and the descendants of those who "some time back" in the progress of gentility had no family intercourse, are now united in the bonds of matrimony and the old folks sit and chat, "cheek by jowl" with zeal, or affected complacency.

Huntingdon for many years commanded the trade of the whole county. The progress of improvement has extended equal facilities to other portions, and of course, deprived it of much of its former sources of traffic. It is still the natural depot and outlet of the surplus products of Wood-cock and Stone Vallies. The former a rich limestone soil, and though rather hilly, well adapted to the culture of small grain. The direct public road to Bedford passes through it; the inhabitants are generally of German extraction. Stone Valley has heretofore chiefly been considered valuable for its forests of timber and the facility of transportation afforded by the creek which gives name to it. Though better calculated for grazing than grain growing, yet it contains some good upland; iron ore has been discovered in the neighborhood, and a furnace is about to be built on the head of the creek-a forge a few miles lower down has been in operation some years. In this valley are situated the "Warm Springs," a place of considerable resort during the watering season. The water is something colder than the common temperature of our rivers, light on the stomach, diuretick, and a chemical analysis discovers the presence of magnesia. It has been found serviceable in rheumatic affections. But as my leaf is filled I must cease for the present at least, though

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Names and Places of Residence, of Foreigners who hold stock in the State Debt of Pennsylvania, agreeable to the Report of the Auditor General, made to the Senate of Pennsylvania in January last: together with the amount held by each, where the amount is five thousand dollars or upwards, but under that sum the amount is not carried out, with each name. Be it remembered that the first name on the list of stockholders is a foreigner.

Loan per Act of April 2d, 1823.
Bethia Alexander, Airdrie House, Scotland.
The Right Honourable Sir William Alexan-
der, Knight, of London,
James Brown, Esq. of Leeds, Eng.
Richard M. Bell, of St. Jago de Cuba.
Baring, Brothers, & Co. bankers of London,
Cropper, Benson, & Co. of Liverpool, Eng-
land,

Maria Serafina Aloy, Veuve Chauviteau, of
Paris, France.

Donald Cameron, jr. of Lochiel, in Scot

land.

Francais Maria Delessert of Paris.
Mrs. Candelaria, Yradi De Bell.
John Ferguson of Irvine, in North Britain,
and Andrew Service now in London.
Charlotte Finch, of Charles street Berkley
Square, Middlesex in England.
Gowan and Marx, London.
Samuel Gurney of London.
The Right Reverend James Hoby, of Upper
Stamford, England.

Paul Moon James, banker and others of
Birmingham, England.

Mary Finch, of Berkley Square, Middlesex,
England.

Mrs. Lydia Sophia Melizet.
John Marshall, of Leeds, England.
Mary Prime, of Twickenham, Middlesex,

and Richard Prime, Esq. of Walburton
House, Sussex, England.
Ambrose Policarpe de la Rochfoucauld, duc
de Doudeauville, of Paris,
Alexander Saunderson, Esq. of Castle Saun-
derson, county of Cavan, Ireland.
William A. Sears of Bermuda, Dame Louisa
Stracham, of Middlesex, Eng.
Thomas Wilson, & Co. of London,
Christopher Wordsworth of Cambridge,
England.

Total amount of this loan held by Foreign-
ers including all sums under $5,000
Amount of Loan $930,000.

$17,500 $50,000

13,500

15,000

9,3000 7,000

5,000

9,000 25,000

6,387 53

5,000

7,000

24,285

15,000

5,000

6,500 12,500

$202,825 94

Loan per Act of March 30th, 1824.
Thomas Badaraque,

Alexander Baring and Richard Willing of
Montreal, Canada.

Cardelia Van Wickeyport Cromlin, of Haar-
lam, Holland.

S. Girard in trust for L. Cune of the Isle of

France.

do for F. Poussin,

do for John F. De Lasa

do for J. J. Benoist

For a more particular account of this Co. its iron

not half through the county. Should my lucubrations works, &c. see Reg. vol. 1. p. 41. vol. 7. p. 396. vol. prove acceptable, I may perhaps be tempted to finish | 8.275.

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