out any such diminution, as circumstances shall indicate.
For effecting these purposes, the devices are so simple as to run little risk of having any parts of the apparatus put out of order, and the original expence of constructing the houses will be lefs than those in use at present; besides, glafs of any kind that may be on hand at present may be so modified as to admit of being converted to the uses here, mentioned with very trifling expence.
I am aware that by merely stating these particulars without explanations, I run the risk of being accounted a visionary; but the time is not, I trust, at a great distance when I shall have an opportunity of removing that stigma by a full and distinct explanation of particulars; for I have little doubt but such arrangements may be made as to admit of this being done in the course of the next (the fourth) volume of this work. It is hoped my correspondents will accept of this as a sufficient apology for this small delay.
To the Readers of this Work.
THE Editor cannot conclude this volume without tendering his most sincere thanks for the candid indulgence with which his readers have received the humble and imperfect efforts that he has made for their gratification; an indulgence that has impressed his mind with sensations which words are too feeble to exprefs-a liberality on their part which imposed upon him claims that he considered as irresistible, to perform, with the utmost punctuality pofsible, every part of the contract that he had engaged in for the accommodation of his readers.`
With these sensations operating upon his mind, he has felt himself exposed, during the progrefs of this volume, to a series of mortifications that have proved highly distrefsing to him. Owing to the misapprehension of parties, or other circumstances, he was astonished to find, upon receiving the thirteenth number, (which he did not see till it was all printed off) that it had been printed upon a paper so much thinner than that which had been formerly used. He went to town immediately, and gave the most positive orders to get paper of the former qua
tily, without regard to expence, strictly charging the printer not to work a sheet on paper of an inferior quality; yet inferior paper has still been used. No lefs than three times in the course of this volume has the same practice been repeated; and it was not till he at last gave orders to have paper made on purpose, to be at all times in readiness, of the same quality, that he could have any certainty of having this matter duly adjusted: that paper is now in the printing-office for the next volume; the last half sheet of this number, as well as the index (being one sheet more than the regular quantity), has been worked upon that paper: and he has received the most positive afsurances, that in future no circumstance of this unpleasant nature shall again take place.
The Editor has experienced also a similar kind of vexation respecting engravings. Though he came under no positive engagement with his readers on this head, yet it was his wish and his intention to give figures well engraved, wherever the subject should require it: but in this respect he has been repeatedly disappointed. For want of a pofsibility of getting the engravings executed at the time he wished, he has been frequently obliged to set aside efsays that were intended for insertion, and to substitute others in their stead; or to publish the former without the illustrations that he had prepared. At the present moment an essay is lying in the printing-office, the types of which have been set up for more than four months, for want of an illustrative figure that should accompany it; and another, a communication from an ingenious correspondent on a particular mode of constructing drains, has been lying in the printer's hands many months, for the want of an illustrative diagram. Thus has this work been made to assume a niggardly appearance highly unworthy the character of a gentleman on any occasion to countenance; and under the relation that the Editor stands in to his readers, superlatively disgraceful to him.
These circumstances operated so strongly on his mind, and gave him so much disquietude, that he had determined at one time to stop the publication entirely at the close of the present volume; for, instead of a pleasing recreation to him, as the work would otherwise be, it became a task of the most distrefsing kind: but the respect that he owes to his readers overcame that hasty resolution. He recollected, that several subjects were begun which could not be finished in this volume; and that it would be an ill return for their indulgence to him, to leave them with an imperfect work. From this consideration chiefly, he relinquished that idea. Should he again experience a failure in these particulars, he will on no account subject himself to a series of such vexations, and will quietly desist; but his readers may rest assured, that if this event should happen, he will take care to finish the subjects that shall have been commenced, so that they may be left in possession of a work complete at least as far as it goes. It is his wish to visit the Netherlands, should a peace take a place, in order to make himself fully acquainted with the rural economy of that country; in which case he fears he shall be obliged to suspend his publication, not daring to rely on the regularity of others: but this he will not do in an abrupt man
Amicus, query by, respecting a poker,
Cadjeput oil reduces coutchouc into a
fluid state without destroying its elas- ticity, 383 queries respecting it, 386. Calcareous matter, the opinion that it is Calves, a singular practice respecting the of animal origin contested, 368. Cattle, on the varieties of, 1-respecting rearing cf them, 330. ́hair, fur, or wool, 3-respecting size, 81-respecting milk, 94-Holderness Cedar of Lebanon, its picturesque pow- breed of, 8. Central towers of cathedrals, origin of, ers exemplified, 455.
Charles the Second, anecdote of, 154. Charles III. king of Naples, anecdote of, 316.
151-remarks on, 152. Anderson, Dr. of Madras, correspon- dence with, 224-on the cure of the bite of a snake, 225—on the cultiva- tion of hemp in India, 229. Anecdote of Mr. M‘Laurin, 152-and Charles the Second, 154. Angiolina del Duca, see a robber. Anglicisms, v. Scotticisms. Aphorisms respecting the circumstances Chemical philosophers, their aberrations that affect the separation of cream from Cheese, richnets of, the meaning of that in the art of reasoning noticed, 36c. milk, 1st. 322—2d. 325-3d. 326— 4th. 327-Important corollories dedu-Chinese fishes described, 457. phrase, 381. cible from them, 327 to 347. Architecture, its soft hair, 10. Chittigong cow, Grecian and Gothic, thoughts on their excellencies and Clarke, Dr. of Edinburgh, singular anec- dote of, 250. defects, 115. Arnee, the largest animal of the bos tribe, 82-figure of, 99. Asclepias, 314.
Bark of trees filamentiferous, 315. Barometer, its diurnal variations, 287. Bay-leaved willow, the wood of it may be made into paper, 316.
Ben Lomond, a poem, quotation from,
Belus, the temple of, 119. Billingsgate market described, 43. Bison of America affords wool, 8. Bite of a snake cured by spirit of harts- horn, 225-and eau de luce, 227. Blindness, advantages of, ironical, 469. Blinking, a question ludicrously de- cribed, 471.
Blood may be generated at pleasure, 250
-a remarkable instance of, 251. Bogs may be occasioned by grubs, 444. Boots made of coutchouc, 71. Bofs tribe, see cattle.
Breeding cattle, benefits that dairy farm- ers would derive from breeding their
Clothes, how to preserve from the de- struction of the moth, 183. Cloth preserved by coutchouc, 73. Coal-pit, the opinion that it is of vege- table origin contested, 371. Cock-chaffer fly, on the transformations and peculiarities of, 420-its larva a voracious grub, 421-different appear- ances of, supposed to indicate changes of weather, 423-in its fly state a sca- rabæus, 423-is destructive in both states to the produce of the fields, 424 -various ineffectual attempts to de- stroy it, 426-surprising numbers of grubs consumed by a family of jays, 428-fly, how it may be killed, 430- surprising number killed by a few boys, 431-destroyed by another sca- rabæus, 433-additional hints tending to prevent the ravages of this insect, 438-by employing scarabivorous in- sects, 439-and rooks, 44-and lay- ing baits for them by man, 441-by flooding with water, 442. Coincidences of ideas and expressions often occur where there is no sort of plagiarism, striking instances of, 210. 2 k
Conversation, a curious one, 46. Cordage, a perfect sort, and indestructible by moisture made of coutchouc, 77. Correspondents, to, 237. Correspondents, acknowledgments to, 488.
Corstorphin cream, preparation of, 346. Cosmetic, a beautiful one may be ob-
tained from the excrements of an in- sect, 186. Coutchouc of Pulo-pinang, some account of, 66—the manner of concreting the juice, 68-and making gloves, boots, &c. of it, 71-covering cloth with it, 7-uses that may be made of it for preserving cloth from rotting, and making it impervious to water, 73- roofs to houses, nets, 75-fishing-lines, 77-cordage, 77.
Coutchouc, farther observations on, 202 -may be employed to preserve paint- ings from the action of the air, 202- manner in which paintings might be as it were hermetically sealed within two coats of, 205.
Coutchouc, farther observations on, 376 -botanical description of the urceola elastica, 377-hints tending to get this plant farther propagated, 379-the concrete coutchouc, experiments on, 381-can be reduced to a fluid state without losing its elasticity, 383-a list of other plants that afford similar juices, 385.
Cow, a remarkable one, 95-another, ditto, 165.
Cows, general management of, for the dairy, 241—should never be allowed to be lean, 242-should be provided with succulent food in winter, 24;—should be petted in summer, 244-stall feed- ing useful, 245-should be kept in a moderate and equable temperature, 246-should be kept remarkably clean, 247-and should be milked three times a day, or oftener, 248-how the quan- tity of it may be augmented, 249. Covent Garden church characterised, 289.
Covent Garden market described, 45. Cream never separates from milk till an acid be produced, 237.
Cui Bono, by Dean Tucker, 210.
Earwig, on its transformations and habits, 348-its larva nearly the same figure with the imago, 351-feeds on fruit, 351-in its imago state it has wings of a singularly curious construction, 351 -described and figured, 352-the eggs hatched by the parent, 354-remark- able size when new hatched, 355- devour one another when pinched for food, 356-how to destroy them, 357 -varieties of, 357.
Economy of nature in respect to the ge-
neration of blood and milk, 259. Ephemera fly, on its transformations and peculiarities, 18-description of in its larva and imago state, 21-figure of, 24-singular phenomenon exhibited by it on the river Seine, 26-short life of, and mode of propagation, 32-va- rieties of, 35.
Elm bark, its uses, 315.
Entomology, uses that may be derived
from the study of, 258-farther obser- vations on, 436.
Entomophilus, his observations on ento- mology, 257-on the earwig, 348. Eutyches, his sly observations on hap- pinefs, 139.
Excrements of an insect affords a fine pigment and cosmetic, 185. Excrementitious fluids of animals are oc- casionally converted into blood or milk, 259.
Experimental agriculture, hints that re- quire to be chiefly adverted to in, 1- 81.
Fabricius, his entomology, 35 Farm, experimental, hints respecting the circumstances that require to be ad- verted to by such an institution, I→ 81. Farmer's Boy, a poem, characterised, 39-quotation from, 392-farther re- marks on, 393-and quotation, 396. Farquharson, Mr. his remarkable breed of milch cows, 96.
Dairy, practical remarks on the manage- ment of, 162-1st. choice of cattle for, 163-2d. kinds of food, and mode of feeding cows for the dairy, 174— d. general management of dairy cows, 241-4th. times of milking the cows, 248-5th. general aphorisms respect-Figure of the musk cow and bull, 17— ing the separation of cream from milk, the Ephemera in its worm, pupa, and
Fibres of wood that may be converted into paper, 315.
imago state, 25-the Arnee, 99-the Formica-leo in its worm, pupa, and imago state, 13-the wing of an ear- wig, 32-milk-house plan, &c. 417 -the Cock-chaffer fly in its larva and imago state, 420. Filamentiferous plants, remarks on, 312 -hemp, flax, nettles, 312— giant hemp, 313-sea grafs, 314-bark of trees, Otaheitean cloth, 315-fibres of wood, ditto, 315-palm tree bay wil- low, 116.
Filamentiferous plants in India, short list of, 232.
Fishing-nets and lines rendered inde- structible by coutchouc, 77.
Flax, on the cultivation of, in India,
Flower garden described, 446.
Food, kinds of, that are best for milch COWS, 174.
Forficula auricularia, v. earwig. Formica-leo, or lady fly, account of, 100 -remains two years in its larva state, 100-its form and singularity of man- ners, 101-figure of in its different states, 103-its patience and persever- ance, 104-its surprising strength, 105 -and power of abstinence, 109-its pupa state, 111-in its fly state, 113 -varieties of, 14.
Fortune, directions how to make one,
Gooseberry bush, an undescribed disease of, noticed, 268. Gothic architecture illustrated, 112-de- vices adopted for forming the nef, 116 -central towers, origin of, 118-the temple of Belus, pyramids, and obe- lisks, 119-spiral towers or spires, 121 -of Strasburgh, 122-of Old Aber- deen, with a view, 123-of St. Giles's church, Edinburgh, 124-double tow- ers, 129-Gothic windows, 129-the east window of York cathedral, 131. On grandeur and sublimity in artificial structures, 19-rules for judging of, 192-hay-stack an object of great sub- limity, 194-description of, 196- magnitude and simplicity of form con-
stitute the idea of grandeur here, 197 -St. Paul's church, London, loses its effect from the complication of its parts, 199-the Pantheon of Rome, 199-wall at the King's Bench prison, 199-ruins, circumstances that con- stitute grandeur in them, 200-and the picturesque, 201-St. Paul's church, Covent Garden, 289-incongruity of, 290-the palace of Hampton Court, its defects, 291-of Whitehall, 292- the unexecuted model of St. Paul's church peculiarised, 292-Sir John Vanburgh, why he failed in his at- tempts at grandeur, 293-his struc- tures characterised as picturesque, 293. Grub, of the cock-chaffer, description of, 421-lives in that state in the ground according to some four years, 422- to others six-it changes its colour a little, 423-goes deep into the ground in winter, 422-comes to the surface in summer, 425-and is then picked up by rooks, 427-435-440-by the inclemency of the weather, 433-pe- culiarly fond of lettuce, 442-may be extirpated by rain, 442-more effec- tually by irrigation, 443-they may be the means of draining and of drowning ground, 443-draining may be sometimes effected by grubs,
Grunting ox, v. Chittigong cow. Gryllus Tartaricus and nigratorius, 261, Gulls useful in a garden, 159. Guinea sparrows, 189-psittacus pulla- rius, v. sparrows.
Hair, fur, or wool, varieties of cattle re- specting this particular, 3. Hairbrain, Timothy, Lucubrations of, 445.
Hampton Court characterised, 291. Happinefs, sly observations on, 139. Hasty decisions, propensity to, censured, 80.
Hay-stack, a remarkable one, 191. Heat above and below ground, experi
ments, observations, and queries, tending to ascertain the circumstances that affect them differently, 271- comparative table of, 274--additional observations on, 275-apparatus for this purpose, hints to improve, 276— defects of thermometers, 277-air thermometer recommended, 281-at- tention to unobserved circumstances that may affect it recommended, 283 -probable variations between the night and day, 288.
Hemp, on the cultivation of in India, 229.
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