Imágenes de páginas
PDF
EPUB

ACCLIVOUS (acclivis, L.) rifing up wards, fteep up.

ACCOLLE (in Heraldry) collared, or wearing a collar, Fr.

the value of a thing equal to what it was accounted. 6. A reckoning referred to, or fum charged upon any particular perfon; and thence, figuratively, regard, confideration, fake. 7. A narrative, relation. In this ufe

ACCOMMODATION, the compofure er putting an end to a difference, quarrel, &c.it may feem to be derived from conte, F. a alfo convenience.

ACCOMMODATION (in Philofophy) the Application of one thing by analogy to another.

ACCOMPANIMENT, fomething attending or added as a circumftance to another, either by way of ornament, or for the Take cf fymmetry, or the like.

ACCOMPANIMENTS (in Heraldry) are all fuch as are applied about the fhield, by way of ornament, as the belt, mantlings, fupporters, &c.

To ACCOMPANY (accompagner, F.) to go or come with.

ACCOMPLISHMENT (accomplissement, F.) the entire execution, atchievement, or fulfilling of fomething propofed or under

taken.

[merged small][ocr errors]

To ACCORD (derived by fome from cerda, the ftring of a mufical inftrument; by others from corda, hearts; in the first, implying barmony, in the other unity) to make agree, to adjust one thing to another, with the particle to.

To ACCORD, to agree, to fuit with one another, with the particle with.

ACCORD (accord, F.) 1. A compact, an agreement. 2. Concurrence, union of mind. 3. Harmony, fymmetry, just correfpondence of one thing with another. 4. Mufical note. 5. Voluntary motion. 6. Action in fpeaking, correfpondent to the words.

ACCORDAMENT (from accord) 1.Agree. ment with a perfon, with the particle with. 2. Conformity to fomething.

ACCORDANT (accordant, F.) Willing, in a good humour.

ACCORDING (from accord) 1. In a manner fuitable to, agreeably to, in proportion. 2. With regard to.

ACCORDINGLY (from accord) agreeably, fuitably, conformably.

ACCOUNT (from the old F. accompt, from compactus, L.) originally written accompt; but by gradually foftening the pronunciation, in time the orthography changed to account. 1. A computation of debts, or expences; a regifter of Facts relating to Money. 2. The ftate or refult of a Computation; as the account stands thus | between us. 3. Such a ftate of perfons or things, as may make them more or less worthy of being confidered in the reckoning, value, or estimation. 4. Diftinction, dignity, tank. 5. A reckoning verified by finding

tale, a narration. 8. The review and examination of an affair taken by authority; as, the magiftrate took an account of the tumult. 9. The relation and reasons of a tranfaétion, given to a person in authority. 10. Explanation; affignment of caufes. 11. An opinion concerning things previously eftablished. 12. The reafons of any thing collected. 13. In Law account is, in the common Law, taken for a writ or action brought against a man, that, by means of office or bufinefs undertaken, is to render an account to another, as a bailiff to his master, a guardi an to his ward.

To ACCOUNT see account) 1. To esteem to think, to hold in opinion. 2. To reckon, to compute. 3. To give an account, to affign the caufes; in which fenfe it is followed by the particle for. 4. To make up the reckoning; to answer for practices. 5. To appear as the medium by which any thing may be explained. 6. To affign to, with the particle to. 7. To hold in esteem.

ACCOUNTABLE (from account) of whom an account may be required; who must answer for: followed by the particle to before the perfon, and for before the thing.

ACCOUNTANT (from account) accoun table to; refponfible for.

ACCOUNTANT, a computer, a man fkilled or employed in accounts.

ACCOUNT-Book, a book containing ac

counts.

ACCOUNTING (from account) the act of reckoning, or making up of accounts. ACCRETION, growing or fticking to,

Lat.

ACCRETION (with Naturalifts) is frequently apply'd to the increafe of fuch bodies as are without life, and it is alfo called Appofition or Juxta-pofition.

}

ACCRETION (with Civilians) a ACCREMENT vague or vacant portion of ground, joined or united with grounds held or poffeffed by another.

ACCROCHE (in Heraldry) is when one thing hooks into another, F.

ACCURATELY (accurate, L.) with exactness and nicety.

ACCU'SABLE (accusabilis, L.) that may be, or deferves to be accufed.

ACCUSATIONZ (in the Civil Law) is ACCUSATIONS the intending a criminal action against any one, either in one's own name, or that of the publick.

· ACEPHAʼLOUS ('Axipaños, Gr.) without a head.

ACER'B (acerbus, L.) of a compound tafte, which confifts of four, and a degree of rough

nefs,

[ocr errors]
[blocks in formation]

ACETABULA (Anatomy) certain Glandules in the Chorian, one of the skins which cover a child in the womb.

ACH'E (with Farriers) a disease in horfes, caufing a numbness in the joints.

ACHER'NER (in Aftronomy) a bright fixed ftar of the first magnitude in Eridinus, whofe Longitude is 10, 13 degrees, and latitude 59, 18.

To ACHIEVE (achever, F.) to atchieve, to accomplish; to perform or finish fome notable act or exploit.

ACHIEVEMENT (acbevement, F.) a notable performance.

ACHILLES, a name which the schoolmen give to the principal argument alledged by each fect of philofophers in their behalf.

ACHRONICAL (achronicus, L. of a ACHRONICK} privat. and xpivos, time, Gr.) out of, or without time.

A'CIDS, are kinds of falts, all whofe little particles are long, pointed and fharp at their extremities, and make the tongue feel a fharpnefs, as citrons, lemons, oranges, tamarinds, &c. the most fenfible effect of them is the coagulation of thofe liquors, with which they are mixed. The manner how thefe coagulations are effected, by the Acids topping the pores of the liquor, upon which they are poured, in fuch fort, that the fubtile matter cannot país more into it, and fo they grow thick and lofe their motion.

Natural ACIDS (with Phyficians) are fuch as have a proper fharpness of their own, as juice of lemons, &c.

Artificial ACIDS (with Chymifts) are fuch as are prepared by the fire, in chymical ope

rations.

Manifeft ACIDS, such things as affect the tongue, with a fense of sharpness and fournefs. Dubious ACIDS, such things which have not enough of the acid nature, to give fenfible marks to the taste; but yet agree with the manifeft acids in other properties. ACIDITY

(with Chymifts) the acidity A'CIDNESS or keennefs of any liquor. that confifts in keen particles of falts diffolved and put into a violent motion by the means of fire.

ACID'ULATED (of Acidula, L. fpawwaters) having a mixture of nitre, vitriol, alum, and falt.

A'CINI (with Botanifts) are taken for thofe grains that grow thick, or fmall grains growing in bunches, after the manner of grapeftones, of which the fruits of the Eldertree, Privet, and other plants of the like kind are compofed.

ACINI (with Phyficians) the feed that is within a fruit, and thence they in their prescriptions frequenrly use ova exacinata, i. e. the acini, or feeds being taken out,

Lat.

ACME ('Axun, of a neg. and Kaμm, to be weary, Gr.) the uppermost point) top, or pitch.

ACME (with Phyficians) is used to denote the 3d degree or height of diftempers, of which many have four periods. 1ft, The Arcbe or beginning; 2d, Anabafis, the increase or growth; 3d, the Acme, when the morbifick matter is at the height; 4th, the Paracme or declenfion of the disease.

ACON'TIAS ('AxiTiaç, Gr.) a fort of comet or blazing ftar, in form resembling a javeline or dart.

ACORN'ED (in Heraldry) bearing acorns. ACQUAINTED (of accointe, F.) intelligence or notice of, made known to, inform or having told of any matter.

A'CRE, an act of parliament made in the time of king Edward I. ordained, that an acre of land should contain 160 perches or poles, to be made out square, or 4840 yards fquare, or 43,560 feet fquare; but in divers places in this kingdom this has been altered by custom, by varying perches in the number of feet, as 18, 20, 24, and fometimes 28 feet to the perch.

ACRO'TERES ('Axpolúpia, Gr.)

ACROTE'RIA (with Anatomifts) the utmoft parrs of a man's body; as his fingers ends, &c.

To ACT' (a&tum, fup. of ago, L.) to do, operate, or perform.

ACT' (actus, of ago, L. to do) is the effective ufe or application of fome power or faculty, by means of which fomething is effected.

ACTS, are alfo the deliberations and refolutions of a publick affembly, as of a parliament, council, convocation, &c.

Preparatory ACTION (in Law) is that Prejudicial ACTIONS which grows from some doubt in the principal; as fuppofe a man fues a younger brother for land, defcended from his father, and objection is made that he is a baftard, the baftardy must be first try'd, and thence the action is call'd Prejudicial.

ACTION upon the cafe (in Law) a writ brought for an offence done without force against any man; as for defamation, nonperformance of promife, or some other mifdemeanor.

ACTION upon the cafe for evords, is brought where a perfon is injured or defamed, or for words fpoken which affect a perfon's life, office or trade, or to his lofs of preferment in marriage, fervice, or which occafion any particular damage.

ACTION upon the flatute (Lar term) an action brought upon the breach of a ftatute, as where perjury is committed to the prejudice of another.

[blocks in formation]

Neceffary moral ACTIONS (in Ethicks) are when the perfon, to whom the law or command is given, is bound abfolutely to perform it by virtue of the law of the fuperior. ACTIONS moral-good (in Etbicks) are fuch as are agreeable to the law.

ACTIONS moral-evil (in Ethicks) are fuch are difagreeable to the law. ACTIONARY Į the proprietor of an ac ACTIONISTtion or actions, or fhares of a company's stock.

ACTIVENESS (activitas, L.) nimbleness, readiness, or propensity to act.

Sphere of ACTIVITY of a Body, is that fpace which furrounds it, fo far as the virtue or efficacy of it extends and produces any fensible effect.

ACTUAL Fire (with Surgeons) that which beras at first touch, as fire itself, or fearing

irons. To AC UATE (acuatum, L.) to sharpen. ACUTE accent, fee accent. ACUTE angle (in Geometry) any angle less than a right angle; or containing less than go degrees.

ACUTE angled triangle (in Trigonometry) a triangle which has all its angles acute, as; ACYROLOGIA ('Auch gie, Gr.) an improper way of Ipeaking; a bull. ADDER's-Grafs, an herb. ADDER's-Wort, an herb. ADDITIONS of Eftate or Quality (in a Law Senfe) are yeoman, gentleman, efquire, &c. ADDITIONS (of Degree) the fame as Eames of dignity, as duke, earl, &c. ADDITIONS (of Place) as fuch a perfon of London, Brifiel, &c.

To ADDRESS (addreffer, F. From deregar, Span. From dirigo, directum, L.) 1. To prepare one's self to enter upon any action; as, be addreffed bimself to the work. 1. To get ready; to put in a ftate for immediate ufe. 3. To apply to another by words; with various forms of conftruction. 4. Some. times without a propofition. 5. Sometimes with to. 6. Sometimes with the reciprocal pronoun; as, be addreffed himself to the General. 7. Sometimes with the accufative of the matter of the addrefs, which may be the nominative to the paffive. 8. To addrefs, is to apply to the king in form.

ADDRESS (addreffe, F.) Verbal application to any one, by way of perfuafion, petition. 2. Courtship. 3. Manner of addreffing another; as we say, a man of an happy, or a

pleafing addrefs; a man of an aukward addresso 4. Skill, dexterity. 5. Manner of directing a letter; a fenfe chiefly mercantile. ADDRESSER, (from addrefs) the perfon that addreffes, or petitions.

ADDUCENT (adducens, L.) drawing or leading to.

ADDUCENT Eufcles, fee Adductores. ADEPHAGIA('Adepayiz, Gr.)an eating to fill, greediness.

A'DEPS (with Anatomifts) a fmaller part of the body, differing from pinguedo, in that it is a fubftance thicker, and more earthy. It flows from the blood through peculiar veffels into bags or blanders, which receive it,

ADEQUATE (adæquatus, L.) fomething equal to or co-extended with another, and filling the whole measure and capacity of it.

To be ADEQUATE, is to be every way equal, as to capacity, extent of power, and all other properties; neither falling fhort of it, nor exceeding it in any part.

ADE'QUATENESS (of adæquatus, L.) equality, &c.

ADHESION 2 (in Natural Philofophy ADHERENCESignifies the state of two bodies, which are joined or faftened to each other, either by the mutual interpofition of their own parts, or the compreffion of external bodies.

ADIAPHO'RA ('Adipure, Gr.) things indifferent, neither commanded nor forbidden, which, while they are fuch, perfons are at liberty to do, or not to do.

ADIAPHO'RIST (of a and diapopio, Gr.) a moderate or indifferent perfon.

ADIAPHORY (Adiapopín, Gr.) a fort of eafinefs or cool inclination, as to the choice of one thing before another; cool affection or behaviour towards another perfon.

ADJOURNMENT in Eyre (Law Term) an appointment of a day, when the justices in Eyre meet to fit again.

ADIPSA ("A4, Gr.) medisines or ju leps to quench thirst.

To ADJUDGE (adjuduo, L.) 1. To give the thing controverted to one of the parties by a judicial fentence; with the particle to before the perfon. 2. To fentence, or to condemn to a punishment, with to before the thing. 3. Simply to judge; to decree; to determine,

ADJUDICATION (adjudicatio, L.) the act of judging, or of granting fomething to a litigant, by a judicial fentence.

TO ADJUDICATE (adjudico, L.)

To ADJUDGE; to give fomthing contro verted to one of the litigants, by a fentence or decifion.

ADJUNCT (adjun&us, L.) joined to.

ADJUNCT' (in Civil Concerns) a collegue, or fellow officer, affociated) to another, to affift him in his office, or to overfee him.

ADJUNCT (with Philofophers) whatever does not naturally and effentially belong to a being, but is adjoined or added to it over and above,

AD.

ADJUNCTION, a coupling or joining to, L. | flag in his ship's fore-top.

To ADJUST (adjuster, F.) 1. To regulate; to put in order; to fettle in the right form. 2. To reduce to the true ftate or ftandard; to make accurate. 3. To make conformable. It requires the particle to, before the thing to which the conformity is made. ADJUSTMENT adjustment, F.) 1. Regulation; the act of putting in method; fettlement. 2. The state of being put in method; or regulated.

ADJUTANT, a petty officer, whofe duty is to affift the major, by distributing the pay, and overfeeing the punishment of the com

mon men.

ADJU TOR, a helper or affifter, L. ADJUTORIUM (in the Medicinal Art) a means of cure, fubfervient to others of more importance. ADJUTORY affifting, helping.

(adjutorious, L.) aiding,

ADJU TRIX, a fhe-helper, L.

To ADMINISTER (administro, L.) 1. To give; to afford; to fupply. 2. To act as the minister or agent in ay employment or of fence; generally, but not always, with fome hint of fubord ation, to adminifter the government. 3. To adminifter justice. 4. To adminifter the facrament. 5. To adminifier an oath. 6. To adminifter phyfick. 7. To adminifter to; to contribute; to bring fupplies. 8. To perform the office of an adminiftrator, in Law. See adminiftrator.

To ADMINISTRATE, (adminiftro, L.) to exhibit; to give as rhyfick.

ADMIRALTY Court, the chief court at London of the lord high-admiral, erected for deciding maritime controverfies, trial of malefactors for crimes committed on the highfea, &c.

ADMIRALTY Court, a tribunal in which caufes relating to maritime affairs are try d. All the proceffes and proceedings in this court run in the name of the lord high-admiral, and not that of the king.

The lord high-admiral has in the court a deputy, who is filed Judge of the admiralty, and is ufually fome eminent doctor of the civil law; the proceedings in matters relating to property in this court, are determined by the civil law, the fea being accounted out of the verge or limits of the common law.

The proceedings to action are by way of libel, and the plantiff gives fecurity that he will profecute the fuit, and pay whatever thall be awarded again ft him, if he fails; and on the contrary, the defendant fecures the plaintiff at the difcretion of the judge, that he will make his appearance in the court, ftand to every thing his proctor fhall do in his name, and fatisfy any judgment that fhall be given against him.

They make ufe alfo of the laws of Rhodes and Oleron in this court. And the former decrees and cuftoms of the English court of admiralty have the force of precedents for deciding controverfies.

In criminal caufes, fuch as piracies, the proceedings were anciently by accufation and ADMINISTRATION (adminiftratis, L.) information; but this being found inconveni1. The act of adminiftring, or conduct in ent, two ftatues were made in the reign of gaining employment; as, the conducting pub-king Henry VIII. that fuch fhould be tried by lick affairs; difpenfing the laws. 2. The active, or executive part of government. 3. Thofe to whom the care of publick affairs is committed, 4. Distribution; exhibition; difpenfation.

ADMINISTRATIVE (from adminiftrate) that which adminifters; that by which any one adminifters.

ADMINISTRATOR (adminiftrator, L.) 1. It is properly taken for him that has the goods of a man dying inteftate, committed to his charge by the ordinary; and is accountable for the fame, whenever it fhall please the ordinary to call upon him thereunto. 2. He that officiates in divine rites. 3. He that conducts the government.

ADMINISTRATRIX (L.) fhe who admifters in confequence of a will.

ADMINISTRATORSHIP, the office of

adminiftrator.

Rear ADMIRAL, the admiral of the third fquadron in a royal feet, who carries his flag with the arms of his country in the mizzen top of his fhip.

Vice ADMIRAL, another of the three principal officers of a royal navy, that commands the fecond fquadron, and carries his

witnelles, and a jury, authoriz'd by fpecial commifiion of the king to the lord admiral of England, at which fome of the judges in Westminster-ball are alfo in commiffion.

There are diftinét boundaries and precincts of power to the common laws of England, and the admiralty; for in the fea, as far as low-water-mark reaches, the place is reckoned to be in, and the caufes in the national county. And fuch cafes as happen to be thence arifing, are determinable by the common laws; but when the fea is full, the admiral has jurifdiétion there alto, as long as the tide lafts, over matters done between the low-water-mark, and land.

F.)

To ADMIRE (admiro, L. admirer, 1. To regard with wonder; generally in a good fenfe. 2. It is fometimes ufed in more familiar fpeech for, to regard a th love. 3. It is ufed, but rarely, in an ill fenfe.

To ADMIRE. To wonder: fometimes with the particle at.

An ADMIRER (from admire.) 1. The perfon that wonders, or regards with admiration. 2. In common fpeech, a lover.

ADMIRINGLY (from admire,) with admiration, in the manner of an admirer. ADMISSIBLE

ADMISSIBLE (admitto, admiffum, L.) that which may be admitted.

ADMISSION (admiffio, L.) 1. The act or practice of admitting. 2. The state of being admitted. 3. Admittance; the power of entering, or being admitted. 4. In the Ecclefiaftical law. It is, when the patron prefents a clerk to a church that is vacant, and the bith p, upon examination, admits and aws of fuch clerk to be fitly qualified, by faying, admitte te babilem, &c. 5. The allowance of an argument; the grant of a p-fition not fully proved.

To ADMIT (admitto, L. 1. To fuffer to enter; to grant entrance. 2. To fuffer to enter upon an office; in which fenfe, the phrafe of admiflion into a college, &c. is uled. 3. To allow an argument, or position. 4. To allow or grant in general; fometimes with the particle of.

ADMITTABLE (from admit) the perfon er thing which may be admitted."

ADMITTANCE (from admit) 1. The act of admitting, allowance or permiffion to eater. 2. The power or right of entering. 3. Conceffion of a pofition.

[blocks in formation]

ing.

ADUM'BRANT (adumbrans, L.) fhadow

ADUMBRATION (in Heraldry) is when any figure in a ccat armour is born fo fhaADMIXTURE (of admixtus, L.) a mix-dowed or obfcured, that nothing is vifible but

ture or mixing with or to.

ADNASCENTIA (with the Anatomifts) branches that sprout out of the main ftock, as the veins and arteries.

ADNASCENTIA (with Botanifts) thofe crefcencies, which grow under the earth, as in the Lily, Narciffus, Hyacinth, &c. which afterwards become true roots.

ADORABLENESS (of aderabilis, L.) worthiness to be adored.

ADORN'MENT, adorning, ornaments, beautifying.

ADOSCULATION (in Botany) a joining or infertion of one part of a plant into fome eavity, as it were mouth to mouth.

ADROIT'NESS (of Adroit, F.) dexteroussels, ski lfulness, neatnefs, handinefs, clever

[ocr errors]

ADRY' (a and nigge, Sax.) thirsty. ADVANCE Fofs (Fortification) a ditch of water round the efplanade or glacis of a place, to prevent it being furprized by the befiegers. ADVANTAGEOUSNESS (of avantagrux, F.) profitableness.

ADVENTITIOUS (in the Civil Law) is applied to fuch goods as fall to a perfon either by mere fortune, or the liberality of a ranger, or by collateral fucceffion, in oppofition to Profectitious, i. e. fuch goods as defcend in a direct line, from father to fon. ADVENTITIOUS Glandules (Anatomy) thofe kernels which are sometimes under the arm-holes, and in the neck; as in the King'sEvil, &c.

ADVENTURESOM, bold, daring, haz

ardous.

ADVENTURESOMNESS (of avantarca, F.) venturefomnefs.

the bare purfile, or (as the painters call it)
the out-line; when this happens, it is faid
to be adumbrated.

Lord ADVOCATE (in Scotland) an of-
ficer of ftate, appointed by the king to advife
about the making and executing Law; to
defend his right and intereft in all publick af
femblies, to profecute capital crimes, &c.
College of ADVOCATES and a
Sin Scot-
Faculty of S
college confifting of 180, appointed to plead
in all actions before the lords of feffions.

ADVOCATESHIP (of avocat, Fr. ad-
vocatus, L. and hip) the office of an advocate.
To ADVOW 2 (in a Law Senfe) thus he

To AVOW S is faid to avow, who having taken a diftrefs for rent, &c. juftifies or maintains the act, after the party distrained has fued a replevin to have his goods again.

ADUST (in a Medicinial Serfe) the blood,
when by reafon of its exceffive heat, the
thinner parts of it fteam thro' in vapours, the
thicker remaining black, and full of dregs, as
if parch'd or burnt; when fo, it is faid to be
adut.

A'CEA, folomn feafts and combats ce-
lebrated in gina, in honour of Æacus.
ÆL in compound names, is a Saxon par-
ALSticle, and fignifies all, or altoge-
ther, as a does in Greek. Alpin, fignifies
altogether conqueror; Elbent, all illuftri-
ous; Aldred, altogether reverend; Alfred, al-
together peaceful.

AEL a Saxon particle, according to the
ELF different dialects, is pronounced
Ulf, Wulf, Hulf, Hilf or Helf, and fignifiet
the fame that we pronounce Help; to Alavie

C 2

[ocr errors]
« AnteriorContinuar »