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a torce and helmet. Their motto, Make all fure.

ARMOURY, a branch of heraldry, being the knowledge of coat armour, as to their blazons and various intendment.

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ARMS of Paradely ufed in jufts and of Courtely those arms ancienttournaments, as fwords without either edge or point, and fometimes wooden fwords, and alfo canes; lances not fhod, &c. Pafs of ARMS (among the ancient Cavaliers) a kind of combat fo named.

ARMS (in Heraldry) fo named because they are borne chiefly on the buckler, cuirass, banners, &c. are used for marks of dignity and honour, being compofed regularly of certain figures and colours given or authorized by fovereign princes to be borne in coats, fhields, banners, &c. for the distinction of perfons, families and states.

Intire ARMS (in

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Charged ARMS (in Heraldry) are fuch as retain their ancient integrity, with the addition of fome new honourable charge or bearing. (in Heraldry) are fuch Full as retain their primitive purity, integrity, and value, without any alterations, diminutions or abatements. Vocal ARMS (in Heraldry) fuch wherein the figures bear an allufion to the name of the family.

AROMATICAL (from aromatick) fpicy, fragrant, high scented.

AROMATICK (from aroma, L. fpice) 1. Spicy. 2. Fragrant, ftrong fcented.

AROMATICKS, fpices.

AROMATIZATION (from aromatize) The mingling of a due proportion of aromatick fpices or drugs with any medicine.

To AROMATIZE (from Aroma, L. fpice,) 1. To fcent with fpices; to impregnate with fpices. 2. To fcent; to perfume. AROSE, the preter tenfe of the verb arife. See arife.

AROUND (from a and round.) 1. In a circle. 2. On every fide.

AROUND, about.

To AROUSE (from a and roufe) 1. To wake from fleep. 2. To raise up; to excite. AROW (from a and row) in a row; with the breafts all bearing against the fame line; and twenty, rank in rank, they rode arow. Dryden

To ARRAIGN (arranger, F. to fet in order.) 1. To fet a thing in order, or in its place. One is faid to arraign a writ in a county, that fits it for trial before the justices of the circuit; a prifoner is faid to be arraigned, where he is indicted and brought forth this trial. Cowel. 2. To accufe; to charge with faults in general, as in controversy; in a fatire. 3. It has for before the fault.

ARRAIGNMENT (from arraign) the act of arraigning; an accufation; a charge. To ARRANGE (arranger, F.) to put in the proper order for any purpofe.

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ARRANGEMENT (from arrange) the act of putting in proper order; the state of being put in order.

To ARRA'Y a Pannel (Law Phrafe) is to rank, order, or fet forth a jury empannelled upon a cause.

To quafh an ARRAY (Law Phrafe) is to fet afide the pannel of the jury.

Commiffioners of ARRAY (of arraiatores, F.) certain officers, whofe bufinefs it is to take care of the arms of the foldiery, and to fee that they are duly accoutered. ARREAR'ANCES (of arriere, F. beARREAR'S Shind) are the remainders of any rents or monies unpaid at the due time; the remainders of a debt or reckoning.

ARREAR'AGES (in Law) is the remainder of an account or a fum of money in the hands of an accountant.

Saving the ARREN'TATIONS (Law Phrafe) fignifies the referving a power to grant licences to one, who owns land in a foreft, to inclofe them with a low hedge, and a little ditch, paying an annual rent. Forcht Law.

T.

ARREST (from arrefter, F. to stop.) In law. A ftop or ftay; as, a man apprehended for debt, is faid to be arrested. To plead in arreft of judgment, is to fhew caufe why judgment fhould be ftayed, tho' the verdict of the twelve be paffed. To plead in arrest of taking the inqueft upon the former iffue, is to fhew caufe why an inqueft should not be taken. An arrest is a certain restraint of a man's perfon, depriving him of his own will, and binding it to become obedient to the will of the land, and may be called the beginning of imprisonment. 2. Any caption. 3. A ftop. Corvel.

To ARREST (from arrefter, F. to stop.) 1. To feize by a mandate from an officer or court of juftice, fee arreft. 2. To feize any thing by law. 3. To feize; to lay hands on. 4. To with-hold; to hinder. 5. To ftcp

motion.

ARRESTS (with Farriers) mangey humours upon the finews of the hinder legs of a horfe between the ham and the paftern.

ARRETED (arrectatus, low Latin) he that is convened before a judge, and charged with a crime. It is used fometimes for imputed ar laid unto, as, no folly may be arreted to one under age.

To ARRIDE (arrideo, L.) to laugh at. 2. To fmile; to look pleasantly upon one.

ARRIERE/BAN (in the French Customs) is a general proclamation, whereby the king fummons to the wars all that hold of him ; both his own vaffals, i. e. the Nobieffe, or nobility, and their vaffals.

ARRIER Vafal or Tenant, the vaifal or tenant of another vaffal or tenant.

ARRIERE FEE, a fee dependent on fome other inferior fee.

ARRISION (arrifio, L.) a fmiling upon.

AR

ARRIVAL (from arrive) the act of coming to any place; and, figuratively, the attainment of any purpose.

ARRIVANCE (from arrive) company

coming.

To ARRIVE (arriver, F) to come on fhore. 1. To come to any place by water. 2. To reach any place by travelling. When we were arrived upon the verge of his eftate, we stopped at a little inn, to reft ourselves and tur horfes. 3. To reach any point. 4. To gain any thing. 5. The thing at which we arrive is always fuppofed to be good. 6. To happen; with to before the perfon. This fenfe feems not to be proper.

ARROGANTNESS (arragantia, L.) haughtiness, pride, prefumption; felf-con

ceit.

ARROGATION, a claiming to one's felf, L.

ÁR/SENICK, a ponderous minereal fubftance, cauftick and corrofive to fo great a degree as to be poifon. It is ranked in the clafs of fulphurs. There are of it divers forts, yellow or native, red and cryftalline.

Native ARSENICK, is either of an orange er yellow colour, and is by colour-men and painters called Orpiment, it is found in copper mines; from this fort are made the two others.

One property of Arfenick is, that mixing a very small portion of it with any other metal it renders that metal friable, and immalleable; for which reafon the refiners fear nothing fo much as Arfenick being mixed among any of their operations.

Yellow ARSENICK colour, chiefly is of a yellow Native {ARSENICK} S found in copper mines in a fort of glebes or ftones; it is found to contain a small portion of gold, but fo little, that it will not quit the coft of feparating it; it is thence called Auripigmentum.

Red ARSENICK, the native yellow arfenick rubified by fire, called Realgal.

White ARSENICK, is drawn from the yellow by fubliming it with a proportion of feafalt, Cryftalline Arfenick.

Cauftick Ore of ARSENICK, is a butyrous liquor prepared of arfenick and corrofive fublimate; it is like butter of antimony.

ARSENICAL, of or pertaining to

aríenick.

mind prefcribing rules for the production of certain effects. Others define it a poper dif. pofal of the things of nature by human thought and experience, fo as to make them answer the defigns and ufes of mankind; as that which is performed by the wit and industry of man; alfo a collection of rules, inventions and experiments, which being obferved, give fuccefs to our undertakings in all manner of affairs; or it is that to which belongs fuch things as mere reason would not have attained

to.

ARTERY, a hollow fiftulous canal of a conical form, whofe ufe is to receive the blood from the ventricles of the heart, and difperfe it all over the body, for the prefervation of life and heat, and the conveyance of the neceffary nutriment.

It is compofed of three coats; the first nervous being a thread of fine blood veffels, for the nourishment of the other two.

The fecond mufcular, confifting of spiral fibres, which have a strong elafticity, and have either many or few strata, according to the fize of the artery.

The third and inmoft coat is a fine denfe tranfparant membrane, which keeps the blood within its channels.

Definite ARTICLE (Grammar) the article (the) fo called, as fixing the fenfe of the word it is put before to one individual thing.

Indefinite ARTICLE (Grammar) the article) (A) fo called, because it is applied to names, taken in their more general figni. fication.

ARTICLE (with Anatomifts) a joint or juncture of two or more bones of the body.

ARTICLE (with Arithmeticians) fignifies 10, with all other whole numbers that may be divided exactly into 10 parts, as 20, 30, 40, 50, &c.'

ARTICLE of faith (Theology) fome point of chriftian doctrine, which we are obliged to believe, as having been revealed by God himfelf, &c.

ARTICLE of death, the laft pangs or agony of a dying perfon.

ARTICULATENESS, diftin&tness. ARTIFICIAL ARGUMENT (with Rhetoricians) all thofe proofs and confiderations that proceed from the genius, industry or invention of the orator.

ARTIFICIALNESS (artifice, F. artifici

ARSENICAL Magnet (with Chymifts) isum) artfulness. a preparation of antimony with fulphur and white arfenick.

ARSENOTHE LYS (of apsnv, a male and Su, a female) an hermaphrodite, a beaft which is both male and female.

AR'SIS (des, of age, Gr. to lift up) the raifing the voice in pronunciation.

ART (of Aars, L. of apeln, virtue, Gr. or, as others fay, from apos, profit) is varioufly defined. The schoolmen define it to be a habit of the mind operative or effective, according to right reason; or a habit of the

ARTILLERIES, warlike engines. ARTILLERY, (artillerie, F.) the heavy equipage of war, comprehending all forts of great fire arms, with what belongs to them, as cannons, mortars, &c, the fame that is called ordnance.

Park of ARTILLERY (in a Camp) that place fet apart for the artillery or large fire

arms.

Train of ARTILLERY, a fet or number of pieces of ordnance, mounted on carriages G 2 with

with all their furniture, 'fit for marching. ARTILLERY, is alfo ufed for what is called Pyrotechnia, or the art of fire-works, with all appurtenances of it.

ARTI-NATURAL, of or pertaining to nature imitated by art.

To AR/TUATE (artuatum, L.) to divide by joints, to quarter, to difmember. ARUNDINA'CEOUS (arundinaceus, L.) of or belonging to reeds.

ARUNDINOSE (arundinofus, L.) full of, or abounding with reeds.

A'RUSPICE (arufpicium, L.) a foothfaying or divination, by inspection into the entrails of beafts.

manner.

AS (als, Teuton.) 1. In the fame manner with fomething eife. 2. In the manner that. 3. That, in a confequential fenfe. 4. In the state of another. 5. Under a particular confideration; with a particular refpect. 6 Like; of the fame kind with. 7. In the fame degree with. 8. As if; in the fame manner. 9. According to what. 10. As it were; in fome fort. JI. While; at the fame time that. 12. Because. 13. As being. 14. Equally. 15. How; in what 16. With; anfwering to like, or fame. 17. In a reciprocal fenfe, answering 18. Going before as, in a comparative fenfe; the first as being underftcod. 19. Anfwering to fuch. 20. Having fo to answer it, in a conditional fenfe. 21. So is fometimes understood. 22. Anfwering to fo conditionally. 23. Before how it is fometimes redundant; but this is low language. 24. It seems to be redundant before yet; to this time. 25. In a fenfe of comparison followed by jo. 26. As for; with refpect to. 27. As if, in the fame manner that it would be, if. 28. As to; with respect to. 29. As well as equally with. 30. As though; as if.

to as.

To ASCEND (afcendere, L.) to get climb; alfo to rife or fly upwards.

or

The ASCEND'ANT (afcendens, L.) as to gain the afcendant of a perfon, is to obtain a power over him, &c. to have an over-ruling or powerful influence over a perfon.

ASCENDANT Line (with Genealogifts) ASCENDENT 3 fignifies fuch relations as have gone before us, or thofe that were or are nearer the root of the family.

ASCENDANT (in Architecture) an ornament in mafonry and joyners work, which borders the three fides of doors, windows, and chimneys. It differs according to the feveral orders of architecture, and confifts of three parts, the top, which is called the traverfe, and the two fides, which are called the afcendants. The fame as Chambrale

ASCENDING (with Aftronomers) fignifies thofe ftars or degrees of the heavens, &c. which are rifing above the horizon in any parallel of the equator.

ASCENDING Latitude (Aftronomy) the latitude of a planet when going towards the

poles.

ASCENDING Node (Aftronomy) is that point of a planet's orbit wherein it paffed the ecliptick to proceed to the northward.

ASCENDING Signs (Aftrology) are thofe figns which are upon the afcent or rife, from

the nadir to the zenith.

ASCENDING (by Anatomifts) a term applied to fuch veffels as carry the blood upwards, or from the lower to the higher parts of the body,

ASCEN'SION, rifing, going, or getting up, L,

ASCENSION day; a feftival obferved in commemoration of the day on which our Saviour afcended into heaven, 40 days after his refurrection from the dead, in the fight of 120 of his apostles and difciples.

ASCENT' of fluids (with Philofophers) is their rifing above their own level between the furface of nearly contiguous bodies, or in flender capillary glass tubes, &c.

To ASCERTAIN (acertener, F.) 1. To make certain, to fix, to establish. 2. To make confident, to take away doubt; often with of.

ASCERTAINER (from afcertain) the perfon that proves or establishes.

ASCERTAINMENT (from afcertain) a fettled rule, an established standard.

ASCETICK (aculix, Gr.) employed wholly in exercises of devotion and mortification.

ASCETICK, he that retires to devotion and mortification; a hermit.

ASCII. It has no fingular (from a and σκια, Gr. a fhadow) thofe people who, at certain times of the year, have no fhadow at noon; fuch are the inhabitants of the torrid zone, because they have the fun twice a year vertical to them.

ASCITES (from as, Gr. a bladder.) A particular fpecies of dropfy, a fwelling of the lower belly and depending parts, from an extravafation and collection of water broke out of its proper veffels. This cafe, when certain and inveterate, is univerfally allowed to admit of no cure, but by means of the manual operation of tapping. Quincy.

There are two kinds of dropfy, the anafarca, called alfo leucophlegmacy, when the extravafated matter fwims in the cells of the membrana adipofa; and the afcites, when the water poffeffes the cavity of the abdomen. Sharp's Surgery.

ASCITICAL 2 (from afcites) belonging ASCITIK Sto an afcites; dropfical, hydropical.

ASCITITIOUS (afcititius, L.) fupplemental, additional, not inherent, not original. ASCRIBABLE (from afcribe) that which may be afcribed.

To ASCRIBE (afcrib, L.) 1. To attribute to a caufe. 2. To attribute to as a

poffeffor, or fubftance receiving accidents.

ASCRIP

ASCRIPTION (afcriptio, L.) the act of Kribing.

ASCRIPTITIOUS (afcriptitius, L.) that

which is afcribed.

ASH (Acre, afke, Dan.) a tree well known.

ASH (in proper names) at the beginning generally denotes that the name was from the a tree, as Abby, Afhton, &c. See As. To ASHA ME (o: peamian, Sax.) to put to fame, to caufe to be ashamed.

ASHES (of axan, Sax.) the terrene or erhy part of wood or other combustible boces remaining after they are burnt.

ASH'LERING (with Builders) is a name given to quartering, to tack to in garrets, in beight two and a half or three feet perpendicar to the floor, up to the infide of the rafters.

To ASK farcian, Sax.) 1. To petition, to beg; fometimes with an accufative only; metimes with for. 2. To demand, to cam; as to ask a price for goods. 3. To equire; to question; with for before the thing, and fometimes of before the perfon. 4. To enquire; with after before the thing. 5. To require, as phyfically neceffary.

ASKER (from ak) 1. Petitioner. 2. En

quirer.

ASKEW (from a and skew) afide, with contempt, contemptuously, difdainfully.

To ASLA'KE (from a and flake or flack) to remit, to mitigate, to flacken. ASLANT (from a and flant) obliquely, on one fide, not perpendicularly.

ASLEEP (from a and fleep) 1. Sleeping, at reft. 2. To fleep.

ASLOPE (from a and flope) with decavity, obliquely, not perpendicularly.

ASOMATOUS (from a priv. and coua, G. a body) without a body.

ASP, the afpen tree, a kind of white poplar, the leaves of which are small, and always tremble.

ASP

afpis, L.) a kind of ferpent, ASPICK whofe poifon is fo dangerous and quick in its operation, that it kills withcat a poffibility of applying any remedy. It is faid to be very fmall, and peculiar to Egypt and Lydia. Thofe that are bitten by it die in three hours; and the manner of their eving being by fleep and lethargy, without any pain, Cleopatra chofe it, as the eafieft way of dispatching herfelf. Calmet.

ASPECT (afpectus, L.) looks, the air of

one's countenance.

ASPECT (with Afrologers) is when two planets are joined with or behold each other; or when they are placed at fuch a diftance in the zodiack, that they (as it is faid) mutually help or affift one another, or have their virtues or influences increafed or diminished.

ASPECT (with Aftronomers) fignifies the fituation of the ftars or planets in respect to each other; or certain configurations or mu

tual relations between the planets arifing from their fituation in the zodiack.

Partile ASPECTS (Aftrology) are when planets are diftant just such a number of degrees, as 30, 36, 45, &c.

Platic ASPECTS (Aftrology) are when the planets do not regard each other from these very degrees; but the one exceeds as much as the other wants.

AS'PEN Tree. See Afp.

To AS'PERATE (afperatum, L.) to make rough.

ASPERIFO'LIOUS (afperifolius, L.) having rough leaves.

ASPERITY (with Philofophers) the roughness of the furface of any natural body; fo that fome parts of it stick out fo far above the reft, as to hinder the finger or hand from paffing over it easily and freely.

ASPHAL'ITES (of a and paλλw, Gr. I fupplant) the fifth Vertebra of the loins. ASS (afinus, L. aɲal, Sax.) a beast of burden well known.

ASSAY, of filver and gold, is the melting part of a mafs or ingot in a very strong fire, which being weighed before it was put into the coppel or melting pot, very exactly and alfo when it comes out, the fineness of the whole is judged by this assay; for what is loft by this part fo tried is proportioned to the whole, which is accordingly pronounced more or lefs fine as it lofes more or lefs in the affay.

ASSÁPANICK, a little creature in America, a fort of flying fquirrel.

ASSART (of afartum, L.) a tree pulled up by the roots.

To ASSART (of affartir, F. to make plain, which Spelman derives of exertum, F.) to pluck up by the roots, to grub up trees, bushes, &c.

ASSART Rents, rents paid to the crown for lands affarted.

ASSA'TION (in Pharmacy) the preparing or dreffing of medicaments in their own juices, without the addition of any foreign moisture.

An ASSASSIN, an affaffinator.
ASSASSINATOR (affaffinat, F.) an as-

faffin.

ASSASSIN'ANS, a petty government or body of Mahometan thieves, or military knights, who called their king the Ancient of the Mountains, who taught their youth to affaffinate whom they commanded; they had fix cities in their poffeffion, and were about 40000 in number, and inhabited Antaradus in Syria. At the command of their chief mafter, they would refufe no pain or peril, but ftab any prince he commanded them. They were fubdued, and their king put to death by the Cham of Tartary, Ann. 1257. Hence those that are ready to exccute bloody defigns are called Affaffins.

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ASSEMBLAGE, an uniting or joining of things together, or the things fo united or joined. F.

ASSEMBLEE (in Heralds) a duftail or more to hold the two parts of the escutcheon together, where the partion line is, being counter-changed, fome of the metal and fome of the colour of the efcutcheon. F. ASSEMBLY (affemblée, F.) a concourfe or meeting together of people.

Unlawful ASSEMBLY (in a Law Senfe) is the meeting together of three or more perfons for the committing of an unlawful act altho' they do not effect it.

ASSEMBLY (with Military Men) is a particular beat of the drum or found of the trumpet, and is an order for the foldiers to repair to their colours.

ASSEMBLY (with the Beau monde) a ftated and general meeting of perfons of both fexes, for converfation, gaming, gallantry, &c. Actual ASSEN'T is a judgment whereby the mind perceives a thing to be true.

Habitual ASSENT', confifts of certain habits induced in the mind by repeated arts. ASSENTATORY (affentatorius, L.) belonging to a flatterer or flattery.

ASSERTION (with Scholafticks) a propofition which is advanced, which the advancer avows to be true, and is ready to maintain in publick.

ASSES'SION, a fitting down, at, or by, or together; an affifting.

ASSESSOR (affeffeur, F.) one who fits by and affists another in office and authority; a judge lateral or affiftant; alfo one who makes the affefiment or rate for the payment of publick taxes; also an officer in the prefbyterian affemblies. L.

ASSESSORY (affefforius, L.) belonging to affiftance; fitting at, or by.

Real AS'SETS (in Law) are where a man dics poffeffed of lands in fee fimple.

Perfonal ASSETS (in Law) are where a man dies poffeffed of any perfonal estate.

ASSETS per Defcent (in Law) are when a man enters into bonds, and dies feized of lands in fee fimple, which defcend to his heirs, and are therefore chargeable as affets in his hands.

ASSETS entre mains (in Law) is when a man dies indebted, leaving to his executors fufficient wherewith to difcharge his debts and legacies. F.

ASSEV'ER (affeveratam, L.) to avouch, to affirm boldly, to avow, to affure.

To ASSIGN Wafie (Law phrafe) is to fhew efpecially wherein the wafte is committed.

ASSIGN'ABLE (of affigner, F) may be affigned.

that

ASSIMILATENESS (of affimilis,

L.)

likeness.

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ASSIZE 7 a writ directed to the sheriff ASSI'SE for the recovery of poffeffion of things immoveable, of which a man's felf or ancestors have been diffeifed.

ASSIZE (of Bread, Ale, &c.) a ftatute or ordinance relating to the price, weight, meafure, or order of feveral commodities; alfo the measure or quantity itself; thus it is faid, when wheat, &c. is of fuch a price, the bread fhall be of fuch affize.

ASSIZE (in Law) a fourfold writ for the recovering of lands, cenements, &c. of which one has been difpoffeffed; alfo the jury fummoned upon fuch writs.

To ASSIZE (of affife, F.) to adjust weights

and measures.

ASSIZES, were originally used for extraordiary fitting of fuperior judges in inferior courts depending on their jurifdiction, to enquire whether fubaltern judges and officers did their duty.

Special ASSIZE, a particular commiffion granted to feveral perfons, to take cognizance of fome one or two cafes, as a disseizin, or the like.

Clerk of the ASSIZE, an officer of the court who fets down all things judiciarily done by the justices of the affize in their circuits.

ASSOCIABLE (affociabilis, L.) that which may be joined to another; fociable.

To ASSOCIATE (afocier, F, affociare, L.) 1. To unite with one another as a confederate. 2. To adopt as a friend upon equal terms. 3. To accompany, to keep company with one another. 4. It has generally the particle with; as, he affociated with his mafter's enemies.

ASSOCIATE (from the verb) confederate, joined in intereft or purpose.

2. A

ASSOCIATE (from the verb) 1. A perfon joined with another; a partner. confederate. 3. A companion; implying fome kind of equality.

ASSOCIATION (from affociate) 1. Union, conjunction, fociety. 2. Confederacy, Union for particular purposes. 3. Partnerfhip. 4. Connexion; affociation of ideas is of great importance, and may be of excellent ufe. 5. Appofition, union of matter.

AS'SONANCE, an ecchoing.

ASSONANCE (in Rhetorick and Poetry) is ufed where the words of a phrase or verfe have the fame found and termination, and yet make no proper rhyme.

AS'SONANT (affonans, L.) agreeing in

found.

ASSURANCE, the fame as Infurance. Policy of ASSURANCE, is a contract whereby one or more perfons oblige themfelves to make good any damages that goods, a houfe, fhip, c. may fuftain by fire, the fea, or pirates, AS

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