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with the periphery of a circle.

Homologous ANGLES, (Geometry) are fuch

as

are in two figures, and
retain the order from
the first in both figures,
as OX.

ANGLE at the Peri-
phery,
ANGLE at the Seg-:
ment (Geometry) is compre-
hended between the two
chords A B and B D, and
ftands on the arch A B.

Cid ANGLE (Geometry) the inner angle which is made by two convex spherical lines interfecting each other.

Peleroid ANGLE (Geometry) an angle in the shape or figure of an hatchet.

Siraid ANGLE (Geometry) an angle in form of a Siftrum.

ANGLES (in Anatomy) are understood of the corners of the eye or Canthi, where the upper eye-lid meets with the under.

ANGLE of a Wall (Architecture) is the paint or corner, where the two faces or fides of a wall meet.

ANGLES (Afrology) certain houses of a fcheme of the heave s, the first house or herofcope is called the angle of the Eaft, the feventh the angle of the Weft, the fourth boufe the angle of the North, the tenth boufe the angle of the South.

ANGLE of Longitude (Aftronomy) is the angle which the circle of a ftar's longitude makes with the meridian at the pole of the echiptick.

ANGLE of Elongation (Aftronomy) is the difference between the true place of the fun, and the geocentrick place of the planet.

ANGLE of Commutation (Aftronomy) is the difference between the true place of the fun, feen from the earth, and the place of a planet reduced to the ecliptick.

ANGLE of Incidence (in Dioptricks) is an angle made by an incidentary with a lens or other refracting furface.

ANGLE of the Circumference (in Fortification) is the next angle made by the arch, which is drawn from one gorge to the other.

ANGLE of the Courtain in (in Fortification) er the angle of the flank BAE is formed by or contained between the courtain and the flank in any piece of fortification.

Diminished ANGLE (in Fortification) is the angle BCF, which is formed by the

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K

ANGLE of the interior Figure (in Fortis fication) is the angle CHM, which is formed in H the centre of the bastion by the meeting of the innermoft fides of the figure GH and H M.

ANGLE Flanking (in Fortification) is the angle which is made by the two rafant lines of defence, viz. the two faces of the baftion prolonged.

ANGLE flanking upwards ( Fortification) is the angle GLH formed by the flanking line and the courtain.

Flanked ANGLE (in Fortification) is the angle BCS, which is made by the two faces BC, CS, and is the utmost part of the baftion, most exposed to the enemy's batteries, and is therefore called by fome the angle of the baftion, or the point of the baftion.

ANGLE forming the flank (Fortification is that which confifts of one flank and one Demi-gorge; or it is compofed by the flanke and that fide of the polygon, running from the flank to the angle of the polygon, and were it extended would cross the baftion.

ANGLE { of the Shoulder
of the Eper is the angle
(Fortification)

ABC, which is formed by the lines of the
face BC and the flank AB.

ANGLE of Elevation (in Mechanicks) an angle comprehended between the line of a projectile, and a horizontal line.

ANGLE of Direction (Mechanicks) an angle comprehended between the lines of direction of two confpiring forces.

ANGLE of Incidence (Mechanicks) an angle made by the line of direction of an impinging body in the point of contact.

ANGLE of Reflection (Mechanicks) an angle made by the line of direction of a remeeting of the outermoft fides of the poly-flected body, in the point of contact from gon, and the face of the bastion.

ANGLE of or at the Center (in Fortification is the angle G KF, which is formed by the concurrence of two ftrait lines drawn from the angles of the figure FC.

ANGLE of the exterior Figure (in Fortifarion) is the fame as the angle of the polygon, and is the angle FCN, form'd at the

which it rebounds.

Front ANGLES (Military Affairs) the two laft men of the front rank.

Rear ANGLES (Military Affairs) the two laft men of the rear rank.

ANGLE of the Eaft (in Navigation) is that point of the compafs that the ship fails upon. Optick

E 2

Optick ANGLE, is that which is contained or included between two rays drawn from the extreme points of an object to the center of the pupil.

ANGLE of Inclination (Opticks) is the angle made by a ray of incidence, and the axis of incidence.

ANGLE of Reflection (in Opticks) is an angle formed by the reflected ray, at the point of reflection, with the other part of the tangent line.

ANGLE refrated (in Opticks) is an angle between the refracted ray and the perpendicular.

ANGLE of Refraction (Opticks) is an angle made by the ray of incidence, extended through another medium (as out of the air in. to the water) and the ray of refraction. Optick ANGLE (in Opticks) is an angle Visual included between two rays, drawn from the two extreme points in an object to the center of the pupil, as ABC, which is comprehended between the rays AB and BC.

-A

C

ANGLE (in Sciagraphy, i. e. Dialling) an angle that is made by the ftrait line, proceeding from the fun to the dial plane.

ANGLER (of angel, Sax.) one who fishes with an angle.

ANGUIGENOUS (anguigenus, L.) ingendered or begotten of ferpents.

ANGUINEAL (anguineus, L.) pertain ing to an eel.

ANHELO'SE (anbelofus, L.) fetching breath quick and fort; puffing and blowing. AN'IL, the plant from which Indigo is procured.

ANI'LENESS (anilitas, L.) the being a very old woman.

ANIMA, the breath; alfo the principle of life in the rational, fenfitive or vegetative foul, L.

ANIMA Mundi, called by Plato fuxn T xóo, the foul of the world or of the univerie, with Naturalifts) is a certain pure, ethereal fubftance or fpirit, which is diffused through the mafs of the world, which informs, actuates and unites the divers parts of it into one great, perfect, organical or vital body.

The modern Platonifts explain the anima mundi to be a certain ethereal, universal spirit; which exifts perfectly pure in the heavens, but pervading elementary bodies on earth, and intimately mixing with all the minute atoms of it, affumes fomewhat of their nature, and thence becomes of a peculiar kind.

Some again define it to be a certain ignifick virtue or vivifick heat, infused into the chaos and diffeminated through the whole frame of it, for the confervation, nutrition and vivification of it.

AN'IMABLENESS (of animabilis, L.) the having life.

ANIMADVER'SIVENESS (of animus and advertere, L.) the animadverfive faculty.

ANIMAL, . e. a living creature, is by fome defined to be a being, which befides the power of growing, increafing and producing its like (which vegetables alfo have) is further endowed with fenfation and spontaneous motion.

ANGUIN'EAL Hyperbola, an hyperbola of an eel-like figure, which cuts its affymp-functions, diftinguished from natural and vital, tote with contrary flexions, and is produced both ways into contrary legs. AN'GULARNESS (of angulaire, F. angularis, L.) having corners.

ANGULAR Motion (Mechanicks) a compound fort of motion, wherein the moveable both flides and revolves at the fame time.

ANGULAR Motion (with Aftronomers, is the increase of the distance of any two planets, revolving round any body, as the common center of motion.

ANGULOSITY (with Philofophers) the quality of that which has feveral or many angles.

ANGUSTINESS (of anguftus, L.) narrownefs, Atraitness.

ANGUSTITY (of anguftitas, L.) ftraitnefs or narrownefs of place; alfo ftraitness of circumstances, poverty, &c.

ANHALTINA (with Phyficians) medicines that promote refpiration.

ANHELATION, a panting, a difficulty of breathing; shortness of breath.

ANIMAL (animalis, L.) 1. That which belongs or relates to animals. 2. Animal are the lower powers of the mind, as, the the will, memory, and imagination. 3. Animal life is oppofed, on one fide, to intellectual, and on the other, to vegetable. 4. Animal is ufed in oppofition to spiritual or rational; as the animal nature.

ANIMALCULE (animalculum, L.) a fmall animal; particularly those that are in their first and fmall ftate.

ANIMALITY (from animal) The state of animal exiftence.

To ANIMATE (animo, L.) To quicken; to make alive; to give life to; as, the foul animates the body; man must have been animated by a higher power. 2. To give powers to; to heighten the powers or effect of any thing. 3. To encourage; to incite.

ANIMATE (from to animate) alive; poffeffing animal life.

ANIMATED (from animate) lively; vigorous.

ANIMATENESS (from animate) The ftate of being animated.

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ANIMATION

ANIMATION (from_animate) _The_act | due to him from an abbot or prior for any of of animating or enlivening. 2. The ftate his chaplains, used to demand it, &c. of being enlivened.

ANIMATIVE (from animate) That which has the power of giving life; or animating.

ANIMATOR (from animate) that which gives life; that which implants a principle of life.

ANIMOSE (animofitas, L.) full of fpirit; hot; vehement.

ANIMOSENESS (from animofe) spirit; heat; vehemence of Temper.

ANIMOSITY (from animofitas, L.) vebemence of hatred; paffionate malignity. It implies rather the difpofition to break out into outrages, than the outrage itself.

AN JOUR and WAST (Law term) a forfeiture when a man has committed petty rajsa and felony, and has lands held of fome common perfon, which fhall be feized for the king, and remain in his hands a year and a day, next after the attainder, and then the tees fhall be pulled up, the houfes razed and pal'd down, and the pafture and meadows ploughed up; except he, to whom the lands fhould come by efcheat or forfeiture, redeem it of the king.

ANISCALPTOR, i. e. the Arfeferatcher.

ANISCALPTORIS Mufculi par (Anatomy) a muscle called alfo latiffimus dorfi, from its largeneís, q. d. the broadeft of the back: a pair of mufcles, fo called from that action that is performed by the help of it, it ferving to draw the arm backwards and downwards.

ANʼNALS, histories or chronicles of things done, from year to year. L.

To ANNEX (anneéto, anne&tum. L. aner, F.) 1. To unite to at the end; as, he annexed a codici! to his will. 2. To unite, as, a smaller thing to a greater; as, he annexed a province to his kingdom. 3. To uzite à pofteriori; annexion always pre-fuppofing fomething; thus, we may fay, punishment is annexed to guilt; but not guilt to punishment.

ANNEX (from to annex) The thing annexed; additamentum.

ANNEXATION (from annex) 1. Conjunction; addition. 2. Union; coalition; conjunction.

ANNEXION (from annex) the art of annexion, addition."

ANNEXMENT (from annex) 1. The art of annexing. 2. The thing annexed.

ANNOI'SANCE (in Law) nufance, a hart or offence either to a publick place, as a high way, bridge or common river, or to a private one, by laying any thing that may breed infection; by encroaching or the like. ANNOISANCE, the name of a writ brought upon this tranfgreffion.

ANNUAL Penfion (in Law) a writ by which the king, having an annual penfion

ANNUAL Equation (Aftronomy) is the equation of the mean motion of the fun and moon, and of the apogee and nodes.

ANʼNUALS (with Botanifts) plants that are to be raised year by year; fuch as die in the winter.

'ANNU'ITY (of annuus, L. yearly) a yearly income or rent that is to be paid for term of life; an annuity is different from a rent only in this, that the former only charges the granter or his heirs, whereas a rent is payable out of land.

Dr. Halley, in his obfervations on the Breflaw bills of mortality, fhews that it is 80 to I a person of 25 years of age does not die in a year; that it is 5 and a half to one that à man of 40 lives 7 years; and that one of 30 may reasonably expect to live 27 or 28 years: So great a difference there is between the life of man at different ages; that it is 100 to I if one of 20 lives out a year; and but 38 to to 1, that one of 50 does fo.

When and from fome other obfervations he has conftructed the following tables, fhewing the value of annuities from every 5th year of life to the 70th.

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AN'NULAR (annularis, L.) pertaining to a ring.

ANNULAR Ligament (Anatomy) a strong ligament encompaffing the Carpus or wrift, after the manner of a bracelet.

ANOI'SANCE (of nuisance, F.) any NOI'SANCE injury, damage or hurt NU'SANCE done to a publick place, bridge, highway, &c. or to a private one by encroachment, by laying in it any thing that may breed infection, &c.

ÁNOMALISTICAL Year (Aftronomy) is the space of time wherein the earth paties through her orbit.

ANOMALY (in Aftronomy) the distance of a planet from the Aphelion or Apogee; or an irregularity in the motion of a planet, whereby it deviates from the Aphelion or Apogee.

ANOMALY of a Planet mean or equal (in the New Aftronomy) is the Area, which is contained under a certain line drawn from the fun to the planet.

Mean ANOMALY of the Sun or Planct (with Aftronomers) is an arch of the ecliptick, between the mean place of it, and its apogee.

In

In the modern Aftronomy it is the time wherein the planet moves from the Aphelion to the mean place or point of its orbit.

The true ANOMALY of the center (Afronomy) an arch of the zodiack, bounded by the true motion of the center; in the new Afromamy it is an arch of the eccentrick circle, included between the Aphelion and a right line, | drawn through the center of the planet perpendicular to the line of the Apfides.

ANOMALY of the Eccentrick (New Af tronomy) an arch of the eccentrick circle in cluded between the Aphelion, and a right line drawn thro' the center of the planet perpendicular to the line of the Apfides.

True or equated ANOMALY (Aftronomy) is the angle at the fun which a planet's diftance from the Aphelium appears under; or it is the angle at the Area taken porportional to the time in which the planet moves from the mean place to its Aphelion.

ANTANACLASIS (¿lavánλaru, of dit and avanhaw, to ftrike back again, Gr.) a reflecting or bearing back.

ANTAPODOSIS (ανταπόδοσις, of ἀντὶ against) arò from, and didapu, Gr. to give a returning or paying on the other fide,or by turns. ANTARES (with Aftronomers) the fcorpion's heart, a fixt star of the first magnitude in the conftellation Scorpio, in longitude 45 degrees 13 minutes, latitude 4 deg. 27 mín. ANTARTHRITICKS (of all and degr Tinos, Gr.) remedies good against the gout. ANTASTHMATICKS(of a'lì and Tixos, Gr.) remedies against the phthifick or fhortness of breath.

ANTECE/DENCE (antecedens, L.) a going before, L.

ANT'ECE'DENT Decree, a decree preceeding fome other decree, or fome action of the creature, or the provifion of that action.

To ANSWER (the etymology is uncer- ANTECEDENTS of the Ratio (with Ma tain) 1. To speak in return to a question.thematicians) is the firft term of comparison 2. To speak in oppofition. 3. To be ac-in a proportion, or that which is compared to countable for. 4. To vindicate, to give a another. Thus if the ratio or proportion fatisfactory account of, 5. To give an ac- were of B to C, or 18 to 16, B or 8 is the count. 6. To correfpond to, to fuit with. antecedent, and Cor 16 the confequent. 7. To be equivalent to; to ftand for fome- ANTECEDENTIA (Aftronomy) when a thing elfe. 8. To fatisfy any claim or peti-planet appears to move weftward contrary to tion. 9. To act reciprocally upon. 10. To the order or courfe of the figns, it is faid to ftand as oppofite, or correlative to fomething move in Antecedentia. elfe. To bear proportion to. 12. To perform what is endeavoured or intended by the agent. 13. To comply with. 14. To fucceed, to produce the wifhed event. 15. To appear to any call, or authoritative fummons. 16. To be over-against any thing. ANSWER (from to anfer) 1. That which is faid, whether in fpeech or writing, in return to a question, or pofition. 2. In Law, a confutation of a charge exhibited against a perfon.

ANSWERABLE (from anfwer) 1. That to which a Reply may be made; that which may be answered; as, the argument, though fubtle, is yet answerable. 2. Obliged to give an account, or ftand the trial of an accufation. 3. Correfpondent. 4. Proportionate. 5. Suitable; fuited. 6. Equal. 7. Relative; correlative.

ANSWERABLY (from anfwerable) in due proportion; with proper correfpondence; Suitably.

ANSWERABLENESS (from anfwerable) the quality of being answerable.

ANSWERER (from anfwer) 1. He that anfwers; he that fpeaks in return to what another has spoken. 2. He that manages the controverfy against one that has written first.

ANTAGIONIST 7 (with Anatomifts ANTAGONISTA a muscle that has an opposite fituation to another or a contrary function, as the Abductor of the Cubitus, which ferves to pull the arm back, and the Abductor that stretches it out.

AN'TECHAMBER 2 of ante camera, L. ANTICHAMBER an outer chamber of an apartment, where fervants wait, and ftrangers ftay, till the perfon is at leifure to whom they would speak.

ANTEMUN'DANE (of ante and mundaus, L.) before the beginning or creation of the world.

ANTE'RIOUR, fomething before another, especially in respect of place.

ANTHELMINTHICKS (of all and expire, Gr. a worm) medicines which deftroy worms in human bodies.

AN'THEM (antbema, Ital. q. of arouμv, Gr. a church fong, performed in a cathedral, &c. by the choristers, divided into two chorus's, who fing alternately. St. ANTHONY's Fire. See Eryfipelas. ANTHRA'COTHE IOSALENTRUM, (of avoga, a cole, Satov, fulphur, as, falt. and, vírgov, nitre, Gr.) all the ingredients of gunpowder.

ANTHOPOGRAPHY (of "Av@gwπ☺, a man, and pan, Gr. defcription) a phyfiological difcourfe or treatife of all the component parts of a human body.

ANTHROPOLOGY (in Theology) a way of speaking of God after the manner of men, by attributing to him human parts, as hands, eyes, &c.

ANTHROPO'PHAGY, the act of eating
man's or human flesh.

ANTHYPNOTICS (of a and vC,
Gr. fleep) medicines that prevent fleep.

ANTHY

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ANTHYPOCHONDRIACA (of 21Pasyalis, Gr.) medicines good against difcafes of the hypochondria. ANTICHAMBER.

See Antechamber. ANTICHREʼSIS (in the Civil Law) a covenant or convention between the debtor and the creditor, as to a lone of money upon a mortgage or pawn.

characters of a real metal, except malleability; and may be called a femi-metal, being a foffile glebe of fome undetermined metal, combined with a fulphurous and ftony fubftance. Mines of all metals afford it; but chiefly thofe of filver and lead; that in gold mines is reckoned beft. It has its own mines in Hungary, Germany, and France. It is found in clods or ANTICHRIST (x, of all, a- ftones, of feveral fizes, bearing a near regrinft, and Xeços, Chrift, Gr.) a name which femblance to black lead, only lighter and St. Paul gives, by way of eminence, to the harder. Its texture is full o little fhining man of fin and son of perdition, who, as is pro- veins or threads, like needles ; brittle as phefied in the facred fcriptures, shall appear glass. Sometimes veins of a red or golden remarkably in opposition to Christianity at the colour are intermixed, which is called male latter end of the world. antimony; that without them being denomiANTICHRISTIANITY 2 oppofite-nated female antimony. It fufes in the fire, ANTICHRISTIANNESS

neis to

the doctrine of Chrift, or the principles, &c. of Chriftians.

ANTICH'THONES, thofe people which inhabit countries oppofite to each other; now the fame as Antipedes.

To ANTICIPATE (anticipo, L.) 1. To take fomething focner than another, fo as to prevent him that comes after. 2. To take up before the time, at which any thing might be regularly had. 3. To fore-tafte, or take an impreffion of fomething which is not yet, as if it really was. 4. To prevent any thing by crouding in before it; to preclude.

ANTICIPATION (from anticipate) 1. The aft of taking up fomething before its time. 2. Fore-tate. 3. Opinion implanted before the reasons of that opinion can be known.

ANTICOR (from anci, against, and cor, the heart.) A preternatural fwelling of a round figure, occafioned by a fanguine and bilious humor, and appearing in a horfe's breast oppofite to his heart; which may kill him, unless brought to a fuppuration, by good remedies.

ANTIDIA'PHORISTS (of alì and , Gr. to differ) those who are oppofite to the diaphorifts. ANTIDYSENTER'ICA (of alì and boralagic, Gr.) medicines that are efficacious against the dyfentery or bloody flux.

ANTILEGO'MENA (áñλsyómeva, Gr.)

contradictions.

ANTILOE MICA (of and λemos, Gr. the peftilence) medicines against the plague.

ANTILOPE, a mungrel creature, engendered by a hart and a goat.

ANTIMETASTASIS (of all and púérzi, Gr.) a mutation) a translating or changing to the contrary part. ANTIMONARCHICALNESS (of a and vagxinès, Gr.) the being againft government in a fingle perfon.

ANTIMONIALS, preparations of antimony, or fuch medicines wherein antimony the bafis or principal ingredient.

ANTIMONY is a mineral fubftance, of a metalline nature, having all the feeming

though with fome difficulty; and diffolves
more cafily in water. When dug out of the
earth, it is put into large crucibles, fufed by
a violent fire, and then poured into cones,
which make the crude antimony of the shops.
Of these cones the top is the pureft part, and
the bafe the fouleft. It deftroys and diffipates
all metals fufed with it, except gold; and is
therefore useful in refining. It is a common
Ingredient in fpeculums, or burning concaves,
ferving to give them a finer polifh. It makes
a part in bell-metal, and renders the found
more clear. It is mingled with tin, to make
it more hard, white, and found; and with
lead, in the cafting of printers letters, to ren-
der them more fmooth and firm. It is a ge-
ral help in the melting of metals, and especial-
in cafting cannon balls. In pharmacy it is
ufed under various forms, and with various
intentions, chiefly as an emetick.
ANTIMONY
(Chym. Writers) is
expreffed by one
of these charac-
ters.

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Calx of ANTIMONY 7 isa white powCerufe of ANTIMONY der produced of the regulus, diftilled with spirits of nitre in a fand furnace.

Cinnabar of ANTIMONY, is prepared of a mixture of fulphur, mercury and antimony, fublimed in a luted bolt head, and a naked fire.

Crocus of ANTIMONY 2 See Crocus Me-
Liver of ANTIMONY Stallorum.

Butter of ANTIMONY, a white gummous liquor, prepared either of crude, or regulus of antimony, and corrofive, fublimate, pulverized, mixt and difti.led by a gentle heat.

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Golden fulphur of ANTIMONY is prePrecipitate of ANTIMONY from the feoria arifing in preparing the regulus, by boiling, filtration, and adding diftilled vinegar.

Magiftery of ANTIMONY, is a yellowish powder prepared from crude antimony, digefed in aqua regia, which becomes an infipid matter, by many repeated ablutions in water.

Crude

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